ENGLISH PR GRAM DIGSPES JURISPRUDENCE AND POLITICAL, ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL SCIENCES

ENGLISH PR GRAM DIGSPES JURISPRUDENCE AND POLITICAL, ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL SCIENCES 2017 PAGE 1

CURRENT AFFAIRS KNOW THE WORLD AROUND YOU PAGE 2

BACKGROUND TO THIS WORLD NEWS EVENT PAGE 3

SPAIN IN CRISIS AFTER OCTOBER S CATALAN VOTE DIGSPES The Spanish region of Catalonia has voted for independence in an unofficial referendum. What is a referendum? What does to vote for independence mean? http://www.bbc.co.uk/learningenglish/english /course/newsreview/unit-1/session-6 PAGE 4

LET S LISTEN PAGE 5

LISTEN AND COMPLETE THE SENTENCES Catalans are going on strike today to protest the violence that marred the region s recent independence referendum. Catalonia's regional government says over 90% of voters opted for independence, yet only 40% of Catalans actually voted. PAGE 6

READ THIS SUMMARY OF THE NEWS EVENT Catalans are going on strike today to protest the violence that marred the region s recent independence referendum. Catalonia's regional government says over 90% of voters opted for independence, yet only 40% of Catalans actually voted. THINK OF A SYNONYM / EXPLANATION FOR EACH UNDERLINED WORD. PAGE 7

LISTEN AND ANSWER THESE QUESTIONS 1. What does the speaker say a referendum is? THE PUBLIC MAKE THEIR OPINION KNOWN ON A PARTICULAR ISSUE KNOWN BY GOING TO A VOTING STATION AND SAYING WHAT THEY FEEL. 2. What is an unofficial referendum? ONE THAT IS NOT RECOGNISED BY THE GOVERNMENT. 3. Why were the police sent to Catalonia? TO TRY AND STOP THE REFERENDUM FROM HAPPENING. PAGE 8

LET S LISTEN PAGE 9

LISTEN TO THE EXPLANATION PAGE 10

LISTEN TO THE EXPLANATION PAGE 11

LISTEN TO THE EXPLANATION PAGE 12

CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER FROM THE LISTENING PAGE 13

MATCH A, B, C TO ITS DEFINITION 1. map out 2. goes it alone 3. step back from the brink a) decide against an action which may have a bad result b) make a detailed plan c) does something on its own, without help from others PAGE 14

WHAT DO YOU THINK THIS MEANS? Listen to the speaker discuss the following expression and choose the best meaning 'to put something on the map': a) to find somewhere b) to draw a location c) to make something famous c) to make something famous PAGE 15

NEW LANGUAGE PRACTICE USING THE CONTEXT TO HELP YOU PAGE 16

CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER This is a really risky moment. I think you should and think about the consequences. a) map out b) go it alone c) step back from the brink c) step back from the brink PAGE 17

CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER After years of complaining about her company, Marta decided to and become a freelancer. a) step back from the brink b) go it alone c) map out b) go it alone PAGE 18

CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER While most students are competitive and ambitious, Alex had his whole career before he was 16. a) went it alone b) mapped out c) stepped back from the brink b) mapped out PAGE 19

WHERE IS CATALONIA? PAGE 20

NEW LANGUA CATALONIA PAGE 21

WHAT IS CATALONIA? PAGE 22

COMPLETE WITH THE CORRECT WORDS Catalonia is an region in northeast Spain with a history back almost 1,000 years. The wealthy region has its own language, parliament, flag and. It also has its own police force and some of its. ANTHEM DATING AUTONOMOUS CONTROLS PUBLIC DISTINCT PAGE 23

WHAT IS THE CONTROVERSY ABOUT CATALONIA? PAGE 24

COMPLETE WITH THE CORRECT ANSWER Catalonia's independence has a constitutional crisis in Spain. Here are six charts which help to explain in Catalonia, and why it. There were when Spanish national police tried to people attending stations. POLLING PROMPTED MATTERS POLL CLASHES CONTROVERSIAL PREVENT WHAT S GOING ON PAGE 25

