Russian Federation (1) Migration stocks and flows Emigrant Stocks Table 1: Stock of emigrants in 2010 (thousands) Destination Immigrant stock CIS Ukraine 3,684.20 Kazakhstan 2,226.70 Belarus 680.5 Uzbekistan 404.4 Latvia 203.9 Tajikistan 191.8 Moldova 147.8 EU Germany 299.6 Other Israel 712.3 United States 421.5 Other countries 2,062.10 Total 11,034.70 Note: Data is for foreign born population in the destination country. Foreign nationality data is used where this data is not available. Source: Migration and Remittances Factbook 2011 Table 2: Stock of Russian emigrants by destination and by educational attainment, 2000 (persons) Destination Low Medium High Total America 23,375 61,467 199,933 284,775 Europe (including EU15) 117,428 58,999 74,381 250,808 EU15 78,075 36,905 55,913 170,893 Asia and Oceania 7,403 7,746 14,776 29,925 Note: Low primary or 0 8 years of education; Medium secondary or 9 12 years of education; High tertiary or 13 years or more of education. This data is for migrants of age 25+ in most cases.
Source: Docquier, Frédéric and Abdeslam Marfouk, International Migration by Educational Attainment Release 1.1. March 2005. Table 3: Emigration of Physicians, stocks Year Number of physician emigrants Number of physicians in Russian Federation Medical Brain Drain 1991 40 36,458 0.10% 1992 56 37,168 0.20% 1993 67 41,736 0.20% 1994 78 42,365 0.20% 1995 98 42,352 0.20% 1996 107 43,543 0.20% 1997 125 44,157 0.30% 1998 144 44,618 0.30% 1999 153 45,674 0.30% 2000 165 45,817 0.40% 2001 186 44,831 0.40% 2002 201 44,628 0.40% 2003 219 44,430 0.50% 2004 243 44,430 0.50% Source: Bhargava, Alok, Frédéric Docquier and Yasser Moullan. Revised panel data set on physician emigration (1991 2004). February 2010. Immigrant Stocks Table 4: Immigrant stock in 2010 (foreign born, thousands) Origin Immigrant stock CIS Ukraine 3,647.2 Kazakhstan 2,648.3 Belarus 958.7 Uzbekistan 940.5 Azerbaijan 866.8 Georgia 644.4 Armenia 493.1 Kyrgyz Republic 474.9 Tajikistan 392.4 Moldova 284.3 Other Other countries 919.6 Total 12,270.4 Source: Migration and Remittances Factbook 2011 Note: This data is based on the 2002 Russian Census.
Migration flows Table 5: Immigration flows, thousands 2000 2005 2010 CIS Ukraine 75 31 28 Uzbekistan 41 30 24 Kazakhstan 125 52 28 Armenia 16 8 20 Tajikistan 11 5 18 Kyrgyzstan 16 16 21 Azerbaijan 15 5 15 Moldova 12 7 12 Belarus 10 7 5 Turkmenistan 7 4 2 Other countries 33 14 17 Total arrivals 359 177 192 Source: Russian Federation Federal State Statistics Service (www.gks.ru). http://www.gks.ru/bgd/regl/b11_12/isswww.exe/stg/d01/05 08.htm Refugee population Table 6: Refugees, asylum seekers, internally displaced persons Country of asylum: Russian Federation Country of origin: Russian Federation Refugees 109,784 3,914 People in refugee like situations 1.. Total refugees and people in refugee like situations 109,785 3,914 Asylum seekers (pending cases) 11,761 962 Returned refugees 41 41 IDPs protected/ assisted by UNHCR, incl. people in IDP like situations 28,450 28,450 Returned IDPs 166 166 Stateless persons.. 178000 Various 14234 10246 Total population of concern 164,437 221,779 Source: UNHCR 2011 Global Trends (June 2012)
(2) Remittance flows and channels Remittance flows Table 7: Quarterly remittance flows (BPM5 Framework)* Inflows Outflows (US $, millions) 2009 Q1 177.3 776.9 287.5 1,241.6 978.4 2,600.1 130.8 3,709.3 2009 Q2 175.7 845.6 342.9 1,364.2 1,376.1 3,029.6 153.6 4,559.3 2009 Q3 197.0 840.5 323.4 1,360.9 1,813.6 3,399.1 208.8 5,421.6 2009 Q4 225.3 862.8 304.0 1,392.1 1,758.4 3,164.4 165.7 5,088.6 2010 Q1 159.4 812.1 277.3 1,248.7 898.8 2,392.9 129.8 3,421.5 2010 Q2 186.3 957.1 233.5 1,376.8 1,296.2 2,964.4 182.5 4,443.1 2010 Q3 192.8 918.2 194.4 1,305.3 1,866.8 3,576.2 233.0 5,676.0 2010 Q4 224.6 932.1 176.1 1,332.8 1,859.2 3,197.5 198.3 5,255.0 2011 Q1 207.1 923.1 156.0 1,286.2 1,403.1 2,782.9 168.8 4,354.7 2011 Q2 293.0 1,039.0 184.5 1,516.6 2,100.7 3,552.6 242.4 5,895.8 2011 Q3 261.7 941.3 190.7 1,393.7 2,664.0 3,577.4 296.6 6,538.0 2011 Q4 262.9 1,022.9 184.4 1,470.2 2,261.9 3,474.5 205.5 5,941.9 Source: IMF Balance of Payments Database * BPM5: The fifth edition of the Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Manual was published in 1993 and serves as the standard framework for statistics on the transactions and positions between an economy and the rest of the world. Table 8: Annual remittance flows (BPM5 Framework)* (US $, millions) Inflows Outflows 2001 362.7 623.7 416.5 1,402.9 421.3 493.4 908.3 1,823.0 2002 231.7 704.3 423.4 1,359.4 788.4 507.1 930.8 2,226.3 2003 300.2 813.5 339.3 1,453.0 1,306.5 957.6 969.2 3,233.3 2004 925.2 1,206.3 363.6 2,495.1 2,671.7 1,464.0 1,052.3 5,188.0 2005 621.4 1,807.1 583.2 3,011.7 3,051.4 2,939.9 1,016.6 7,007.9 2006 766.3 1,899.0 678.5 3,343.7 4,587.3 6,066.8 813.0 11,467.0 2007 851.5 2,612.7 1,249.1 4,713.4 6,942.5 9,930.6 889.6 17,762.6 2008 801.9 3,791.8 1,439.3 6,033.0 7,263.7 18,148.9 910.4 26,322.9 2009 775.2 3,325.8 1,257.8 5,358.7 5,926.6 12,193.3 658.9 18,778.8 2010 763.0 3,619.4 881.2 5,263.7 5,920.9 12,131.1 743.6 18,795.5 2011 1,024.6 3,926.4 715.6 5,666.6 8,429.6 13,387.4 913.4 22,730.4 Source: IMF Balance of Payments Database
