Paper Three Review Questions

Tracy High School History of the Americas II Paper Three Review Questions 1. Discuss the political organization of one pre-columbian society. 2. Discuss the scientific and artistic developments that took place in one pre-columbian society. 3. Define mercantilism and explain how TWO of the colonial powers applied it in the Americas in the eighteenth century. 4. For what reasons, and with what results, were European mercantilist polices applied in British North America and Spanish Latin America? 5. Compare the reasons of TWO of the major imperial powers of undertaking colonization in the eighteenth century. 6. Evaluate the factors that led to the conquest of the Aztecs in 1521. 7. Discuss the consequences of the "Columbian Exchange" in the Americas. 8. With reference to either British or French North America in the period from 1500 to 1763, to what extent did the structure of colonial government address political and economic challenges? 9. Discuss the reasons for the introduction of the Pombaline reforms in Portuguese America. 10. Discuss the economic and political organization of one religious order in Spanish America. 11. Evaluate the social and political impact of the Great Awakening c1730-2c1760. 12. How effective were TWO imperial powers in the government of their American colonies in the eighteenth century? 13. Compare and contrast the main features of the administration of British and Spanish colonies by the middle of the eighteenth century. 14. Evaluate the relative impact of economic measures and political ideas, in promoting independence in two colonies of the region. 15. Compare and contrast the social economic groupings in one Latin American and one North American colony in the eighteenth century. 16. Analyze the social structure of the immigrant population of the colonial society in any two parts or countries of the region in the second half of the eighteenth century. 17. Compare and contrast the role of agriculture in the economics of TWO colonies. 18. Assess the role of Christianity in one of the following colonial areas: British, Spanish, or French. 19. Assess the impact of the Christian Churches on the native populations in the Americans during the colonial period. 20. Compare and contrast the role of religion in the settlement of two areas of the region. 21. Discuss the role of leadership in the formation of new governments in TWO countries of the region in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. 22. Compare the role of the executive in the new government of TWO countries of the region before 1860. 23. In what ways, and for what reasons, did the treatment of indigenous peoples in the eighteenth century differ in the Americas? At least two specific examples should be discussed. 24. Analyze the effects of colonial rule on Native American societies in two areas of the region. 25. Compare and contrast the treatment of indigenous peoples in two countries of the region in the eighteenth century. 26. Compare and contrast the reasons for the establishment of slavery in two areas of the Americas. 27. Why was Brazil's transition to independence basically peaceful? 28. How and why did Brazil archive independence from Portugal in the nineteenth century? 29. What were the roles of the different social classes in the Latin American Wars of Independence? 30. To what extent was hostility between Spain and Britain the main cause for at least one war of independence in the Americas? 31. "Wars of independence in the Americas were essentially conservative and not truly revolutionary at all." In reference to the aims of revolutionary leaders, to what extent do you agree with this assessment? Use at least TWO examples. 32. Compare and contrast the contribution of two of the following leaders to the process of independence in the Americas: Adams; Jefferson; San Martín; Bolivar. 33. In what ways did the Declaration of Independence of 1776 justify the United States separation from Britain? 34. Analyze the role, and assess the impact, of outside powers on two wars of independence in the Americas. 35. To what extent were the ideas of the Enlightenment a cause of independence movements in either the United States or Latin America? 36. The American Revolution and the Latin American Wars of Independence have absolutely nothing in common." Discuss. 37. American independence from Britain was not a revolution but an evolution. To what extent do you agree with this view? 38. To what extent were the wars of independence in Latin America due to the grievances of the Creoles against the peninsular Spaniards? Support your answer with reference to one independence movement. 39. Why were the causes of the wars of independence in Latin America more social than political? 40. Compare and contrast the role of leadership in two independence movements of the region. 41. With reference to two countries of the Americas, discuss how a battle or military campaign impacted on each country s independence 3 movement? 42. "Economic factors played an important role in the rise of independence movements." Discuss with reference to one country of the Americas between 1763 and 1830. 43. Evaluate the political and military contributions of either Bolivar or San Martin to the process of independence. 44. It was the growing resentment of the Creoles toward peninsular Spaniards that encouraged wars of independence in Latin America. With reference to one country in the Americas (excluding Cuba), to what extent do you agree with this statement? 45. Examine in the influence of political ideas on the nature of the United States Declaration of Independence? 46. What similarities and what differences do you find in the cause of the American Revolution (1776) and the Latin American Wars of Independence (1810 and after)? 47. By what groups and for what reasons was independence opposed in the U S in 1776 and in one Latin American country in 1810 or after? 48. Analyze the social and economic impact of independence on one country of the Americas. 49. "Wars of independence in the Americas were primarily caused by political factors." To what extent do you agree with this statement for the period 1775-1850? 50. Analyze the economic causes of (a) the war of independence in the United States and (b) one war of Independence in Latin America. 51. Analyze the role of different social classes in the Wars of Independence in either the United States or Latin America.

