A Winning Middle Class Reform Government & Politics Message December 16, 2015
Methodology National Survey of 900 Likely 2016 Voters. This survey took place December 5-9, 2015. Respondents who voted in the 2012 election or registered since were selected from the national voter file. Likely voters were determined based on stated intention of voting in 2016. Data shown in this deck is among all 2016 likely voters unless otherwise noted. Margin of error for the full sample is +/-3.27 percentage points at 95% confidence. Margin of error will be higher among subgroups. 60 percent of respondents were reached by cell phone, in order to account for ever-changing demographics and accurately sample the full American electorate. 1
Cell phones matter Now, thinking again about the election for President in 2016, if the election for President were held today, would you vote for -- [ROTATE CANDIDATES] Democrat Hillary Clinton or Republican Donald Trump? / Thinking about the election for Congress in 2016, if the election for U.S. Congress were held today, would you be voting for [NAMED] the Democratic candidate or the Republican candidate? Presidential Vote Congressional Vote +8 +17 +11 +11 41 49 55 38 42 53 49 38 Clinton Trump/ Clinton Trump/ Dem. Rep. Dem. Rep. Clinton Romney Rep. ClintonBush/Romney Rep. ClintonWalker/Rubio Clinton Trump Landline Cell Phone Landline Cell Phone 2
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Wrong track means voters voting for change Generally speaking, do you think that things in this country are going in the right direction, or do you feel things have gotten pretty seriously off on the wrong track? Right Direction Wrong Track 2011 75 2012 2012 2014 Election 76 2014 Election 56 58 59 65 58 61 76 69 65 59 59 60 58 6255 55 52 59 64 68 63 65 69 68 68 61 61 63 65 42 39 3940 33 36 29 26 33 28 19 16 15 34 33 32 29 32 36 32 28 23 18 29 27 26 23 25 32 31 30 29 Jan-11 Jun-11 Nov-11 Apr-12 Sep-12 Feb-13 Jul-13 Dec-13 May-14 Oct-14 Mar-15 Aug-15 Dec-15 From Democracy Corps surveys conducted in the past 4 years. Data represents MEAN ratings. 4
And white working class and unmarried women want change Generally speaking, do you think that things in this country are going in the right direction, or do you feel things have gotten pretty seriously off on the wrong track? Right Direction Wrong Track -36-10 -18-24 -36-39 -52-67 74 81 65 51 55 57 64 65 29 41 37 33 28 26 22 14 Total Millennials RAE Unmarried Women Independents White Unmarried Women White Non- College Women White Non- College Men 5
Republican, McConnell and Trump brands at shocking low Now, I'd like to rate your feelings toward some people and organizations, with one hundred meaning a VERY WARM, FAVORABLE feeling; zero meaning a VERY COLD, UNFAVORABLE feeling; and fifty meaning not particularly warm or cold. Very warm (75-100) Very cool (0-25) 51.3 49.2 42.9 46.3 47.1 41.7 37.6 31.8 35.2 Net: +9 51 Net: +6 Net: -6 Net: -3 Net: -4 Net: -17 Net: -26 Net: -38 Net: -30 45 42 39 34 33 27 26 35 22 22 17 16 13 8 13 34 29 29 26 40 36 39 54 16 3 32 42 39 Barack Obama Dem Party 48 Hillary Clinton 42 The Dem Congress 38 Paul Ryan 50 53 GOP Party The GOP Congress 64 Donald Trump 46 Mitch McConnell 6
Majority of Republicans favorable to Trump, a quarter strongly Now, I'd like to rate your feelings toward some people and organizations, with one hundred meaning a VERY WARM, FAVORABLE feeling; zero meaning a VERY COLD, UNFAVORABLE feeling; and fifty meaning not particularly warm or cold. 31.8 Net: -38 Net: +24 55 26 22 13 5 27 54 Very warm (75-100) Very cool (0-25) 11.6 82 Donald Trump 30.6 Net: -84 Net: -44 57 57.7 19 31 64 89 66 Total Democrats Independents Republicans 7
Improved image with independents and white working class women, but polarization. White unmarried women stable and even Now, I'd like to rate your feelings toward some people and organizations, with one hundred meaning a VERY WARM, FAVORABLE feeling; zero meaning a VERY COLD, UNFAVORABLE feeling; and fifty meaning not particularly warm or cold. 41.1 Net: -12 42.9 Net: -6 66.9 Net: +56 70.6 Net: +64 Very warm (75-100) Very cool (0-25) 55.8 Net: +27 56.7 Net: +25 Hillary Clinton 34.2 Net: -26 70 75 59 55 38 42 47 47 31 37 37 21 27 19 18 22 34 44 31 32 13 14 8 7 10 20 17 25 6 6 22 22 40 40 29 14 48 42 31 11 56 45 46 64 32 30 41 50 48 42 57 51 56 51 68 73 Sept Dec Sept Dec Sept Dec Sept Dec Sept Dec Sept Dec Sept Dec 39.8 Net: -14 28.2 Net: -47 24.0 Net: -54 35.0 Net: -29 40.3 Net: -14 48.2 Net: +6 49.2 Net: +5 Total Democrats Unmarried Women Independents White Non- College Men White Non- College Women White Unmarried Women 8
