Origins of American Government Section 1 MATCHING In the space provided, write the letter of the term or person that matches each description. Some answers will not be used. 1. Idea that people should have a say, through representatives of their choosing, in their own government 2. English document dating to 1215 that limited the power of the English monarchy and helped establish the rule of law 3. Belief that government should be subject to strict limits on the lawful use of power 4. French philosopher who argued in favor of the separation of powers 5. An English colony under the direct control of the king through an appointed governor 6. Type of English colony that enjoyed the most independence from Great Britain 7. English legal scholar whose book Commentaries on the Laws of England became the basis for law in the colonies 8. Document passed by Parliament in 1689 that limited the English monarchy s ability to enact laws, raise taxes, or keep an army without Parliament s consent a. bicameral legislature b. Charles de Montesquieu c. charter colony d. English Bill of Rights e. Enlightenment f. Fundamental Orders of Connecticut g. John Locke h. limited government i. Magna Carta j. representative government k. royal colony l. republicanism m. William Blackstone 9. Broad set of political ideas about representative government that traces back to ancient Greece and Rome 10. Set of colonial laws that limited government and gave all free men the right to choose people to serve as judges Original content Copyright by Holt McDougal. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Chapter 2 23 Progress Assessment
SECTION 2 FILL IN THE BLANK For each of the following statements, fill in the blank with the appropriate word, phrase, or name. 1. In 1643 four English colonies united as the to defend against attacks from Native Americans and nearby Dutch colonies. 2. During the French and Indian War, Great Britain urged its colonies to sign a treaty with the, an alliance of Native American nations. 3. became a rallying cry in the colonies because the colonists resented Parliament s taxing them without their consent. 4. In 1765 Parliament passed the, which required colonists to pay a tax on paper goods and legal documents. 5. In response to the, the British government passed the Intolerable Acts and dispatched thousands of troops to North America. 6. In the fall of 1774, the Continental Congress demanded the repeal of the Intolerable Acts and an end to military occupation. 7. Delegates to the Second Continental Congress organized a militia and unanimously voted to be the militia s commander. 8. Thomas Paine wrote a 47-page political pamphlet called that inspired widespread support for independence in the colonies. 9. In writing the Declaration of Independence, Thomas Jefferson was influenced by s ideas about government and natural rights. 10. By 1780, each of the 13 states had its own written. [Edition] Chapter [#] 26 Progress Assessment
Section 3 MULTIPLE CHOICE For each of the following, write the letter of the best choice in the space provided. 1. Which document was the first constitution of the United States? a. Declaration of Independence b. Articles of Confederation c. Northwest Ordinance d. Albany Plan of Union 2. What caused a delay in the ratification of the Articles of Confederation? a. disputes over western lands b. growing loyalty to Great Britain c. fears that a confederation would give too much power to state governments d. disagreements over how to establish treaties with Native American nations 3. What weakness in the Articles of Confederation made it difficult for Congress to raise an army? a. The states refused to train troops. b. Only the states could coin money. c. Congress was denied the power to declare war. d. Congress had no power to levy taxes. 4. How did the Northwest Ordinance of 1787 protect the individual rights of settlers? a. It included a bill of rights that protected religious freedom and ensured trial by jury. b. It prevented new states from joining the United States. c. It distributed land equally among settlers in the region. d. It honored all claims that had been made to western lands prior to the American Revolution. 5. Why did Massachusetts farmers join Shays s Rebellion? a. to prevent the state government from taking their farms b. to protest British taxes c. to stop the ratification of the Articles of Confederation d. to reclaim lands in the Northwest Territory [Edition] Chapter [#] 27 Progress Assessment
Section 4 MULTIPLE CHOICE For each of the following, write the letter of the best choice in the space provided. 1. Why did delegates from the states gather at a convention in Philadelphia in May of 1787? a. to end the slave trade b. to stop to Shays s Rebellion c. to limit the power of the national government d. to revise the Articles of Confederation 2. Why is James Madison remembered as the Father of the Constitution? a. He was the primary author of the New Jersey Plan. b. He acted as president of the convention. c. He played a key role in planning the convention and writing the Constitution. d. He proposed the Great Compromise. 3. Which agreement settled disputes between large states and small states over how the U.S. government should be organized? a. Virginia Plan b. New Jersey Plan c. Great Compromise d. Three-Fifths Compromise 4. Which agreement determined how slaves would be counted in a state s population for representation in the House? a. Virginia Plan b. New Jersey Plan c. Great Compromise d. Three-Fifths Compromise 5. What was the basis for representation in Congress that was outlined in the Great Compromise? a. equal votes for all states in both houses of Congress b. representation based on state population in both houses of Congress c. equal votes for all states in the House; representation based on state population in the Senate d. equal votes for all in the Senate; representation based on state population in the House [Edition] Chapter [#] 27 Progress Assessment
Section 5 TRUE/FALSE Mark each statement T if it is true or F if it is false. If the statement is false, explain why using the lines provided. 1. The Federalists believed the Constitution would provide a strong national government for the United States. 2. The Antifederalists strongest criticism of the Constitution was that it did not provide for a powerful executive. 3. The Federalists wrote a series of essays called the Federalist Papers to defend the principles behind and win support for the Constitution. 4. Patrick Henry played a key role in convincing the Virginia ratifying convention to pass the Constitution. 5. To secure ratification of the Constitution, the Federalists promised to remove the Bill of Rights from the document. [Edition] Chapter [#] 28 Progress Assessment