NaturalResources,consumingenergyinMichigan,waystothinkgreen EdrickRamos,PCMICandidate 8 th gradelessonplan
Objectives Providethestudentsgeneralconceptsofenergysources,energyconsumptionontheir homesandwaystouseotherresourcesaspotentialformsofproducingenergy. Materials Usedpapers,pencils,coloredpencils,andimagination. TimeDuration Approximately50minutes Vocabulary Energy Biomass Windpower Fossilfuel Natural Resources Hydroelectric plant Coal Petroleum Geothermal plant Peat Lignite Bituminous Anthracite Peat formswhenplantmaterial,usuallyinmarshyareas,isinhibitedfromdecaying fullybyacidicandanaerobicconditions,issoftandeasilycompressed.underpressure, waterinthepeatisforcedout.upondrying,peatcanbeusedasafuel. Lignite isasoftbrownfuelwithcharacteristicsthatputitsomewherebetweencoal andpeat.itisconsideredthelowestrankofcoalanditisusedalmostexclusivelyasa fuelforsteam electricpowergeneration. Bituminous relativelysoftcoalcontainingatarlikesubstancecalledbitumen.the carboncontentofbituminouscoalisaround60 80%;therestiscomposedofwater,air, hydrogen,andsulfur.betterknownas cookingcoal Anthracite isthemostmetamorphosedtypeofcoalwith92% 98%ofcarboncontent. Aspetroleumandnaturalgasgetmoreexpensive,anthracitecoalisgrowinginits importanceasanenergysource. Petroleum isanaturallyoccurring,flammableliquidconsistingofacomplexmixture ofhydrocarbonsofvariousmolecularweights,andotherorganiccompounds,thatare foundingeologicformationsbeneaththeearth'ssurface.ittakesatleast500myto developandit smostlyoccurredatmarineplatformsalongcoastlines.withtime,the platformsgettrappedwithnewsediment,asearthcrustchangeandtheoceanrecedes. Themostcommondistillationsofpetroleumarefuels.
Biomass arenewableenergysource,isbiologicalmaterialderivedfromliving,or recentlylivingorganisms,suchaswood,waste,andalcoholfuels.itiscommonlyplant mattergrowntogenerateelectricityorproduceheat. NaturalResource occursnaturallywithinenvironmentsthatexistrelatively undisturbedbymankind,inanaturalform.anaturalresourceisoftencharacterizedby amountsofbiodiversityexistentinvariousecosystems. WindPower istheconversionofwindenergyintoausefulformofenergy,suchas usingwindturbinestomakeelectricity,windmillsformechanicalpower,windpumps forpumpingwaterordrainage,orsailstopropelships. GeothermalPlant ispowerextractedfromheatstoredintheearth.thisgeothermal energyoriginatesfromtheoriginalformationoftheplanet,fromradioactivedecayof minerals,andfromsolarenergyabsorbedatthesurface.ithasbeenusedforbathing sincepaleolithictimesandforspaceheatingsinceancientromantimes,butisnow betterknownforgeneratingelectricity. Hydroelectricplant iselectricitygeneratedbyhydropower,i.e.,theproductionof electricalpowerthroughtheuseofthegravitationalforceoffallingorflowingwater.it isthemostwidelyusedformofrenewableenergy. Introduction Energycanbedefinedasaquantitythatcanbeassignedtoeveryparticle,objector systemofobjectsasaconsequenceofthestateoftheparticle,objectorsystemof objects.differentsourcesofenergyincludekinetic,potential,thermal,gravitational, sound,elasticity,lightandelectromagnetic.itconstitutesavastpercentageof consumptionforanylivingorganismandallprocessesthatitsurroundsit.sincewe needenergytosubsisttheproductionandconsumptionofenergyitsstrictlynecessary forourdailytasks.unitedstatesenergyconsumptionisdividedin37%petroleum,24% naturalgas,23%coal,9%nuclearand7%ofrenewableresources.formthat7%of Renewableresources;53%comesfrombiomass,34%fromhydropower,7%comes fromwindand1%isderivedfromsolarpower(dataprovidedbymichiganstatedpt.ofenergy). IntheresidentialsectorthestateofMichiganinvests$5billiontoprovidefuel& electricity.tomanageelectricityconsumptionamongresidentsthestatehas implementedshomeenergyratingsprogramwhichgrouphousesfroma0 500point scalebasedonenergyefficiencythroughthemonthlyelectricreadings.theseratesare classifiedas0 100formostenergyefficienthomesand400 500aslesenergyefficient homes.pluggingthoseratiosintoasingle familyexamplewouldgiveusatotalof~$75 dollarsonmonthlyelectricityforahouseof4members(notinwinterseason).forthewinter, dependingontheseverityoftheseasonthoseaveragesmightbesubjectedtoraiseat leastthedoubleofenergyconsumption. Imaginehowmuchenergyweconsumeandhowmuchtimetheearthhadtookto producefossilfuels,which,aretheprimarilysourceofenergyproductionworldwide. Burningandextractingfossilfuelsprovideseriousdamagetoourenvironment.Some examplesonenvironmentaleffectsofcoalburninginclude; Greenhouseeffect Acidrain