RAE s relatively low engagement compared to non-rae, white working class men, conservatives poses serious threat How interested are you in the November, 2016 elections for President, U.S. Congress and other state and local offices? Please rate your interest from one to ten, with one meaning that you have no interest in this election and ten meaning that you are extremely interested. Of course, you can choose any number between one and ten. 76 73 72 71 70 % 10 - Extremely Interested 61 60 59 58 58 56 55 52 44 43 9
2016 10
Clinton vote holds at 50 percent, while Trump/Republican at 42 percent Now, thinking again about the election for President in 2016, if the election for President were held today, would you vote for -- [ROTATE CANDIDATES] Democrat Hillary Clinton or Republican Donald Trump? +6 +10 +8 +9 +8 48 51 50 52 50 42 41 42 43 42 Clinton Romney ClintonRomney Clinton Bush / Bush/Romney Romney Clinton Rubio / Clinton Trump/ Clinton Trump/ Clinton Walker/Rubio Clinton Trump Clinton Trump Walker Republican Republican November 2014 January 2015 June 2015 September 2015 December 2015 In November, Republican Candidate was Mitt Romney, in January it rotated between Mitt Romney/Jeb Bush, in June it rotated between Scott Walker/Marco Rubio, and in September and December Donald Trump was the Republican Candidate and self-identifying Republicans and Republican-leaning independents who volunteered another candidate were allocated to the Trump/Republican candidate category. 11
Clinton vote against Trump driven by RAE and highest vote with unmarried women Now, thinking again about the election for President in 2016, if the election for President were held today, would you vote for -- [ROTATE CANDIDATES] Democrat Hillary Clinton or Republican Donald Trump? +37 +47 +56 +44 +39 65 71 75 69 63 28 24 19 25 24 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Clinton 1 Trump/ 2 3 Clinton 4 Trump/ 5 6 Clinton 7 Trump/ 8 9 Clinton 10 Trump/ 11 12 Clinton 13 Trump/ 14 Republican Republican Republican Republican Republican RAE Unmarried Women 0 Minorities Millennials White Seculars 12
Millennial generation accounts for Clinton margin Now, thinking again about the election for President in 2016, if the election for President were held today, would you vote for -- [ROTATE CANDIDATES] Democrat Hillary Clinton or Republican Donald Trump? +44 +7 +5 +10 69 48 48 41 43 44 54 25 Clinton Romney Trump/ ClintonBush/Romney Trump/ ClintonWalker/Rubio Trump/ Clinton Trump/ Republican Republican Republican Republican Millennials Gen X Baby Boomers Silent/Greatest 13
Pay attention to the marriage gap Now, thinking again about the election for President in 2016, if the election for President were held today, would you vote for -- [ROTATE CANDIDATES] Democrat Hillary Clinton or Republican Donald Trump? Gender Gap: +33 Marital Gap: +39 +28 +5 +27 +12 58 49 44 60 41 53 30 33 Clinton Romney Trump/ ClintonBush/Romney Trump/ ClintonWalker/Rubio Trump/ Clinton Trump/ Republican Republican Republican Republican White Men White Women White Unmarried Women White Married Women 14
Large education divides, especially among the men Now, thinking again about the election for President in 2016, if the election for President were held today, would you vote for -- [ROTATE CANDIDATES] Democrat Hillary Clinton or Republican Donald Trump? +49 +5 +20 +8 +47 +14 +6 72 69 41 46 54 34 38 46 53 39 45 51 23 22 White High School or Less White College Grads White Post- Grads White College Men White Non- College Men White College Women White Non- College Women 15
Named congressional Democrat trails Clinton presidential margin and vote Now, thinking again about the election for President in 2016, if the election for President were held today, would you vote for -- [ROTATE CANDIDATES] Democrat Hillary Clinton or Republican Donald Trump? / Thinking about the election for Congress in 2016, if the election for U.S. Congress were held today, would you be voting for [NAMED] the Democratic candidate or the Republican candidate? +8 +2 50 42 46 44 Clinton 0 0 0 0 1 Trump/ 2 3 Democrat 4 Republican 5 6 7 Republican Clinton but not Presidential Vote Congressional Vote Congressional Dem 11 16