INFORMATION + INTERPRETATION PAGE 26

COMPARATIVES AND SUPERLATIVES WHAT DO YOU REMEMBER? ONE-SYLLABLE ADJECTIVES ADD ER TALL > TALLER, LONG > LONGER ENDS WITH A VOWEL + SINGLE CONSONANT DOUBLE THE CONSONANT AND ADD ER BIG BIGGER, THIN THINNER ENDS WITH Y CHANGE THE Y TO I + ADD ER HAPPY > HAPPIER, PRETTY > PRETTIER PAGE 27

COMPARATIVES AND SUPERLATIVES WHAT DO YOU REMEMBER? TWO-SYLLABLE ADJECTIVES USE MORE INTERESTING > MORE INTERESTING DANGEROUS > MORE DANGEROUS IRREGULAR ADJECTIVES GOOD > BETTER BAD > WORSE FAR > FARTHER LITTLE > LESS MANY > MORE PAGE 28

FORMING COMPARATIVE SENTENCES TO MAKE A COMPARISON, USE: COMPARATIVE ADECTIVE + THAN FOR AN EQUAL COMPARISON, USE: AS + ADJECTIVE + AS EVEREST IS HIGHER THAN THE MATTERHORN. GORILLAS ARE MORE INTELLIGENT THAN COWS. TIGERS AREN T AS FAST AS CHEETAHS. LA PAZ ISN T AS CROWDED AS MEXICO CITY. PAGE 29

SUPERLATIVES ONE-SYLLABLE ADJECTIVES ADD EST TALL > THE TALLEST, LONG > THE LONGEST ENDS WITH A VOWEL + SINGLE CONSONANT DOUBLE THE CONSONANT AND ADD EST HOT HOTTER, THIN THE THINNEST ENDS WITH Y CHANGE THE Y TO I + ADD EST HAPPY > THE HAPPIEST, PRETTY > THE PRETTIEST PAGE 30

SUPERLATIVES ONE-SYLLABLE ADJECTIVES ADD EST TALL > THE TALLEST, LONG > THE LONGEST ENDS WITH A VOWEL + SINGLE CONSONANT DOUBLE THE CONSONANT AND ADD EST HOT HOTTER, THIN THE THINNEST ENDS WITH Y CHANGE THE Y TO I + ADD EST HAPPY > THE HAPPIEST, PRETTY > THE PRETTIEST PAGE 31

SUPERLATIVES TWO-SYLLABLE ADJECTIVES USE THE MOST INTERESTING > THE MOST INTERESTING DANGEROUS > THE MOST DANGEROUS IRREGULAR ADJECTIVES GOOD > BETTER > THE BEST BAD > WORSE > THE WORST FAR > FARTHER > THE FARTHEST LITTLE > LESS > THE LEAST MANY > MORE > THE MOST PAGE 32

YOUR TURN EXERCISES PAGE 33

COMPLETE WITH THE CORRECT WORDS 1. THE (HOT) DESERT OF ALL IS THE SAHARA IN AFRICA. 2. SPAIN IS (FAR) FROM HOME THAN FRANCE. 3. MY HEALTH IS (GOOD) THAN 5 YEARS AGO. 4. I'VE GOT (LITTLE) MONEY THAN YOU BUT I CAN AFFORD TO GO TO THE CINEMA WITH YOU. 5. CHINESE IS (COMPLEX) LANGUAGE IN THE WORLD. 6. VALENCIA PLAYED (BAD) YESTERDAY THAN LAST WEEK. 7. CATS ARE NOT (INTELLIGENT) DOGS. PAGE 34

