IOM APPEALA IN SUPPORT OF PAKISTANAKISTAN INITIALNITIAL FLOODSLOODS EMERGENCYMERGENCY RESPONSEESPONSE PLANLAN AUGUST 2010 www.iom.int
SUMMARY The current floods have been the worst in the history of Pakistan, killing more than 1,200 people and affecting an estimated 14 million. This Appeal covers proposed IOM interventions as set out in the Pakistan Initial Floods Emergency Response Plan, principally within the framework of the emergency shelter cluster, for which IOM has been designated lead agency, as well as health, community support and overall coordination elements. It aims to reach up to 500,000 families. In total IOM is appealing for USD 38.25 million for this initial period of three months. With several cities inundated, the scale of destruction was initially considered the greatest in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa; however as the flood wave moved south, Punjab emerged as even worse with extensive damage to land, housing and infrastructure. Damages are assessed in the plain areas of Sindh where the River Indus continues to flow at exceptionally high flood. The 14 million people already affected by the monsoon rains and resultant flooding in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Balochistan, Punjab, KPK, Gilgit Baltistan, and Pakistan Administered Kashmir (PAK) and the initial assessment reports indicating enormous losses to social infrastructure including housing, health and educational facilities, WASH and communication networks still do not give a complete picture. Damage assessments in numerous areas have yet to be conducted since continuing inclement weather and damaged roads means many areas remain inaccessible. This appeal, at this stage of the response, will provide an array of assistance services to 500,000 families, supporting the interventions of the humanitarian community and the Government of Pakistan to provide Shelter/NFIs to flood affected populations. It will also seek to provide a dedicated platform to be used by country level IASC network to handle the receipt, transport, warehousing and distribution of non food items and shelter materials. In addition to shelter and NFI assistance, IOM will implement a number of Quick Impact Projects (QIPs) to repair damaged infrastructure and provide short term employment to affected populations. Mobile medical and referral clinics will provide health services and IOM will also build on its mass communications and public information outreach capacity to ensure the dissemination of reliable, accurate and timely information for all those affected by the floods. All activities presented in the appeal will be implemented in accordance with objectives set in the Pakistan Initial Floods Emergency Response Plan. Internationally accepted standards, specifically SPHERE standards, will be used for material specification and common implementation. The areas of intervention will be coordinated at the initial stages and throughout implementation with the various clusters and government focal points to ensure effective outreach to the affected population and to avoid duplication and overlap with other organizations. 2
SITUATION ANALYSIS The situation on the ground is fluid with changes in figures for affected populations, damages and urgent needs on daily basis. The below update therefore presents the situation as of the launch of this appeal and subject to change. Results of a rapid assessment carried out in eleven affected districts (Nowshera, Charsadda, Mardan, Peshawar, Swat, Shangla, Malakand, Upper Dir, Lower Dir, Dera Ismail Khan and Tank) of KP shows that nearly 257,184 households have lost their homes or been temporarily displaced in that area alone with 2.6 million people in need of assistance 1. While district Nowshera is so far showing the highest number of affected people (more than 540,000), places like Dera Ismail Khan and Tank are still hosting large numbers of IDPs even though they have suffered serious damage. Damage assessment reports from remote areas of Malakand Division indicate heavy losses to housing and infrastructure in district Shangla, Swat, Lower and Upper Dir and Buner. Farther downstream, the flooding has had a significant impact in Balochistan where the provincial government reports five severely affected districts. In Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), severe damage to infrastructure is being reported by the government as well as IOM field staff. Due to the destroyed road networks and bridges, as well as ongoing inclement weather conditions, there is limited access to the affected districts; high water in most of these areas means that they largely remain inaccessible. With the support of the army, the Government of Pakistan has set up camps to accommodate people in the affected areas; 451 government schools are so far reported as occupied by affected groups 2, large numbers are also residing in mosques, army barracks and other government buildings. Whilst these measures are helpful for the immediate needs, there are major gaps in the overall response. Immediate assistance is required throughout the flood affected areas, on a scale similar to operations launched following the earthquake that struck Pakistan in late 2005. The 2010 floods follow the largest internal displacement in Pakistan since Partition, where over four million people were displaced following security operations against militants in