Putting Numbers into Action: Aboriginal Data on the Statistics Canada Website Findings from the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) Social and Aboriginal Statistics Division, Statistics Canada
Outline Diverse groups living across the country Aboriginal population First Nations people Métis Inuit Findings for selected characteristics Age Living arrangements of children Languages Educational attainment and employment Income and housing 2
Diverse groups living across the country 3
Aboriginal people numbered 1.4 million in 2011 in Canada Data from the National Household Survey (NHS) show that 1,400,685 people had an Aboriginal identity in 2011, representing 4.3% of the total Canadian population Aboriginal people accounted for 3.8% of the population enumerated in the 2006 Census, 3.3% in the 2001 Census and 2.8% in the 1996 Census In Ontario, 301,425 people reported an Aboriginal identity representing 2.4% of the province s total population 4
In Canada the count of Aboriginal people varies by Aboriginal concept 2,000,000 1,836,035 1,800,000 1,600,000 1,400,000 1,400,690 1,200,000 1,000,000 800,000 600,000 400,000 200,000 851,560 637,660 213,900 451,795 59,440 0 Aboriginal identity Aboriginal ancestry First Nations single identity First Nations single identity with Registered Indian status First Nations single identity without Registered Indian status Métis single identity Inuit single identity 5
The Ontario Aboriginal population is diverse Aboriginal identity populations Ontario, 2011 Number Percent % Total Aboriginal identity population 301,430 100.0 First Nations single identity 201,100 66.7 First Nations single identity with Registered Indian status 141,165 46.8 First Nations single identity without Registered Indian status 59,935 15.3 Métis single identity 86,020 28.5 Inuit single identity 3,355 1.1 Multiple Aboriginal identities 2,910 1.0 Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere 8,040 2.7 6
Aboriginal population increasing at faster pace than non-aboriginal population % increase 25 20 15 20 Percent increase of the population, Canada, 2006 to 2011 23 18 16 10 5 5 0 Total Aboriginal identity population First Nations single identity Métis single identity Inuit single identity Non-Aboriginal identity population selected Aboriginal identity categories Sources: Statistics Canada, National Household Survey, 2011, Census of Population, 2006. 7
Most Aboriginal people live in Ontario and the western provinces Aboriginal people as a % of the total population in each province and territory % distribution of Aboriginal people in the provinces and territories 2.4% 5.4% 6.2% 16.7% 15.6% 1.8% 7.1% 3.7% 86.3% 3.1% 51.9% 23.1% 1.6% Ont. B.C. Alta. Man. Sask. Que. N.L. N.S. Nvt. N.B. N.W.T. Y.T. P.E.I. 0.2 0.6 2.6 2.4 2.0 1.6 1.5 10.1 11.3 14.0 15.8 16.6 21.5 0 5 10 15 20 25 % 8
provinces and territories Different regions have different proportions of Aboriginal groups Ont. B.C. Alta. 232,290 220,695 301,425 Man. Sask. Que. N.L. N.S. Nvt. N.B. N.W.T. Y.T. P.E.I. 35,800 33,845 27,360 22,615 21,160 7,705 2,230 141,915 157,740 195,900 First Nations single identity Métis single identity Inuit single identity Multiple and other Aboriginal identities 0 50,000 100,000 150,000 200,000 250,000 300,000 350,000 number 9
Four in five First Nations people live in Ontario and the western provinces First Nations people as a % of the total population in each province and territory % distribution of First Nations people in the provinces and territories 1.6% 3.6% 3.3% 9.7% 10.2% 1.1% 2.4% 3.8% 2.2% 32.7% 19.8% 1.1% 0.4% Ont. B.C. Alta. Man. Sask. Que. N.S. N.L. N.B. N.W.T. Y.T. P.E.I. Nvt. 2.6 2.3 1.9 1.6 0.8 0.2 0.01 9.7 12.1 13.7 13.4 18.2 23.6 0 5 10 15 20 25 % 10
Nearly half of First Nations people with registered Indian status live on reserve Of the 637,660 First Nations people who reported being Registered Indians, nearly one-half (49%) lived on an Indian reserve or Indian settlement. This proportion varied across the country Quebec had the highest proportion (72%) of First Nations people with registered Indian status living on reserve while Newfoundland-and-Labrador had the lowest (35%) 11