Unmarried women highest support for Clinton, but room to grow down-ballot How interested are you in the November, 2016 elections for President, U.S. Congress and other state and local offices? Please rate your interest from one to ten, with one meaning that you have no interest in this election and ten meaning that you are extremely interested. Of course, you can choose any number between one and ten. Unmarried Women Dem Rep +40 +40 +16 +32 +34 +22 +36 +47 69 70 29 30 57 41 65 67 33 33 38 60 61 71 25 24 Congress President Congress Congress President Congress Congress President 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 NOTE: Data for 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014 from dcorps post-election surveys. 17
White millennials give highest support yet for Democrats How interested are you in the November, 2016 elections for President, U.S. Congress and other state and local offices? Please rate your interest from one to ten, with one meaning that you have no interest in this election and ten meaning that you are extremely interested. Of course, you can choose any number between one and ten. White Millennials Dem Rep +5 +13 +2 +18 +9 +2 +14 +24 52 56 47 43 47 49 58 53 40 44 49 47 51 59 37 35 Congress President Congress Congress President Congress Congress President 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 NOTE: Data for 2008, 2010, 2012 for white 18-29 year olds from dcorps post-election surveys. 18
Independents giving Democrats best result in years Now, thinking again about the election for President in 2016, if the election for President were held today, would you vote for -- [ROTATE CANDIDATES] Democrat Hillary Clinton or Republican Donald Trump? / Thinking about the election for Congress in 2016, if the election for U.S. Congress were held today, would you be voting for [NAMED] the Democratic candidate or the Republican candidate? Independents 48 48 45 38 40 39 Democratic Republican approve Approve Disapprove dis Clinton Romney Trump Candidate dem Candidate rep Obama Job Approval Presidential Vote Congressional Vote 19
WVWV MIDDLE CLASS GOVERNMENT REFORM 20
Democratic economic agenda favored over Republican plan with intensity Now I am going to read you some things lawmakers from different parties have proposed to deal with the economy. From what you know, which plan for the economy do you favor, the Democratic plan or the Republican plan? DEMOCRATS propose: -to protect Medicare and Social Security from any cut in benefits; -to protect working women by ensuring equal pay to men; -to help working mothers by providing 3 months of paid family leave, more paid sick days, and access to affordable childcare; -to make college affordable by reducing student debt and providing free tuition at community colleges; - to make sure jobs pay enough by raising the minimum wage to 12 dollars and empowering workers to bargain for better wages -and to create millions of good paying jobs by investing in a long-term infrastructure plan. OR REPUBLICANS propose: -to cut taxes and regulations on businesses to create jobs; -to build the Keystone XL pipeline which will create thousands of jobs; -to cut welfare spending by cutting payments on those who refuse to work; -to close our borders to protect workers from unfair competition from illegal immigrants who depress wages; -to eliminate the 500 billion dollar a year deficit and pay down the 17 trillion dollar federal debt; -and to repeal and replace Obamacare which costs our economy 716 billion dollars a year, is increasing insurance rates and gives small businesses an incentive NOT to hire more employees. Dem Plan Strongly Rep Plan Strongly 51 38 30 44 21
Opportunity with white unmarried & working class women Now I am going to read you some things lawmakers from different parties have proposed to deal with the economy. From what you know, which plan for the economy do you favor, the Democratic plan or the Republican plan? Dem plan strongly Rep plan strongly +7 +8 +34 +44 +24 +1 70 65 60 51 49 50 38 31 48 58 51 38 30 44 41 Total 22 19 16 23 Independent 31 RAE 26 Unmarried Women 36 White Unmarried Women 36 49 White Non College Women 22
Campaign transparency and Medicare fraud top Dem reforms Now I am going to read you some things DEMOCRATS have proposed to make sure taxpayers get their money's worth and to make sure government works for them. After each item, please tell me whether that policy makes you feel much more positive about their plan, somewhat more positive, a little more positive, or not at all positive. CAMPAIGN $ TRANSPARENCY: Get rid of secret money in our political system by requiring full disclosure and transparency of all political money raised or spent in a campaign immediately online for all to see. MEDICARE FRAUD: Crack down on Medicare fraud which costs taxpayers up to $250 billion a year and threatens the long-term solvency of the Medicare system AUDIT GOV. TRANSPARENCY: Immediately audit the entire federal government and publish spending online so voters know where every taxpayer dollar is spent END TAX BREAKS: Eliminate the trillion dollars in tax breaks and subsidies that primarily benefit the richest 10 percent SMALL DONORS: Prevent the wealthy and big corporations from spending unlimited amounts of money on elections and empower small donors by matching small contributions from voters ELIMINATE UNEFFECTIVE PROGRAMS: Evaluate every government program for effectiveness and abolish those that don't help many people and people can't afford WASTE REDUCTION BOARD: Establish an independent government waste reduction board to review government spending and propose legislation to root out waste by eliminating duplicative programs SIMPLIFY TAX CODE: Simplify the tax code for lower income and middle class families which have become so complex that over 6 billion hours a year are spent just filing out tax forms 57 55 46 43 42 41 39 38 81 80 73 68 64 73 72 68 23
Money reforms and simplifying taxes for the middle class shift vote towards Democrats WVWVAF Reform Policies on Congressional Re-vote Estimated percentage difference in likelihood of voting for the Democratic Congressional candidate 24
But simplifying the tax code and waste reduction board raise interest in voting WVWVAF Reform Policies on Interest Re-ask Estimated percentage difference in likelihood of being extremely interested in the election 25
Balanced budget amendment tops GOP list of reforms Now I am going to read you some things REPUBLICANS have proposed to make sure taxpayers get their money's worth and to make sure government works for them. After each item, please tell me whether that policy makes you feel much more positive about their plan, somewhat more positive, a little more positive, or not at all positive. BALANCED BUDGET: Pass an amendment to the Constitution requiring Congress to balance the budget every year 44 69 WELFARE REFORM: Crack down on welfare and other assistance for people who refuse to work, which now cost taxpayers 235 billion dollars a year and encourages people to avoid finding a job 42 62 NO ASSISTANCE FOR UNDOC. IMMIGRANTS: Eliminate all federal assistance to illegal aliens which not only cost us billions, but encourages illegal aliens to come here in the first place 37 53 FLAT TAX/ABOLISH IRS: Pass a simple flat tax where everyone is taxed the same rate, and make your taxes so simple they can fit on a post-card so we can abolish the IRS as we know it 35 50 VOTE ON REGULATIONS: Reduce the power of an unelected bureaucracy by requiring a congressional vote on all regulations with an economic impact of 100 million dollars or more 21 54 UNIONS: Reduce the influence of public employee unions on the federal, state and local governments 21 40 26
Democratic government reforms far more popular than GOP s s Now I am going to read you some things DEMOCRATS /REPUBLICANS have proposed to make sure taxpayers get their money's worth and to make sure government works for them. After each item, please tell me whether that policy makes you feel much more positive about their plan, somewhat more positive, a little more positive, or not at all positive. $ TRANSPARENCY: Get rid of secret money in our political system by requiring full disclosure and transparency of all political money raised or spent in a campaign immediately online for all to see. MEDICARE FRAUD: Crack down on Medicare fraud which costs taxpayers up to $250 billion a year and threatens the long-term solvency of the Medicare system AUDIT GOV. TRANSPARENCY: Immediately audit the entire federal government and publish spending online so voters know where every taxpayer dollar is spent 57 55 46 73 81 80 BALANCED BUDGET: Pass an amendment to the Constitution requiring Congress to balance the budget every year END TAX BREAKS: Eliminate the trillion dollars in tax breaks and subsidies that primarily benefit the richest 10 percent SMALL DONORS: Prevent the wealthy and big corporations from spending unlimited amounts of money on elections and empower small donors by matching small contributions from voters WELFARE REFORM: Crack down on welfare and other assistance for people who refuse to work, which now cost taxpayers 235 billion dollars a year and encourages people to avoid finding a job ELIMINATE UNEFFECTIVE PROGRAMS: Evaluate every government program for effectiveness and abolish those that don't help many people and people can't afford 44 43 42 42 41 69 68 64 62 73 27