April 2009. KP has also been hosting most of this previously displaced population, some of whom remain displaced to this day. Women and children are particularly vulnerable in this situation, especially due to the prevailing tribal customs of the area. Host families with already stretched coping capacity are now themselves displaced and victimized by the present situation. According to initial findings shared by UN joint assessment mission to South Punjab, widespread damage to crops, housing and infrastructure has occurred in Rajanpur, Dera Ghazi Khan, Rahimyar Khan, Muzaffargarh with over 2 million people affected 3 ; the mission is yet to visit Layyah, Bhakkar and Mianwali. The government s own capacity to respond to this developing emergency is stretched, as the flood has been an equal opportunity destroyer, leaving government facilities and assets damaged as well. 1. Initial Assessment of Flood Affected Areas by WFP, 30 July 7 August 2010 2. Government of KP, Education Department as of 6 August 2010 3. UN Joint Assessment Mission to Punjab as of 10 August 2010 3
DAMAGE REPORT BY PROVINCE Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) According to NDMA, over 172,000 houses have been damaged in KP while fewer than 32,000 tents have been distributed; the following seven districts have the highest need for immediate humanitarian assistance: Nowshera, Charsadda, Swat, Shangla, Kohistan, Dera Ismail Khan, and Tank. In the four districts of Charsadda, Nowshera, Peshawar, and Mardan, 238,000 families have been affected by the flood and of those, 137,000 families require immediate humanitarian assistance including emergency shelter. Overall, 880,624 individuals are facing displacement across the province. Balochistan With approximately 272,000 individuals affected, priority districts are Sibbi, Kohlu, Barkhan and Naseerabad. According to the findings of rapid assessment conducted by UN Habitat, 6,479 families have been rendered homeless. Assessment reports received from IOM Rapid Response Teams based in Balochistan indicate heavy losses to housing, water supply schemes, crops, food stocks and other infrastructure in the affected areas. Pakistan Administered Kashmir (PaK) Priority districts are Neelum, Muzaffarabad and Bagh, where a total of 3,883 houses have been completely damaged whilst 1600 tents have been distributed to date. Landslides and erosion have made road access difficult in many areas, compounding local difficulties. Punjab According to the latest updates shared by the Relief and Crises Management Cell, 84,176 houses are damaged across the eight affected districts and 48,000 individuals have sought shelter in 167 relief camps. The floods affected 8 million people across the province and damaged 1.45 million acres of cropped land. Priority areas include Rajanpur, Muzaffargarh, Dera Ghazi Khan, Bhakkar and Layyah. Sindh The flood wave is passing through Guddu and Sukkur barrages. Water levels are still rising as a result of rainfall. The evacuation of communities living alongside the riverbanks is underway with more than 350,000 evacuated so far. Several protective embankments and dams have been breached by the flood wave, inundating scores of villages. The government expects around 800,000 people affected. Larkana, Kashmore, Nosheroferoze, Dadu, Nawabshah, Thatta and Sukker are to be priority districts in Sindh as the flood waters move downriver. Gilgit Baltistan According to reports from Gilgit Baltistan region, over 30 people lost their lives in land slides and flash floods in Skardu and Ghanche Districts. The region is cut off from the rest of the country due to land slides on the Karakorum Highway. These figures could increase dramatically should the landslide dammed lake at Attabad overflow. IOM CAPACITYC APACITY & R Working in Pakistan for nearly thirty years, IOM is in daily contact with the government of Pakistan on a national, provincial, district, and sub district level. IOM s national counterpart is the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA). IOM also has an office structure throughout the country with long established networks of national and international organizations. The government, civil society, and IOM are working together in order to address the immediate and longer term needs of floods victims. In addition to leading the emergency shelter and non food item (NFI) cluster, currently IOM has significant operational programming in the areas of logistics, health, and shelter and NFI distribution. Additional projects in other & RESPONSEESPONSE TO DATE sectors are being launched as the need shifts on the ground. At this stage, IOM is in the process of delivering large volumes of non food items to affected populations, including tents, shelter and kitchen kits, and items such as buckets and blankets, through direct procurement and in kind donations from partners such as the US and UK governments. Lastly, IOM has been supporting overall coordination efforts through the expansion of its mass communication program through which key humanitarian messages encompassing all sectors are being disseminated amongst the affected population. 4