Winnipeg is the city with the largest status First Nations population Census metropolitan areas with the largest First Nations populations, by Registered Indian Status, 2011 Vancouver Winnipeg 30,420 31,675 Edmonton 26,950 Toronto Montréal Calgary 14,750 14,630 23,950 With Registed Indian status Saskatoon Regina Ottawa - Brantford 11,750 11,180 10,810 10,300 Without Registed Indian status 0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 35000 Number 12
85% of Métis live in Ontario and the western provinces Métis as a % of the total population in each province and territory % distribution of Métis in the provinces and territories 2.7% 0.7% 6.7% 1.6% 5.2% 0.5% 1.1% 1.5% 0.7% 8.0% 2.5% 0.3% 0.4% Alta. Ont. Man. B.C. Sask. Que. N.S. N.L. N.B. N.W.T. Y.T. P.E.I Nvt. 2.2 1.7 1.1 0.7 0.2 0.1 0.03 9.1 11.6 15.4 17.4 19.0 21.4 0 5 10 15 20 25 13 %
Winnipeg has the largest Métis population Census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations with the largest Métis populations, 2011 CMA/CA Winnipeg (CMA) 46,325 Edmonton (CMA) 31,780 Vancouver (CMA) Calgary (CMA) 18,485 17,040 Saskatoon (CMA) Toronto (CMA) Montréal (CMA) Regina (CMA) Prince Albert (CA) Ottawa - Gatineau (Ontario part) (CMA) 11,520 9,980 8,840 8,225 7,900 6,860 0 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 number 14
Nearly three-quarters of Inuit live in 'traditional homeland Inuit Nunangat Inuit population by area of residence Inuit Nunangat, 2011 Within Inuit Nunangat 43,460 (73.1%) REGION 3,310 (5.6%) 27,070 (45.5%) 2,325 (3.9%) 10,750 (18.1%) 15
Findings for selected characteristics 16
Aboriginal population younger than non-aboriginal population % 60 Age distribution for the Aboriginal and non-aboriginal populations, Canada, 2011 56 50 48 Aboriginal population 40 Non-Aboriginal population 30 28 20 17 18 13 14 10 6 0 0 to 14 years 15 to 24 years 25 to 64 years 65 years and over age 17
In Ontario, the Aboriginal population was also younger than the non-aboriginal population in 2011 Age groups Seniors Aboriginal Non-Aboriginal Male Female Adults Youth Children 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 % % Statistics Canada 18 Statistique Canada 22/01/2015
Inuit are the youngest of the three Aboriginal groups median age (years) 45 40 Median age for selected Aboriginal identity categories, Canada, 2011 41 35 30 25 28 26 31 23 20 15 10 5 0 Total Aboriginal identity population First Nations single identity Métis single identity Inuit single identity Non-Aboriginal identity population selected Aboriginal identity categories 19
Age distribution and median age for selected Aboriginal identity groups, Ontario, 2011 Aboriginal population First Nations people Métis Percentage (%) Inuit Non- Aboriginal population All age groups 100 100 100 100 100-0 to 14 years 24.6 26.8 19.3 35.9 17.0-15 to 24 years 17.0 16.9 17.3 13.7 13.4-25 to 64 years 51.7 49.9 56.2 45.8 55.6-65 years and over 6.7 6.4 7.3 4.5 14.0 Median age in years 31 30 35 25 40 20
Diverse living arrangements for children 14 years and under living arrangements Children of both parents Distribution of Aboriginal and non-aboriginal children aged 14 years and under by living arrangement, Canada, 2011 49.6 76.0 Stepchildren 8.5 5.8 Children of lone parent 17.4 34.4 Grandchildren in skip-generation family Foster children Children living with other relatives 2.7 0.4 3.6 0.3 1.2 0.2 Aboriginal children non-aboriginal children 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 % 21
Living arrangements of Aboriginal & non-aboriginal children aged 14 years and under living in Ontario Living arrangements of Aboriginal and non-aboriginal children aged 14 and under, Ontario, 2011 Number of children aged 14 and under in private households Total (Ontario) Aboriginal children Non- Aboriginal children 2,178,125 74,195 2,103,930 Number Percentage (%) Children of both parents 1,650,090 52.7 76.6 Stepchildren 108,480 9.1 4.8 Children of lone parent 397,335 33.1 17.7 Grandchildren in skip-generation family 9,590 2.1 0.4 Foster children 7,045 2.4 0.2 Children living with other relatives 5,585 0.7 0.2 22
