The Age of Absolutism and Limited Government Name: World History I Mr. Horas www.chshistory.net 1
World History I Mr. Horas Absolutism and Limited Government Reading #1 Reading #1: Europe in Crisis: The Wars of Religion in the Sixteenth Century (Red Book: Pages 453 458) Guiding Questions: 1. Compare the European religious crises. Point out three similarities among them. Main idea: Throughout the 1500s, religious tensions flared up between Catholics and the new Protestant denominations. France #1 Spain #2 England (with Spain) #3 French Wars of Religion (1562 1598) (page 453) Phillip II and The Cause of Militant Catholicism (p. 455) England of Elizabeth (1558 1588) (p. 456) Two sides in conflict & leaders: Two sides in conflict & leaders: Two sides in conflict & leaders: Catholics Huguenots Phillip II Netherlands Elizabeth I Phillip II (Spain) Religious causes of fighting: Religious causes of fighting: Religious causes of fighting: Political causes of fighting: Political causes of fighting: Political causes of fighting: 2 Results: 2 Results: 2 Results: 7
#1: Compare the European religious crises. Point out three similarities among them. Similarity #1: Similarity #2: Similarity #3: World History I Mr. Horas Absolutism and Limited Government Reading #2 Reading #2: Europe in Crisis: Social Disintegration, War and Revolution (1560 to 1650) (Red Pages 459 467) Guiding Questions: 1. Describe three things that caused tension or fear in the lives of Europeans in the 1500s. How might these have contributed to the rise of a strong leader? Main idea: Fear in Europe led to the rise of strong central governments. Price Revolution (inflation) 1. From 1560 to 1650, the price of goods rose (inflation) significantly. Give one reason why prices rose. Population Decline 2. While Europe s population increased during the 1500s and early 1600s, why did it begin to decline by 1630? 8
The Witchcraft Craze 3. In the sixteenth (1500s) and seventeenth (1600s) centuries, many people became hysterical (fearful) about. Perhaps more than (number) were punished as witches. Many of these people only confessed after they were. 4. Point out something interesting you learned about this witchcraft hysteria from your reading. 5. By the mid-seventeenth century (1650s), the witchcraft hysteria began to end as people become more and as began to advance and become more widespread. Guiding Question #1: Describe three things that caused tension or fear in the lives of Europeans in the 1500s. How might these have contributed to the rise of a strong leader? (You ll have to make a guess on this second question.) 1. 2. 3. Strong leader: 9
World History I Mr. Horas Absolutism and Limited Government Reading #3 Reading #3: The English Revolution: (Red Book: Pages 466-467) Guiding Question: 1. Who were the two sides in the English Revolution (Civil War) (Mention their leaders names)? What was the cause of the.. conflict? Describe two results. Why is it considered a turning point in history? When: Two Causes: Where: English Revolution Two sides: Leaders: Two Results: Guiding Question # names)? What was the cause of the conflict? Describe two results. Why is it considered a turning point in history? Two sides: Cause: Result #1: Result #2: Turning Point: 10
World History I Mr. Horas Absolutism and Limited Government Reading #4 Reading #4: Response to Crisis: The Practice of Absolutism and Limited Monarchy (Red Book 467 476) Guiding Questions: 1. What is Absolutism and why did most nations in Europe create this type of government in the 1600s? (Use Divine Right in your answer.) 2. Who was Louis XIV? Explain three specific examples of how he was able to create an absolutist state in France. 3. Who was Peter the Great? Explain three specific examples of how he was able to create an absolutist state in Russia. Main idea: Fear in Europe led to the rise of strong central governments. Response to Crisis: Introduction (Page 467) Absolutism Divine Right of Kings #1: What is Absolutism and why did most nations in Europe create this type of government in the 1600s? (Use Divine Right in your answer.) Absolutism: Why this type? 11