1. EMERGENCYE MERGENCY SHELTER AND NON-FOODOOD ITEMS: Direct Assistance to flood affected population IOM PROPOSEDP ACTIVITIES The current flooding has affected various parts of Pakistan, each with significantly different topography, economic systems, level of impact from the disaster and cultural norms. Therefore the overarching assistance strategy must be refined on a provincial and sub provincial level. Throughout implementation, female and single headed households, the elderly and other vulnerable groups will be prioritized for intervention. As Emergency Shelter Cluster Lead Agency and provider of last resort, IOM will provide 60,000 families with Emergency Shelter and NFI assistance in the following areas: 18,000 KP, 20,000 Punjab, 20,000 Sindh, 1,000 PaK and 1,000 Gilgit Baltistan 1. Shelter & NFIs cluster strategy: The shelter cluster s strategy is based on assisting all those whose homes have been seriously damaged or destroyed, to support themselves by providing appropriate covering and structural materials and minimising displacement wherever possible. The transition phase can start immediately where families are able to find land on which to rebuild. 2. The following should be noted with regards to distributions of shelter and non food items: Cash and vouchers should be considered as an option where markets can support the demand; Clean up kits will be provided to individual families and communities to help with removal of mud; Many people may have lost land and so rebuilding their house will not be possible; Specific gender considerations must be integrated in beneficiary selection, distribution and follow on shelter support; There will be a need for winterization of shelters in protracted displacement situations. Operational organisations will need to closely follow displacement patterns so that coverage can be given to the maximum number of families. 3. Coordination with WASH and Health clusters indicates that hygiene kits and mosquito nets will not be covered by the shelter cluster. 4. A rights based approach to assistance will help ensure that humanitarian action is non discriminatory and adequately implemented. 60,000 families Shelter Cluster members, NDMA, Respective PDMAs & District Governments of target districts. USD 21,000,000 (average of USD 350 per affected family) SHELTER & NFIS CLUSTER STRATEGY: The Cluster planning figure for the provision of assistance is currently 300,000 families Location type Emergency phase Transition phase Destroyed houses fixings / Tents, On site Partially damaged houses fixings, fixings, Materials, Spontaneous camps (such as roadsides) Tents, fixings, Longer term solutions to be sought Displaced Host families Collective centres Tents fixings, fixings, Not a transitional option Planned camps Tents fixings, Longer term solutions to be sought 5
Coordination and Monitoring Support IOM seeks support in order to ensure coordination and monitoring responsibilities as Cluster lead are met. Such functions will benefit all shelter & NFI cluster partners through the provision of technical expertise in devising and refining shelter solutions in a manner that is adapted to the evolving situation of the displaced and those who have suffered damage to their houses, information management support and displacement tracking and monitoring throughout the country s affected areas. The latter activity seeks to cover elements pertaining to the coordination and management of the displaced, which has been integrated into the shelter cluster s framework. IOM is working closely with cluster members in order to ensure that adequate coordination support is available on the national, provincial, and district level. An organization chart has been developed in order to reflect the coordination requirements based upon current information available. USD 750,000 Shelter cluster members, NDMA, PDMA Balochistan, KP, Punjab and Sindh UNHCR, OCHA, NDMA and Respective PDMAs Logistics Support A number of cluster partners and donor counterparts have requested IOM support in managing increasingly large volumes of non food items, most of which are shipped into the country via the Islamabad airbase. In order to facilitate the processing of those goods consigned to IOM and shelter cluster partners, transport them to disaster affected areas, stock them, and handle their distribution to beneficiary families in coherent manner, IOM seeks financial support to cover logistical costs associated to these operations, including trucking and warehousing. This intervention will be carried out in close coordination with the logistics cluster, in particular as pertains warehousing arrangements. 500,000 families in need of immediate shelter support Shelter/NFI cluster members, Logistics cluster, NDMA, Respective PDMA, OCHA USD 4,000,000 6
2. COMMUNITYC OMMUNITY-BASED SUPPORT: This Emergency Shelter/NFI Response will be complemented by a multi sectoral approach where labour intensive rehabilitation of community infrastructure will support the local labour market and revive local economies; establishment of mobile health clinics will help bring standard health services within easy reach of affected populations and mass communications activities will augment the impact of various interventions including Shelter/NFI, Health, WASH and Food through group specific communications strategies. Quick Impact Projects (QIPs) and Support to NDMA QIPs will be developed to remove debris and sediments and to repair and restore community infrastructure, including schools, hospitals and clinics, water and electrical systems, road and bridge repair and other government buildings, facilities and offices. These projects, implemented through