In Canada, about one in six Aboriginal people can speak an Aboriginal language Just over 240,800 Aboriginal people (17.2%) reported the ability to conduct a conversation in an Aboriginal language The proportion of Aboriginal people who were able to conduct a conversation in an Aboriginal language declined from 21.0% to 17.2% between 2006 and 2011 In Ontario, nearly 22,000 Aboriginal people (7.3%) reported they were able to conduct a conversation in an Aboriginal language. 23
Ability to speak an Aboriginal language varies by group Almost two thirds (63.7%) of Inuit reported that they were able to conduct a conversation in an Aboriginal language, mostly Inuktitut. Among First Nations people, the proportion was 22.4%, and among Métis, 2.5% Aboriginal/Inuit languages spoken by the largest number of: First Nations people: Cree languages, Ojibway and Innu/Montagnais Métis: Cree languages, Dene and Michif Inuit: Inuktitut, Inuinnaqtun and Inuvialuktun 24
Acquiring an Aboriginal language as a second language Proportions of population being able to converse in an Aboriginal language and with an Aboriginal language as mother tongue, selected Aboriginal identity categories, Canada, 2011 70 % 60 50 40 Ability to conduct a conversation in an Aboriginal language Aboriginal language as mother tongue 63.7 58.7 30 20 17.2 14.5 22.4 18.7 10 0 Total Aboriginal identity population 2.5 First Nations single identity Métis single identity Inuit single identity 1.8 25
Nearly two-thirds of Aboriginal people aged 25 to 64 had completed high school Population between 25 and 64 years who had completed of high school or equivalent, Canada, 2011 Aboriginal population 65 First Nations People 60 Métis 74 Inuit 41 Non-Aboriginal population 85 0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 90.0 26
Over 7 in 10 Aboriginal people in Ontario aged 25 to 64 had completed high school % who completed high school by selected Aboriginal identity categories and age groups, Ontario, 2011 25-64 years 25-34 years 35-44 years Percentage (%) 45-54 years 55-64 years Total Aboriginal identity First Nations single identity Métis single identity Inuit single identity Non-Aboriginal identity 72.2 76.3 77 69.8 63.5 68.7 71.5 74.6 66.2 59.6 78.5 86.5 81.3 76.5 69.0 70.8 76.6 81.3 56.4 74.4 87.4 91.6 90.6 86.3 81.1 27
Almost half of Aboriginal people aged 25 to 64 had a postsecondary qualification 30% 25% 20% Proportion of Aboriginal and non-aboriginal people aged 25 to 64 by selected levels of educational attainment, Canada, 2011 21% 21% 26% Trades certificate College diploma 15% 10% 5% 14% 4% 10% 12% 5% University certificate or diploma below bachelor level 0% Total Aboriginal Identity Non-Aboriginal identity University degree
Younger women and men more likely to have college diplomas than their older counterparts Proportion of Aboriginal people by selected levels of educational attainment, sex and age group, Canada, 2011 30% 27% 25% 20% 21% 19% 22% 18% 15% 10% 10% 10% 14% 10% 14% 8% 8% Aged 35 to 44 Aged 55 to 64 5% 0% Trades certificate College diploma University degree Trades certificate College diploma University degree Aboriginal women Aboriginal men 29
60% More than 4 in 10 First Nations people aged 25 to 64 had a postsecondary qualification Proportion of single identity First Nations people aged 25 to 64, by highest level of educational attainment, Canada, 2011 50% 45% 40% 33% 30% 20% 10% 22% 13% 19% 4% 9% 0% -10% No certificate, diploma or degree High school diploma or equivalent Postsecondary qualification Trades certificate College diploma University certificate or diploma below bachelor level University degree 30
