Week 7 April 16, 2014 Par$cipatory Economic Evalua$on Dr Richard Thomas, UNU- INWEH
Agenda Why and where is par$cipa$on required How can it be achieved What incen$ves are needed Bibliography
Why par$cipa$on? Valuing ecosystem services is not only about economics; ecological sustainability and social fairness must also be considered Par$cipa$on is required to iden$fy the key ecosystem services, the indicators to measure them, and to develop sustainable land management
Where is par$cipa$on needed in the assessments?
Tabora region in Tanzania, OSLO consor$um Land valua$on through market prices fuel wood, $mber & honey Focus group discussions with communi$es & village governments on value of ecosystem services Staggering values of land and ecosystem services; 1.5 billion/year in provisioning services alone
Tabora region in Tanzania, OSLO consor$um STEP DESCRIPTION RELEVANT METHODOLOGIES 1 Incep$on ü Consulta:ons ü Review of exis:ng reports and papers 2 Land Cover Assessment ü Exis:ng land use cover developed using GIS 3 Ecosystem Services Assessment 4 Livelihoods and Economic Development Analysis 5 Land Degrada$on Pa[erns 6+1 Cost- Benefit Analysis and Sustainable Land Management Op$ons ü Millennium Ecosystem Assessment Typology ü Total Economic Value ü Use of exis:ng standards ü Total carbon es:ma:on and cos:ng ü Par:cipatory iden:fica:on of ecosystem services ü Par:cipatory Rural Assessment (PRS) through discussion with key informants and focus groups in study villages ü Total Economic Value, modelling, and scenarios ü Total Economic Value, modelling, and scenarios ü Nego:ated ac:on plans
How can par$cipa$on be achieved? 1. Iden$fica$on & characteriza$on of social- ecological situa$on and all ecosystem services 2. Evalua$on of ecosystem services in biophysical, socio- cultural and economic terms 3. Future scenario planning & analysis
A framework for integrated wetland management of Jabbul Agro- Ecosystem Outcome: Wetland management commi[ee (first of its kind in Syria) Priori$zed topics for urgent a[en$on including: ü environmental management ü legal enforcement of exis$ng bans ü fulfill Ramsar obliga$ons ü design a poverty reduc$on strategy
Members of the JAES Consulta$ve Commi[ee Government Agencies (12) Research Organiza:on (4) Ø Aleppo Governor Ø Execu$ve Office of the Services Sector, Municipal U$li$es & the Environment Ø Agriculture, Irriga$on and Transport of State Holdings office Ø Directorate of Technical Works Services for Aleppo Ø Upper Euphrates basin of the General Organiza$on for Land Reclama$on Ø Pollu$on Lab, Directorate of Irriga$on & Water Resources Ø General Company for Water Projects Ø Jabbul Salt Mining Works Ø Directorate of the Environment of the Ministry of Local Admin. and Environment Ø Directorate of Biodiversity of MLA&E Ø Directorate of Agriculture Ø Directorate of Aleppo Tourism Ø General Commission of Scien$fic Agricultural Research (GCSAR) Ø Aleppo University Facul$es of Agriculture and Technology Ø Atomic Energy Commission of Syria (AECS) Ø Interna$onal Centre for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas (ICARDA) Development Projects (2) Civil Society (11) Ø Rural community development project of Jabal al- Hoss (UNDP) Ø Agricultural Development project of Jabal al- Hoss (IFAD) Ø Representa$ves of NGO s (NADE, SSCW, GEF- UNDP, Syrian Syndicate for Agricultural Engineering) Ø Representa$ves of local communi$es (2) Ø Independent experts (4) Ø Media representa$ve
Example: SUMAMAD China Replace degraded grasslands with chicken rearing and adding value to animal products Par$cipa$on: local farmers, business & government need to implement a new land use op$on via na:onal seminars Increased income US$1.4 million investment from government Payment for poten$al for carbon payments was iden$fied
Incen$ves for par$cipa$on Payments for ecosystem services Interest in results Compe$$on within and between communi$es Field visits Para- ecologists
Bibliography Berbés- Blázquez (2012) A par$cipatory assessment of ecosystem services & human wellbeing in rural Costa Rica using photo- voice. Environmental Management, 49: 862-875. Engel, S., Pagiola, S., & Wunder, S. (2008). Designing payments for environmental services in theory and prac$ce: An overview of the issues. Payments for Environmental Services in Developing and Developed Countries, 65: 663-674. Global Mechanism (2011) Economic valua$on assessment of land resources in Tanzania. h[p://www.theoslo.net/wp- content/uploads/2012/04/economic- valua$on_final_report- Tanzania_EDITED.pdf ICARDA (2010) A framework for integrated wetland management of Jabbul agro- ecosystem. 2010. ICARDA, Aleppo, Syria. h[p://www.icarda.cgiar.org/publica$on/water- and- land Fontaine et al. (2013) Towards par$cipatory integrated valua$on & modelling of ecosystem services under land use change. h[p://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/1747423x.2013.786150. www.votes- project.be SUMAMAD Project (2013) h[p://www.unesco.org/new/en/natural- sciences/environment/ecological- sciences/ related- info/publica$ons/drylands/