community participation and using labourintensive methodologies, will have multiple impacts, including restoring basic services, enabling transport and communication, providing short term employment and income and demonstrating a return to normality within the affected communities. IOM also seeks to provide a dedicated platform to support NDMA and in turn the PDMAs through provision of human resources, logistical and rapid procurement support network to handle the recruitment and hiring of additional expertise; provide receipt, transport, warehousing and distribution of in kind relief goods; in addition to rapid procurement of items prioritized by NDMA and currently unavailable within the humanitarian community in country. This provision of support will strengthen the immediate response to flood affected population. 100 flood affected communities/areas, NDMA, PDMA Community Restoration Cluster, WASH Cluster, NDMA, PDMA, District Governments of Target Districts USD 9,000,000 Health: Mobile Clinics and Outreach Services To contribute to the Ministry of Health s efforts in reducing avoidable mortality and morbidity, IOM will support mobile clinics and outreach services which will be capable of providing adequate environment for early detection, diagnosis and treatment of medical conditions such as diarrhea, fever, respiratory infections among others for flood affected populations on site, particularly in their locations of displacement. Mobile medical teams will have the necessary clinical skills, medicines, equipment to provide first aid and life saving interventions, respond to other health emergency needs, as well as address chronic diseases for which the affected populations may not have been able to access treatment due to road or facility closures. The mobile teams will be staffed by local Health Department workers, including female health workers, to ensure they are able to treat the full spectrum of the affected including hard to reach populations. Special focus will be placed on women, children, the elderly and other groups considered vulnerable. Referral of critical cases will be facilitated to functioning nearby health facilities and/or regional hospitals including transportation by local means, as required. USD 1,500,000 110,000 affected households Health Cluster, Ministry of Health, NDMA, PDMA, District Health Departments of Targets Districts 7
Mass Communications IOM has been a reliable mass communications partner for the Government of Pakistan (GoP) for several years, supplying a flexible and responsive mass communication facility to the GoP, the humanitarian community and others in multiple disasters and displacements. In response to this humanitarian situation, information will be sourced from the UN, especially OCHA, international and local NGOs and Pakistan government authorities at local, district and national levels. The information will be presented across various media platforms, including radio, newspapers, television, SMS and printed matter for wide dissemination. This intervention will involve direct support to government actors including the secondment of media and communication specialists and the deployment of social mobilizers at the district level, in order to assist local authorities as they implement formal and informal communication strategies. In addition, a humanitarian call centre has been established in Peshawar, which is staffed with five trained individuals who are responsible for answering queries received at a toll free number. The establishment of the call centre was preceded by a mass information campaign explaining to the public the purpose of the call centre and ensuring that all affected parties have access to the number. Regular feedback of target audiences is sought through information impact assessments conducted in consultation with OCHA and the Humanitarian Country Team (HCT), and with support from international/national NGOs operating in target areas. Additionally, communication structures are assessed in target areas for developing communication strategies that best fulfil the information needs of affected population. Findings of the assessment are shared with partners at the Inter Cluster Coordination Meetings and HCT meetings. The mass communications portion of this project will be implemented throughout the flood affected areas, addressing an estimated four million flood affected beneficiaries. USD 2,000,000 6.5 million flood affected people across Pakistan All Humanitarian Clusters, NDMA, PDMA, District Governments of Targets Districts, beneficiaries 8
SUMMARYUMMARY TABLEABLE OF EMERGENCYMERGENCY APPEALPPEAL FUNDINGUNDING REQUIREMENTSEQUIREMENTS Emergency Shelter/NFI 1.1 Direct Assistance to flood affected population USD 21,000,000 1.2 Cluster coordination, information management and displacement tracking & monitoring USD 750,000 1.3 Logistical support USD 4,000,000 Community based support 2.1 Quick impact projects and Support to NDMA USD 9,000,000 2.2 Mobile Health Clinics USD 1,500,000 2.3 Mass Communications (Social Mobilizers, Radio Campaigns, Newspaper Advertisements) USD 2,000,000 TOTAL FUNDING REQUIREMENTS USD 38,250,000 IOM Contacts: IOM Pakistan: Islamabad, Pakistan +92 51 282 4737 / 287 6948 / 287 3526 / 227 4383 pakistanfloodsresponse@iom.int IOM Geneva: Emergency and Post crisis Division: epc@iom.int +41 22 717 9111 Donor Relations Division: drd@iom.int +41 22 717 9463 9