Warm-up List the causes of WWI. Describe how the US got involved.
Causes M- Militarism A- Alliance N- Nationalism I- Imperialism A- Assassination
Objectives US on the Home front Terms: Selective Service Act, Espionage Act, Sedition Act
Should freedoms and liberties of Americans be restricted in any way during times of War? If so? Which freedoms and liberties and why? If not? Why?
U.S. Home front during WWI War Industry Board (WIB)- was the main agency responsible for overseeing industrial production Boosted Industrial output by 20% Prices rose too War Bonds or Liberty Bonds- govt. way of borrowing money View Industry during WWI video John Meintz being tarred and feathered for not supporting war bond effort
Propaganda
Pressure to Join the Army came from both sides Example of American Propaganda Example of German Propaganda
Celebrities Rally U.S. support for Celebrities get in on Propaganda campaign Teddy Roosevelt even asked Wilson if he could get a volunteer unit to fight in war. Wilson politely declined War
U.S. Home front during WWI Rationing Conserving war supplies and food to support the war effort Meatless Mondays, Wheatless Wednesdays, etc. Herbert Hoover was in charge of Food Adm. Clothing styles changed Victory gardens
U.S. Home front during WWI Espionage and Sedition Acts- persons could be fined up to $10,000 and sentenced to 20 years in jail for Interfering with the draft Obstructing the sale of government bonds Saying anything disloyal, profane, or abusive about the government or war effort (violated 1 st Amendment rights) IWW protesting war IWW being deported for striking and protesting war Eugene Debs arrested during WWI for protesting war
U.S. Home front during WWI Great Migration- the movement of hundreds of thousands of blacks from the South to cities in the North Attempted to escape harsh conditions in South and get equality in the North Last until 1950s African Americans during WWI video
U.S. Home front during WWI Women s Roles Took over jobs that had traditionally been held by men Contributions helped increase support for women s suffrage passed in 1920 Flu Epidemic Fall of 1918 an international flu pandemic (spread worldwide) hit America, killing over 500,000 Americans by 1919.
American Expeditionary Forces: Doughboys 48,000 U.S. soldiers died in battle, 62,000 died from disease Because of American presence Germany surrendered on 11 th hour of 11 th day in the 11 th month of 1918 Armistice-cease fire Doughboy on right View Training the doughboys
Casualties of War Totaled over 35 million Over 15 million deaths Over 22 million wounded 9 million military deaths 6.6 million civilian deaths Allies lost over 5 million soldiers Central Powers lost over 3 million
Wilson Fights for Peace Woodrow Wilson was president during WWI to make the world safe for democracy -Wilson s famous quote Fourteen Points- Eliminating secret treaties Reducing imperialism Adjustment of boundaries and allow ethnic groups to determine their own fate League of Nations- to give nations a chance to discuss and settle their disputes without resorting to war Only League of Nations was accepted Wilson s last days League of Nations building-geneva
Treaty of Versailles Peace treaty following WWI Created 9 new nations in Europe Germany was ordered to pay $33 billion for war France and Great Britain were determined to punish Germany Harsh punishment caused resentment in Germany and considered a major reason for World War II View Video Quiz
Versailles Today
Post WWI- German Territorial Losses
-Accelerated America s emergence as the world s greatest industrial power -Contributed to the movement of Americans, especially African- Americans, to Northern Cities -Women gained the right to vote because of war contributions -Focused anti-immigrant and anti-radical sentiments among middle-class Americans -U.S. returns to policy of Isolationism Results of WWI for America
German group of soldiers in WWI. Can you spot Hitler?