The Early Cold War: 1947-1970 Written by Ms. Susan M. Pojer and modified by J. Christie
California Standards Compare the economic and military power shifts caused by the war, including the Yalta Pact, the development of nuclear weapons, Soviet control over Eastern European nations, and the economic recoveries of Germany and Japan. Analyze the causes of the Cold War, with the free world on one side and Soviet client states on the other, including competition for influence in such places as Egypt, the Congo, Vietnam, and Chile. Understand the importance of the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan, which established the pattern for America s postwar policy of supplying economic and military aid to prevent the spread of Communism and the resulting economic and political competition in arenas such as Southeast Asia (i.e., the Korean War, Vietnam War), Cuba, and Africa.
Part I: Reconstruction & Confrontation
The Ideological Struggle Soviet & Eastern Bloc Nations US & the Western Democracies GOAL spread worldwide Communism GOAL Containment of Communism. METHODS TO ACHIEVE GOALS: Espionage [KGB vs. CIA] Arms Race [nuclear escalation] Ideological Competition for the minds and hearts of Third World peoples [Communist govt. & command economy vs. democratic govt. & capitalist economy] proxy wars Bi-Polarization of Europe [NATO vs. Warsaw Pact]
Video Note Chart Draw the following in your notebook: Notes: Judgment: Questions: Symbol/Visual
The Iron Curtain From Stettin in the Balkans, to Trieste in the Adriatic, an iron curtain has descended across the Continent. Behind that line lies the ancient capitals of Central and Eastern Europe. -- Sir Winston Churchill, 1946
Knowledge Check What did Churchill mean by an iron curtain?
Truman Doctrine [1947] Reasons for TD 1. Civil War in Greece. 2. Turkey being pressured by USSR. The U. S. should support free peoples throughout the world who were resisting takeovers by armed minorities or outside pressures We must assist free peoples to work out their own destinies in their own way. Truman Doctrine 3. The U.S. gave Greece & Turkey $400 million in aid.
Marshall Plan [1948] European Recovery Program. (See Video) Why did the U.S. gov. help rebuild Europe? What was the plan? Why didn t Russia participate? Do you think the Marshall Plan was a good idea? Explain to a neighbor.
Post-War Germany
Berlin Blockade & Airlift (1948-49)
The Arms Race: } The Soviet Union exploded its first A-bomb in 1949. } Now there were two nuclear superpowers!
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (1949) United States Belgium Britain Canada Denmark France Iceland Italy Purpose: Create a unified military defense between the United States and Western Europe. An attack on one is an attack on all. Luxemburg Netherlands Norway Portugal 1952: Greece & Turkey 1955: West Germany 1983: Spain
Warsaw Pact (1955) The Soviet response to NATO! } U. S. S. R. } Albania } Bulgaria } Czechoslovakia } East Germany } Hungary } Poland } Rumania
Premier Nikita Khrushchev About the capitalist states, it doesn't depend on you whether we (Soviet Union) exist. If you don't like us, don't accept our invitations, and don't invite us to come to see you. Whether De-Stalinization Program you like it our not, history is on our side. -- 1956
Closure 1. What was the Cold War? 2. How/why did economic power shift to the US after WWII? 3. How and why did military power shift to the US and USSR after WWII? 4. What were the causes of the Cold War?
Quickwrite How did the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan contribute to the beginning of the Cold War and what was the Soviet response?
Title: The Cold War is Like??????? (simile) Visual Image: You will create a poster that has matching images placed in the middle of the poster. You must use at least 2 metaphors that symbolically represent something in the image. Example: The Cold War is Like Two Gamblers in the Old West Playing Cards because both sides are trying to break the other., What would the cards, chips, guns, etc., represent? The guns on the gambler in the picture represent the threat of nuclear weapons. Explanation: Under the image write the phrase the Cold War is like a because. Under each element of the image, write a brief explanation of the symbols in the image.
Cold War Events The following are examples of Cold War confrontations between U.S.S.R. and the United States.
Quickwrite What was the Cold War? Who do you think was more responsible for beginning the Cold War? Why? (Use examples from your reading or class to support your answer.) Today we will discuss some specific cold war events. HW is due on Thurs.
The Korean War: A Police Action (1950-1953) Kim Il-Sung Domino Theory Syngman Rhee
Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty
Sputnik I (1957) The Russians have beaten America in space they have the technological edge!
U-2 Spy Incident (1960) Col. Francis Gary Powers plane was shot down over Soviet airspace.
Paris, 1961 Khrushchev & JFK meet to discuss Berlin and nuclear proliferation. Khrushchev thinks that JFK is young, inexperienced, and can be rolled.
The Berlin Wall Goes Up (1961) Checkpoint Charlie
Khruschev Embraces Castro, 1961
Bay of Pigs Debacle (1961)
Cuban Missile Crisis (1962) We went eyeball-to-eyeball with the Russians, and the other man blinked!
Cuban Missile Crisis (1962) Russians- Sting Click on Pic
Vietnam War: 1965-1973
Cold War Closure Which event do you think got the United States and the USSR closest to Nuclear War? Why?