* BPM5: The fifth edition of the Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Manual was published in 1993 and serves as the standard framework for statistics on the transactions and positions between an economy and the rest of the world. Table 9: Annual remittance flows (BPM6 Framework)* Inflows Outflows n.a. n.a. Personal n.a. n.a. o.w. Workers n.a. n.a. Personal n.a. n.a. Total n.a. n.a. Total and n.a. n.a. Note: This section is currently blank but will be filled when BPM6 is implemented in Russian Federation * BPM6: The sixth edition of the Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Manual was published in 2007 and is currently being implemented by countries around the world. Table 10: Personal Remittances from Russia to CIS countries (millions of US dollars) Q1 2010 Q2 2010 Q3 2010 Q4 2010 Q1 2011 Q2 2011 Q3 2011 Q4 2011 AZERBAIJAN, REP. OF 166 203 250 247 168 237 293 257 ARMENIA, REP. OF 126 193 296 289 172 280 402 342 BELARUS 71 82 124 134 100 117 122 118 KAZAKHSTAN 33 41 55 91 64 78 79 70 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC 235 280 363 373 278 364 408 357 MOLDOVA 217 313 413 402 313 409 482 443 TAJIKISTAN 357 533 702 599 467 717 851 717 TURKMENISTAN 5 5 7 7 4 6 7 6 UZBEKISTAN 589 967 1242 1036 816 1279 1500 1313 UKRAINE 429 539 743 765 584 816 898 810 CIS countries 2,228 3,157 4,196 3,943 2,967 4,302 5,041 4,434 Source: Central Bank of Russia http://www.cbr.ru/eng/statistics/print.aspx?file=crossborder/personal%20remittances_cis_e.htm&pid=svs&sid=i TM_43505 Channels of flows providers Information flows through commercial banks, post offices, savings cooperatives, microfinance institutions, mobile money is currently unavailable. Remittance costs Information on the cost of sending to Russian Federation is currently not available. Cost of sending from Russia is in the profiles of respective countries. (3) Regulations pertaining to migration &
Table 11: Regulations pertaining to migration Immigration topic Regulation Institutions responsible for immigration Federal Migration Service (www.fms.gov.ru), Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation (www.mid.ru) Immigration regulations and laws Federal Law #115 On Legal Status of Foreign Citizens in the Russian Federation, latest amendments as of May, 2010 (http://www.fms.gov.ru/law/860/details/37221/) Immigration quotas by nationality of There are quotas set annually for the number of work origin permits to be granted to foreigners. On the basis of demand for foreign workers by each region of Russia the federal government defines a limited number of work permits to be granted to foreigners. However, not all foreigners are obliged to get work permit. For example, citizens of Belarus can work without prior obtaining work permit. For 2011 the quota was 1,745,584 work permits. Also there are quotas for number of temporary residence permits. Types of visas available for immigrants Private, business, humanitarian, study, work. Types of occupations in which immigrants are not allowed Foreigners are not allowed to be hired to work in retail sector including alcohol retail, pharmacy, out door markets. Emigration topic Institutions responsible for emigration Restrictions on emigration Cost of passports and visas Dual citizenship Regulation Ministry of Foreign Affairs (www.mid.ru), Government Commission on Compatriots Living Abroad Not available State tax for issuing a foreign passport is 1000 2500 Rubles Yes, but with a limited number of countries on the basis of international agreements. Table 12: Regulations pertaining to Remittances topic Regulation Institutions responsible for monitoring Central Bank of Russia (www.cbr.ru) and regulating Types of private sector firms allowed to Money transfer firms, private commercial banks, stateowned banks, and post offices. perform inward and outward remittance transactions Reporting requirement for data by commercial banks and other types of remittance service providers Restrictions on inward/outward Anti money laundering and combating the financing of terrorism (AML CFT) requirements Quarterly reports of transaction amounts and country. However the requirement varies by type of remittance service provider. Not available Not available