Independents overwhelmingly favor Democratic reforms Now I am going to read you some things DEMOCRATS /REPUBLICANS have proposed to make sure taxpayers get their money's worth and to make sure government works for them. After each item, please tell me whether that policy makes you feel much more positive about their plan, somewhat more positive, a little more positive, or not at all positive. Democrats Independents Republicans Campaign money transparency 67 90 Campaign money transparency 62 83 Welfare reform 75 90 End special interest tax breaks 62 85 Small donor campaign reform 52 65 Balanced budget amendment 68 88 End Medicare fraud 56 84 Audit gov. 50 76 End assistance for undoc. immigrants 61 81 Small donor campaign reform 56 82 End special interest tax breaks 48 68 Flat tax/abolish IRS 58 76 Evaluate govt progs 50 81 Waste reduction board 46 71 End Medicare fraud 44 71 Audit gov. 49 79 Simplify tax code 45 70 Take power from unions 40 73 Waste reducuction board 41 79 Evaluate gov. programs 38 75 Campaign money transparency 40 68 28
Campaign reforms popular with the white unmarried and noncollege women Now I am going to read you some things DEMOCRATS /REPUBLICANS have proposed to make sure taxpayers get their money's worth and to make sure government works for them. After each item, please tell me whether that policy makes you feel much more positive about their plan, somewhat more positive, a little more positive, or not at all positive. White Unmarried Women White Non College Women White Non College Men End Medicare fraud 58 87 Welfare reforn 56 72 Welfare reform 64 77 Small donor campaign reform Campaign money transparency 49 47 73 78 Campaign money transparency Audit the gov. 53 53 78 77 End Medicare fraud Balanced budget amendment 62 58 82 73 Audit the gov. 46 69 End Medicare fraud 49 77 Flat tax/abolish IRS 58 71 End special interest tax breaks Balanced budget amendment 46 40 73 65 Balance budget amendment Small donor campaign reform 48 47 82 73 Campaign money transparency Audit the gov. 57 57 74 79 Welfare reform Waste reducuction board 35 34 54 79 Waste reduction board Evaluate gov. programs 44 40 78 69 End assistance for undoc. Immigrants Waste reduction board 56 46 69 73 29
Millennials, minorities and white seniors interested in campaign transparency, special interest tax breaks Now I am going to read you some things DEMOCRATS /REPUBLICANS have proposed to make sure taxpayers get their money's worth and to make sure government works for them. After each item, please tell me whether that policy makes you feel much more positive about their plan, somewhat more positive, a little more positive, or not at all positive. Millennials Minorities White Seniors End special interest tax breaks 61 78 Campaign money transparency 62 85 Campaign money transparency 49 72 Campaign money transparency 59 87 End special interest tax breaks 56 73 End Medicare fraud 58 76 Audit the gov. 48 82 End Medicare fraud 53 80 Welfare reform 55 72 End Medicare fraud 47 82 Evaluate gov. programs 47 78 End assistance for undoc. Immigrants 51 67 Evaluate govt progs 44 78 Audit the gov. 46 85 Audit the gov. 49 68 Small donor campaign reform 44 70 Balance budget amendment 41 70 Flat tax/abolish IRS 44 60 Balanced budget amendment 36 65 Small donor campaign reform 37 68 End special interest tax breaks 33 63 30
A winning middle class money & government reform agenda Now I am going to read you something DEMOCRATIC candidates are saying about the country and what needs to be done to make things better. Please tell me whether the statement makes you feel much more positive about DEMOCRATIC candidates, somewhat more positive, a little more positive, or not at all positive. Democratic Money & Government Reform Message We need a country that works for the middle class, not one governed by trickle-down economics. Today, jobs don't pay enough to live on and families and small businesses are struggling, yet CEOs and billionaires are using their lobbyists to write the rules so government works for them, not you. So, we should start by barring corporate and secret contributions and empower small donors. And we should make sure taxpayers get their money's worth and root out waste. Audit the federal government, simplify the tax code, and eliminate 1 trillion dollars of special interest breaks. Then, we can level the playing field for the middle class again. Protect Social Security against any cut in benefits. Make college affordable and cut student debt. Help working families with child care, paid sick days and equal pay for women. And increase taxes for the richest 1 percent so we can invest in infrastructure to create American jobs and modernize our country Much more positive 62 41 Total 31
