Rwanda Governance Board Ikigo cy Igihugu Gishinzwe Imiyoborere Office Rwandais de la Gouvernance Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): From Piloting to Implementation: The Case of Goal 16 in Rwandan Context Dr. Felicien Usengumukiza Head of Research and Monitoring Department, RGB Nobleza Hotel, 26 th April 2016
BACKGROUND v Rwanda, one of the two African Countries country chosen to pilot the sustainable development goals (SDGs), on Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions v Recognition of the tremendous efforts that the GoR has placed in entrenching good governance and Rule of law as the foundation for sustainable development and the tangible results that have been achieved v The government assigned the Rwanda Governance Board (RGB)
From Piloting to implementation
MDGs G o a l 1. E r a d i c a t i n g extreme poverty and Hunger G o a l 2. A c h i e v i n g Universal education Goal 3. Promoting gender equality and empower women Selected MDGs Success Drivers Selected success drivers Increase in agriculture production from the crop intensification program; the creation of non-farm employment; the creation of households enterprises, social protection programs through HGIs Education for all (9YBE & 12YBE), Sector -wide development assistance, Political will, quotas in parliament, equal education opportunity for girls, regulatory interventions for cultural and religious impediments to girls education, Goal 4. Reduce Child Mortality Goal 5. Improve maternal health Introducing community health workers, health workers, maternal death audits, mutual health insurance, accessibility to heath services, Introducing community health workers, maternal death audits, mutual health insurance, accessibility to heath services,
Selected MDGs Success Drivers (Cont d) Goal 6. Combat HIV/ AIDS, Malaria and other diseases Goal 7. Ensure e n v i r o n m e n t sustainability Goal 8. Develop a global partnership for development Introducing mother to child transmission prevention services, free HIV testing, free antiretroviral drugs, strong development partners engagement, distribution of mosquito nets, role of community health workers, Programs for reforestation, progressive and radical terracing, mainstreaming green growth strategies in different sectors, improvements in sanitation, Development assistance driven by the government agenda, division of labour, joint action development forums at district levels, joint donor-government coordination of sector working group activities, adequate funds management, attracting investment in mobile phone services provision and in ICT equipment such as fibre optic,
Homegrown initiatives as a key pillar of Good Governance and sustainable development in Rwanda
Some applied HGIs in socio-economic transformation of Rwanda Public Works (Umuganda) Performance Contracts (Imihigo) Participatory socio-economic development mechanism (Ubudehe) One Cow per Family (Girinka)
Some applied HGIs in socio-economic transformation of Rwanda Mediation Committees (Abunzi) School of Civic Education (Itorero) National Leadership Retreat (Umwiherero) National Dialogue (Umushyikirano)
Key Governance Outputs in Rwanda driven by Home-grown initiatives Economic Growth in last decade (2002-2012) 8% Uplifted from poverty level in 5 years 1 million Access to justice 80% Aspiration to Rwandaness Ubunyarwanda 98% Secondary School Completion 82% Net primary Enrollment 92% Access to 9YBE 97% HGIs Resilience of Rwandans Transformational Leadership Public confidence in security organs 96% Timely assets declaration 97% Universal Access to Health Insurance 96% Gender parity in leadership: 64% of Women in the parliament- (World record) Easy Doing Business : 46/188
Rwanda Governance Scorecard (RGS): Localizing global solutions International indicators Home Grown Indicators Over 40 Data sources 4 Satisfaction surveys: CRC, CSODB, RMB, RRB Secondary data, satisfaction & perception surveys RGS RGS: ü 12 out 17 Goals ; ü 7 out of 10 Targets ; ü 34% of all SDGs Targets 8 key indicators; 43 sub indicators, over 150 variables
Why is it important to measure governance? If you don t measure it, you can t improve it. COMPARISON OF RWANDA GOVERNANCE SCORECARD EDITIONS Indicators Rule of Law Political Rights and Civil Liberties Participation and Inclusiveness Safety and Security Investing in Human and Social Development Control of corruption, Transparency and Accountability Quality of Service delivery Economic and Corporate Governance Score RGS 2010 (%) Score RGS 2012 (%) Score RGS edition 2014 (%) 67.71 73.37 81.68 71.43 73.62 77.05 74.23 75.26 75.36 87.26 91.35 91.96 82.41 78.8 81.54 76.22 77.1 79.04 66.21 70.44 72.00 N/A 74.93 72.20
Goal 16 versus RGS: 6 out 10 Targets well captured in RGS No SDGs RGS Target Indicators Sub indicators/variables Safety and Security 1 Significantly reduce all forms of violence and related death rates everywhere 3 Promote the rule of law at the national and international levels, and ensure equal access to justice for all Rule of Law Rule of Law Political Rights & Civil Liberties Level of satisfaction with Personal and Property Safety (%), Homicides rates (per 100,000), Battle death (civilians and combatants) on national territory; GBV cases processes Trust in fairness of the court (%); Performance of the Judiciary (disposal rate. ); Performance of the Prosecution (% of backlog processed), Access to Justice (Abunzi, Legal Aid & MAJ), Rwanda s compliance with UN & other International HR Conventions reporting
Goal 16 Vs RGS (ctd) No Targets 5 S u b s t a n t i a l l y re d u c e corruption and bribery in all its forms 6 Develop effective, accountable and transparent institutions at all levels 7 Ensure responsive, inclusive, participatory and representative decisionmaking at all levels Indicators C o n t r o l o f Corruption, Transparency and Accountability C o n t r o l o f Corruption, Transparency and Accountability Quality of Service delivery Participation and Inclusiveness: Variables RGS Incidence of corruption (, Control of Corruption, Level of bribe free practices in society (%) Timely asset declaration (%); % of annual national budget audited by Office of Auditor General; Confidence in key institutions (security, accountability); Citizen satisfaction in sectors / institutions delivery; Performance of the Justice Sector; Performance of Public Account Committee Levels of Citizen participation (%) Level of CSOs influencing public policy, Gender parity in leadership (%), Power sharing (% of citizen satisfied)
Goal 16 Vs RGS (ctd) Target SDGs 10 Ensure public access to information and protect fundamental freedoms, in accordance with national legislation and international agreements Indicators Political rights and Civil Liberties RGS Sub-indicators Citizen satisfaction in basic freedoms and rights (%), Citizen satisfaction in in respect of democracy principles (%) Vibrancy of CSO & Academia in in public policy formulation, Access to Public Information, Existence of the law on access to Public Information Journalists right to protect their sources % of cases processed by NHRC against those reported
SDGs Implementation: is Citizen s Ownership Possible? The Citizen Report Card (CRC), sample size:11,000 RESPONDENTS; annual Agriculture Health and sanitation Safety and security HGS Impact CRC GBV & other violence... Education Responsivenes s of LG Justice CRC, key to higher levels of accountability & service delivery: CRC counts for 10% of Imihigo for Districts
Conclusion Governance is central to Development, just as Predictability is the mother of security. Rwanda s recent transformation is a testimony to that. Goal 16 is key to SDGs. Out of 17 Goals, 12 are captured in RGS which measures 34% of all SDGs targets and 60% of Goal 16; Rwanda s experience is rich of lessons: while RGS can be considered as domestication framework for SDGs implementation, CRC brings in probably the most important ingredients: citizen perspective and ownership. Going forward to implementation: Full integration of SDGs in elaboration of EDPRS 3 and Vision 2050.
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