COMPLETE WITH THE CORRECT WORDS 8. I THINK YOU MUST TELL ME (GOOD) WAY TO DO THIS, OTHERWISE IT WILL TAKE AGES TO FINISH. 9. MY SISTER ANNE HAD A (TIDY) ROOM THAN ME WHEN WE WERE CHILDREN. 10. WHO IS (TALKATIVE) PERSON IN CLASS? 11. I M QUITE HEALTHY, HOWEVER, MY BEST FRIEND IS (HEALTHY). 12. I THINK IT COULD BE TRUE (FRIENDLY) PEOPLE ARE USUALLY (POPULAR). AND (FRIENDLY) PEOPLE ARE (QUIET). PAGE 35

USING GRAPHS FOR INFORMATION PAGE 36

USING GRAPHS TO COMMUNICATE...AND THE LANGUAGE THEY REQUIRE GRAPHS AND CHARTS CONDENSE LARGE AMOUNTS OF INFORMATION INTO EASY-TO-UNDERSTAND FORMATS THAT CLEARLY, EFFECTIVELY COMMUNICATE IMPORTANT POINTS PAGE 37

INTERPRET THIS GRAPH MEANING PAGE 38

COMPLETE WITH: 43% HALF 90% These results were provided by the Catalan government. Though of voters backed independence, only of those eligible cast a ballot. Fewer than of the electorate registered a vote for independence on 1 st October 2017. That poll went ahead despite being suspended by Spain s Constitutional Court. PAGE 39

WRITE SOME COMPARISONS Valencia PAGE 40

HOW MANY IN CATALONIA SPEAK CATALAN? Most people who speak Catalan are from Valencia in the south (although is not a part of Catalonia). The smallest region (Barcelona) speaks the least Catalan, while the second smallest speaks the Valencia greatest percentage of Catalan. Catalan is spoken by fifty to seventy percent of the people in the northern regions of Catalonia. Fewer than three people in ten / Less than onethird of people / speak Catalan in Barcelona. PAGE 41

CATALONIA: 4 TH HIGHEST GDP IN SPAIN PAGE 42

CHOOSE THE CORRECT OPTION(S) Catalonia has the four / fourth / the fourth highest GDP in Spain. Catalonia is a comparatively / quite / rather wealthy corner of north-east Spain. With just 19% of the population, it accounts of / by / for more that / than / of a quarter of the country's exports / country exports / exports of the country. It is also one of the more rich / rich / richer parts of the country per capita. PAGE 43

WRITE THE CORRECT COMPARATIVE FORM Catalonia contributes (more, taxes) it receives in public spending. Some say this is unjust, but the Spanish government argues that (wealth, regions) should help to support (poor) ones. PAGE 44

2016 FOREIGN EXPORTS BY REGION TOTAL EXPORTS IN MILLIONS OF EUROS PAGE 45

WHAT DO YOU THINK THIS CHART IS ABOUT? PAGE 46

WHAT DO YOU THINK THIS CHART IS ABOUT? What do these represent? What do these refer to? What about these purple bars? And the y-axis scale? Write sentences to explain the graph. Use different grammatical constructions. PAGE 47

ANSWERS Most Cava wine is exported to EU countries other than Spain. Catalonia exports more bottles of Cava to the EU than what they sell in all of Spain. Less than 25% of all Cava exports are to non-eu countries. PAGE 48

PUBLIC DEBT JUNE 2017 Catalonia's debt is (3 rd, high) It's (1 st, in-debt) autonomous region in Spain. Around (5 euros : 7 euros) are owed to the Spanish government. PAGE 49

WHAT ARE SOME CONSEQUENCES IF CATALONIA IS SUCCESSFUL IN BECOMING INDEPENDENT OF SPAIN? PAGE 50

CONSEQUENCES CATALAN INDEPENDENCE If Catalonia becomes independent, it would start its new life outside of the EU bloc. Catalonia would probably not be one of the EU member states because Spain would probably have a veto on its membership. Not being an EU member states means serious financial difficulty for Catalonia because twothirds of exports go to other EU countries. Catalonia exports more bottles of Cava to the EU than are sold in the whole of Spain. PAGE 51

STUDY HARD, PRACTISE AND ENJOY ENGLISH! PAGE 52