Over half of Métis aged 25 to 64 had a postsecondary qualification 60% Proportion of single identity Métis aged 25 to 64 by highest level of educational attainment, Canada, 2011 55% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 21% 24% 16% 23% 4% 12% 0% No certificate, diploma or degree High school diploma or equivalent Postsecondary qualification Trades certificate College diploma University certificate or diploma below bachelor level University degree 31
Over half of Aboriginal people aged 25 to 64 in Ontario had a postsecondary qualification Percentage of population by Highest certificate, diploma or degree and selected Aboriginal identities, Ontario, 2011 No certificate, diploma or degree Aboriginal identity population* First Nations Métis single single identity identity Percentage (%) Inuit single identity Non- Aboriginal population 22.4 25.4 16.8 27.0 10.7 High school diploma 24.5 24.6 24.3 24.4 24.2 Postsecondary qualification 53.0 50.0 59.0 48.9 65.1 Trades certificate 11.7 10.9 13.2 9.8 7.7 College diploma 26.9 26.1 29.1 24.4 23.5 University cert. below bachelor 2.9 3.0 2.8 2.9 4.6 University degree 11.5 10 13.9 11.4 29.3 *The estimates for the three Aboriginal groups do not add to the total Aboriginal identity population because only selected Aboriginal identity categories are shown. 32
Employment rates higher among people who had at least completed high school Employment rate (%) by level of education for the population between 25 and 64 years of age, Canada, 2011 Aboriginal population 45 72 First Nations people 41 68 Métis 55 77 Inuit 48 74 Non-Aboriginal population 60 79 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Employment rate No high school diploma or equivalent With high school diploma or equivalent 33
First Nations people employment rates rise with education level Employment rate (%) by level of education for First Nations people and non-aboriginal population between 25 and 64 years of age, Canada, 2011 First Nations people (total) 57 71 First Nations people with Registered Indian status 54 69 First Nations people with Registered Indian status living on reserve 47 65 First Nations people with Registered Indian status living off reserve 60 71 First Nations people without Registered Indian status 67 76 Non-Aboriginal population 76 81 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Employment Rate Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree 34
Métis: Completing postsecondary schooling boosts employment rate Canada Winnipeg Employment rate (%) by level of education, Métis and non-aboriginal population between 25 and 64 years of age, Canada and selected CMAs, 2011 71 78 81 Edmonton Vancouver Calgary Ottawa - Gatineau Saskatoon 35 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 Employment Rate Métis - Total population (25 to 64 years) Métis with postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree (25 to 64 years) Non-Aboriginal population with postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree (25 to 64 years)
Median income rises with education level Median income ($) in 2010 by level of education and Aboriginal identity population aged 25 to 64 years, Canada, 2011 First Nations people Métis $22,344 $32,207 $33,274 $40,374 Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree Inuit $28,663 $42,967 Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree Non-Aboriginal population $37,101 $43,075 $0 $5,000 $10,000 $15,000 $20,000 $25,000 $30,000 $35,000 $40,000 $45,000 $50,000 Median Income 36
More living in dwellings in need of major repairs among onreserve First Nations people and Inuit in Inuit Nunangat Percentage of population living in dwellings in need of major repairs, by Aboriginal identity and area of residence, Canada, 2011 50.0 43 40.0 36 % 30.0 20.0 15 13 14 10.0 7 0.0 First Nations living on First Nations living off reserve reserve Métis Inuit living in Inuit Nunangat Inuit living outside Inuit Nunangat Non-Aboriginal population Source: Statistics Canada, National Household Survey, 2011 37