Democratic reform message wins against the GOP message Now I am going to read you a statement by a Democratic/Republican candidate on the economy. Please tell me whether the statement makes you feel much more positive about the Democratic/Republican candidate, somewhat more positive, a little more positive, or not at all positive. Democratic Money & Government Reform Message Much more positive GOP Message Much more positive We need a country that works for the middle class, not one governed by trickle-down economics. Today, jobs don't pay enough to live on and families and small businesses are struggling, yet CEOs and billionaires are using their lobbyists to write the rules so government works for them, not you. So, we should start by barring corporate and secret contributions and empower small donors. And we should make sure taxpayers get their money's worth and root out waste. Audit the federal government, simplify the tax code, and eliminate 1 trillion dollars of special interest breaks. Then, we can level the playing field for the middle class again. Protect Social Security against any cut in benefits. Make college affordable and cut student debt. Help working families with child care, paid sick days and equal pay for women. And increase taxes for the richest 1 percent so we can invest in infrastructure to create American jobs and modernize our country America again. 62 41 After seven years of big government and weak economic growth under Barack Obama, we should recognize that the solution to the economy is not more government, but less. Our economy is being choked by regulations, beginning with Obamacare, which cost the country 716 billion dollars and 2.5 million jobs. Middle-income people and small businesses pay more and more of their money to the government, rather than using it to grow the economy. There are now 108 million Americans on some form of welfare or the other, many of whom just don't want to work. We have the highest corporate tax rate in the industrial world and then wonder why companies move overseas. We need to get government out of the way and give the innovators and entrepreneurs the freedom they need to rebuild the economy. We need to get our economy growing much faster by throwing out the corrupt tax code and lowering tax rates. 54 35 32
Dem plan preferred by white unmarried women, has the edge with independents, competitive with white working class women Now I am going to read you a statement by a Democratic /Republican candidate on the economy. Please tell me whether the statement makes you feel much more positive about the Democratic /Republican candidate, somewhat more positive, a little more positive, or not at all positive. Much more positive 66 49 60 53 49 69 65 63 44 30 36 33 28 54 43 44 White Unmarried Women Independents White Non College Men White Non College Women 33
Democratic Money & Government Reform Message leads to big shift in congressional vote WVWVAF Messages on Congressional Re-vote WVWVAF Democratic Money & Government Reform Message Republican Message Estimated percentage difference in likelihood of voting for the Democratic Congressional candidate 34
Dems pick up votes among swing groups Thinking about the election for Congress in 2016, if the election for U.S. Congress were held today, would you be voting for (Democratic candidate) or (Republican candidate)? Net +2 +2 +3 +1 +2 +4 +22 +20 +6 +3 +38 +37 66 66 57 57 46 48 44 44 35 37 42 48 48 45 28 29 Democrat Republican Initial Democrat Revote RepublicanDemocrat Republican Initial Democrat Revote RepublicanDemocrat Republican Initial Democrat Revote RepublicanDemocrat Initial Republican Democrat Revote Republican TOTAL White Non- College White Non- College Women White Non- College Men 35
Impressive increases in interest among critical groups: white working class women, white unmarried women and white millennials How interested are you in the November, 2016 elections for President, U.S. Congress and other state and local offices? Please rate your interest from one to ten, with one meaning that you have no interest in this election and ten meaning that you are extremely interested. Of course, you can choose any number between one and ten. POST DEBATE: % 10 Extremely Interested Before After +12 +10 +8 +7 +7 +6 +6 +6 +5 +5 +5 +5 +5 +4 +2 77 80 76 76 70 72 75 71 70 7375 66 58 58 59 61 62 65 65 66 52 55 56 59 60 61 53 51 43 44 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 36
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