Absolutism in France under Louis XIV (France)(1661 1715) (Red 468-471) What did Louis XIV do in each of these areas to strengthen his power? Politics (or social life)? Economics? Religion? Military? Guiding Question #3: Who was Louis XIV? Explain, don t list, three specific examples of how he was able to create an absolutist state in France in the late 1600s. Make sure you explain HOW each helped Peter maintain absolute power. Louis XIV: What did he do? How did it help Louis maintain absolute power? 1. 2. 3. 12
From Muscovy to Russia (Peter the Great in Russia) (1682 1725) (Red 472-474) What did Peter do in each of these areas to strengthen his power? Politics (or social life)? Economics? Religion? Military? Guiding Question #3: Who was Peter the Great? Explain, don t list, three specific examples of how he was able to create an absolutist state in France in the late 1600s. Make sure you explain HOW each helped Peter maintain absolute power. Peter: What did he do? How did it help Peter maintain absolute power? 1. 2. 3. 13
World History I Mr. Horas Absolutism and Limited Government Reading #5 Reading #5: Limited Monarchy: The Example of England (Red Book 475 476) Guiding Questions: 1. Explain why and how James II of England upset Parliament in the 1680s? 2. What was the Glorious Revolution in England in 1688? Explain two results of it. 3. What was the English Bill of Rights and why was it created? Main idea: England limited the power of their ruler even further in the late 1600s. Restoration (Charles II) James II Glorious Revolution (William and Mary) Bill of Rights #1: Explain why and how James II of England upset Parliament in the 1680s? Guiding Questions continued on back... 14
#2: What was the Glorious Revolution in England in 1688? Explain two results of it. What was it? Result #1: Result #2: #3: What was the English Bill of Rights and why was it created? Bill of Rights? Why created? 15
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The Puritan Revolution: Cromwell and the Rise of Parliamentary Democracy In 1648, Charles I (Charles Stuart), King of England, was brought before Parliament and charged with high treason. Charles I questions and authority of Parliament over him for as he says, I am no ordinary prisoner. Oliver Cromwell, a Puritan leader and ranked #47 on the list of the most influential people in history, is the man most responsible for bringing the King to trial. The video focuses on the events which lead up to this trial and Charles I s eventual execution. As you watch the movie, take notes on the following guiding questions: 1. Who was Cromwell? (Include when and where he lived.) 2. Make note of an interesting story about him. (Attention Grabbing intro) 3. Point out three reasons why Cromwell did NOT support Charles I. 4. Point out three ways Cromwell s actions changed World / English history. Cromwell Background Why Cromwell did NOT support Charles I Interesting story 1 2 3 3 Ways Cromwell s actions changed history 18
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World History I Mr. Horas Philosopher chart Your team is presenting the ideas of your philosopher. You are trying to convince the class that your ideas on the ideal government are the BEST! Read your articles and fill out the chart below. After you ve read your pages, meet with your group and decide who will fulfill the roles below: 1. Mandatory: One person needs to become the philosopher and type up a paragraph on your beliefs. This philosopher needs to use his own quotes in his or her speech to explain his or her ideas. 2. One person needs to create a shield (with 4 symbols, dates and a quote) to represent your philosopher and type up an explanation of your shield (placed on back). 3. One person needs to introduce your philosopher to the class and write a poem or song of at least 16 lines about your philosopher. It needs to highlight at least 3 key ideas of the philosopher and information about his or her life. 4. One person needs to write a summary of the best ideas he or she heard (at the convention) on the ideal form of government. Philosopher (or Ruler): Years: Famous Work: Country: Describe his ideas on the best type of government: Quotes to support: Can people be trusted? Why or why not? Other ideas of interest: 20
World History I Mr. Horas Government Conference Absolutism and Limited Government Years & famous Work Can people be trusted? Why? Ideal form of government Main reason panelist gave for why this is the ideal government Rousseau Baron de Montesquieu King Louis XIV (Bousset) John Locke Thomas Hobbes 21