Crowding most prevalent on reserve and in the North 50.0 Percentage of population living in crowded dwellings (more than 1 person per room) by Aboriginal identity and area of residence, Canada, 2011 40.0. 39 % 30.0 27 20.0 10.0 7 3 6 4 0.0 First Nations living on First Nations living off reserve reserve Source: Statistics Canada, National Household Survey, 2011 Métis Inuit living in Inuit Nunangat Inuit living outside Inuit Nunangat Non-Aboriginal population Crowding is defined as more than one person per room. Not counted as rooms are bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes 38
Aboriginal Data on the Statistics Canada Website 39
NHS Reports & Data Products on Aboriginal Peoples Main report on Aboriginal Peoples (Catalogue no. 99-011-X2011001) Aboriginal Peoples in Canada: First Nations People, Métis and Inuit NHS in Brief Aboriginal peoples and language (Cat. no. 99-011-X2011003) The educational attainment of Aboriginal peoples in Canada (Cat. no. 99-012-X2011003) NHS Focus on Geography Series (Cat. no. 99-010-X2011005) Aboriginal Peoples Data tables (Cat. nos. 99-011-X2011026 through 99-011-X2011037) NHS Aboriginal Population Profile (Catalogue no. 99-011-XWE2011007) NHS Profiles (Cat. no. 99-010-X) 40
41 NHS Reference Products NHS Dictionary (Cat. no. 99-000-XWE) at: http://www5.statcan.gc.ca/olccel/olc.action?objid=99-000-x&objtype=2&lang=en&limit=0 NHS Reference Guides: Aboriginal Peoples (Cat. no. 99-011-X2011006) Education (Cat. no. 99-012-X2011006) Labour (Cat. no. 99-012-X2011007) Income (Cat. no. 99-014-X2011006) Housing (Cat. No. 99-014-X2011007) And others... http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/ref/guides/index-eng.cfm NHS User Guide (Cat. no. 99-001-x2011001) at: http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhsenm/2011/ref/nhs-enm_guide/index-eng.cfm NHS Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/ref/reports-rapports/ap-pa/indexeng.cfm
Aboriginal Data Available from Statistics Canada From the homepage, by clicking on the Browse by Subject tab to and then clicking on Aboriginal peoples Or use the URL: www.statcan.gc.ca/aboriginalpeoples Aboriginal People Survey can be accessed by: www.statcan.gc.ca/aps There is also health information available on the website that can be accessed by: Clicking on the Browse by Subject tab and then clicking on Health Or use the URL: www.statcan.gc.ca/health The Aboriginal Labour Force Analysis Series (71-588-X), http://www5.statcan.gc.ca/olc-cel/olc.action?lang=en&objid=71-588- X&ObjType=2 42
Aboriginal Health Data Beyond the Aboriginal Peoples Survey Select Health Indicators: Canadian Community Health Survey 2007 2010 data on First Nations People living off reserve, Métis, Inuit and non-aboriginal people Health-at-a-Glance: Select health indicators of First Nations people living off reserve, Métis and Inuit CANSIM Table 105-0512: Health indicator profile, by Aboriginal identity, age group and sex, four year estimates, Canada, provinces and territories CANSIM Table 105-0513: Health indicator profile, by Aboriginal identity and sex, age-standardized rate, four year estimates, Canada, provinces and territories 43
Statistics Canada Surveys with the Aboriginal Identity Question Information about the different surveys with the Aboriginal Identity question 2012 Aboriginal Peoples Survey (APS): a survey of First Nations people living off reserve, Inuit and Métis - http://www23.statcan.gc.ca/imdb/p2sv.pl?function=getsurvey&sdds=3250 Canadian Community Health Survey Annual Component (CCHS): http://www23.statcan.gc.ca/imdb/p2sv.pl?function=getsurvey&sdds=3226 Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) Mental health: http://www23.statcan.gc.ca/imdb/p2sv.pl?function=getsurvey&sdds=5015 Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) Nutrition: http://www23.statcan.gc.ca/imdb/p2sv.pl?function=getsurvey&sdds=5049 44
Questions / Comments? Visit our website www.statcan.gc.ca to access information on the NHS For access to articles and data on Aboriginal peoples, visit www.statcan.gc.ca/aboriginalpeoples Contact the Aboriginal Liaison Program advisor in your area: Melinda Commanda, Wade Roseborough, Mark Nadjiwan (See ALP information sheet for contact information) 45