Interferencewithgroundwatertablesaffectinglakesandrivers andmanymore Someexamplesforreducingenergyconsumptioninourhomeare: Turnofflightsandbulbswhenleavingaroom Disconnectallelectricalcordswhennotinuse Turnoffstoveburnerswhenthefooditsalmostdone Cleanfridges Closewindowsduringdaysandopenthemduringthenight Noairconditioning,usewindsource. andmanymore Activity Twoactivitiesforthisplan. Thefirstactivityismadeinthefirst5minutesofclass.Itconsistsoflisting5ofthe previousvocabularywordsontheboardandbeginashortstory Whenyouwokeup,thedinosaurwasstillthere Thestudentsshouldusethelistedwordstocontinuethestoryandbuildtheirown.This activityismorelikeanicebreakertomakethestudentscomfortablewiththesubject andtheteacher.attheendofthelectureandafterthesecondactivitysomestudents wouldhavetheopportunitytotelltheirstoriestotherestoftheclass.thevocabulary shouldbemanagedtofitthecontinuityandrelevancyofthestory. Thesecondactivityismadeafterlecture.Itconsistsofdividingthestudentsinto2 groups.theyshouldbeabletodesignanytypeofdevicethatusesrenewableenergy. Eg.Water,sunlight,wind,geothermalpower,etc.Theywillhave10minutestobuildthe device,drawitwithallitslabelsontheboard,anddiscussiteffectsandusageswiththe restofthestudents.basedontheirownjudgment,thebetterideawinsthematch. Conclusion Attheendoftheactivities,thestudentsshouldbeabletoidentifysomeaspectsof energyconsumptiononaregularbasisintheirhomes.theideaistomakethemgoto theirparentsanddiscusswiththemsomeefficientwaystosaveenergyontheirhouses. Theactivitiesprovidethemsomeindividualthinkingandgroup workingscenariosin whichtheyshouldbeableapplythelearnedconcepts. Evaluation Thestudentsshouldevaluatethemselvesbasedonthe renewableinvention.ifthe inventionssatisfythebasicconceptsofrenewableenergy,thestudentslearned effectivelyandappliedthemainobjectivesofthislesson.
Resources www.eia.doe.gov/kids www.aep.electricuniverse.com www.michigan.gov/eorebuild www.epa.gov/epahome/students.htm www.michigan.gov/energyoffice www.energy.gov http://www.ase.org http://www.macd.org/macd_biomass.html http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/country/index.cfm Appendix Top World Oil Producers, 2008 Rank Country Production 1 Saudi Arabia 10,782 2 Russia 9,790 3 United States 8,514 4 Iran 4,174 5 China 3,973 6 Canada 3,350 7 Mexico 3,186 8 United Arab Emirates 3,046 9 Kuwait 2,741 10 Venezuela 2,643 11 Norway 2,466 12 Brazil 2,402 13 Iraq 2,385 14 Algeria 2,180 15 Nigeria 2,169 Top World Oil Consumers, 2008 Rank Country Consumption 1 United States 19,498 2 China 7,831 3 Japan 4,785 4 India 2,962 5 Russia 2,916 6 Germany 2,569 7 Brazil 2,485 8 Saudi Arabia 2,376 9 Canada 2,261 10 Korea, South 2,175 11 Mexico 2,128
12 France 1,986 13 Iran 1,741 14 United Kingdom 1,710 15 Italy 1,639 Top World Oil Net Importers, 2008 Rank Country Imports 1 United States 10,984 2 Japan 4,652 3 China 3,858 4 Germany 2,418 5 Korea, South 2,144 6 India 2,078 7 France 1,915 8 Spain 1,534 9 Italy 1,477 10 Taiwan 939 11 Singapore 925 12 Netherlands 891 13 Belgium 706 14 Turkey 629 15 Thailand 572 Top World Oil Net Exporters, 2008 Rank Country Exports 1 Saudi Arabia 8,406 2 Russia 6,874 3 United Arab Emirates 2,521 4 Iran 2,433 5 Kuwait 2,390 6 Norway 2,246 7 Angola 1,948 8 Venezuela 1,893 9 Algeria 1,888 10 Nigeria 1,883 11 Iraq 1,769 12 Libya 1,597 13 Kazakhstan 1,185 14 Canada 1,089 15 Qatar 1,085 Data source:http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/country/index.cfm