52. With reference to one independence movement you have studied, analyze the significance of foreign aid in helping to achieve independence. 53. "Wars of independence in the Americas were primarily by economic grievance." Discuss how far this claim is justified with reference to any one war of independence in the region and in the period 1775 to 1850. 54. Compare the problems that emerged in the formation of new systems of government in two countries of the region after their war of independence. 55. Evaluate the effectiveness of the Articles of Confederation. 56. "The British North America Act of 1867 was a failure." Discuss. 57. What were the main problems of Latin American countries in the generation following independence? Use examples from at least two countries. 58. "Most revolutions in the Americas merely replaced the colonial rulers with home-grown political elite." How valid is this claim -that wars of Independence in the Americas during the eighteenth and early nineteenth century did not mark a radical change from the past? 59. Compare and contrast the leadership role of two of the following in Wars of Independence in the US and Latin America: Washington, Jefferson, Bolivar, and San Martin. 60. Why did both the military and civilians oppose or join Latin American war of independence? Answer with reference to two wars of independence from the region. 61. A brilliant soldier but a poor politician." How far do you agree with the verdict on Simon Bolivar? 62. Why did revolution occur in the US in 1776 and not until after 1800 in Latin America? 63. With reference to two countries of the Americas, analyze the contribution of political factors to the outbreak of the wars of independence. 64. Using examples from at least one country, explain why the caudillos emerged in Latin America in the nineteenth century. 65. Why did the Thirteen Colonies rebel against Britain, and how were they able to win their independence? 66. Socio-political conditions caused the rise and development of the caudillo rule in Latin America during the period immediately after the wars of independence. 67. Identify three problems of the confederation period in the USA. How were these problems resolved in the Constitution? 68. What were the political and economic problems of the Confederation period in the United States, and how successful were attempts to solve them? 69. What were the main features of the Articles of Confederation, and how successful was the government that resulted from them? 70. Why did the Articles of Confederation fail to provide strong government? 71. The Constitution of the United States, agreed between 1787 and 1791, was a revolutionary document for its time. To what extent do you agree with this claim? 72. For what reasons, and in which ways did the US Constitution of 1787 change the Articles of Confederation? 73. Analyze the issues that led to change in the United States political system between 1792 and 1797. 74. Compare the problems that emerged in the formation of new systems of government in two countries of the region after their war of independence. 75. Independence delivered sovereignty without stability. With reference to one country in Latin America in the first half of the 19 th century, to what extent do you agree with this statement? 76. The Constitution of 1787 produced a radical change in the US political system. To what extent do you agree with this statement? 77. What were the goals of the Constitutional Convention of 1787 and to what extent did it achieve them? 78. "I have already intimated to you the dangers of parties...." (George Washington, Farewell Address, 1796). Why, despite George Washington's warnings, did political parties emerge in the US in the period 1796 to 1828? 79. Explain why the caudillos emerged and how they ruled in the nineteenth century. Support your answer with examples from one or more countries. 80. What were the main political issues of the Jefferson period, and how were they resolved? 81. Why did the United States go to war against British North America in 1812? 82. For what reasons, and with what results, was the Monroe Doctrine established in 1823? 83. Analyze the causes of the Mexican-American war (1846-1848). 84. Analyze the reasons for the rise, and assess the impact of, caudillos in two countries of the region in the 19 th century. 85. Analyze the effects of the Mexican-American War on the region. 86. Analyze the effects of the Mexican-American War (1846-1848) on any two countries of the region. 87. What is meant either by Jeffersonian Democracy or Jacksonian Democracy? Explain the importance of the Presidency of either man to the development of the United States. 88. Why were slave insurrections and revolts generally unsuccessful? Use examples from TWO countries. 89. Assess the economic profitability of slavery in two countries of the region. 90. Discuss the social impact of slavery in the New World. 91. Evaluate the effectiveness of early opposition to slavery and the slave trade in the New World. 92. What were the major arguments for and against slavery in the period before 1860? 93. What were the major similarities and differences in the master-slave relation in the slave culture of any two countries of the region? 94. Analyze the reasons why slavery in the Americas was supported by different social and economic groups. 95. Analyze the reasons why different social and economic groups supported slavery in the Americas. 96. Who opposed slavery and why? 97. Why was the slave rebellion on Haiti successful, while slave rebellions elsewhere in the Americas before 1850 failed? 98. With reference to at least two examples of slave rebellions, analyze the reaction to the rebellions in one country of the region. 99. What social and economic roles did slavery serve in either the US or Brazil in the nineteenth century? 100. "Slaves were basically content with their position. White reformers stirred them up." With specific references to (a) the nature of slavery and (b) the abolitionist movements, how far you agree with this statement. Reference should be made to at least two countries from the Caribbean and/or mainland America. 101. The Kansas-Nebraska problem destroyed the power of the Southern pro-slavery group. To what extent do you agree with this view? 102. For what reasons and, in what ways, did supporters of slavery in the nineteenth century use legal, religious, and economic arguments in its defense?

103. The problems associated with westward expansion were the most significant causes of the US Civil War. To what extent do you agree with this statement? 104. Compare and contrast the effectiveness of one Union and one Confederate military leader during the US Civil War. 105. In what ways, and to what extent, did the events of the 1850s contribute to the increase of sectionalism and the outbreak of the United States Civil War? 106. Sectionalism, not slavery, was the major cause of the United States Civil War. To what extent do you agree with this statement? 107. The Civil War in the United States was caused by political disagreements. To what extent do you agree with this statement? 108. Evaluate the economic and social conditions of free African Americans in one country of the region during the nineteenth century. 109. "Abraham Lincoln has been given greater credit than he deserves for emancipation of the slaves in the US." How far do you agree with this statement? 110. For what reasons, and with what impact, did abolitionism develop in the north of the United States? 111. How important were the abolitionists in the coming of America Civil War? 112. The role of foreign powers had a significant effect on the outcome of the United States Civil War. To what extent do you agree with this statement? 113. The wasteful economy of slavery was replaced by the productive economy based on salary. With reference of two countries of the region, explain to what extent you agree with this view. 114. To what extent did the theory of nullification and the nullification crisis contribute to the origins of the United States Civil War? 115. What were the political issues underlying the American Civil War? 116. Assess the relative strengths of the North and the South at the beginning of the United States Civil War in 1861. 117. Compare and contrast Abraham Lincoln and Jefferson Davis as wartime leaders during the United States Civil War. 118. The Battle of Gettysburg was the turning point of the United States Civil War. To what extend do you agree with this statement? 119. Why did the United States Civil War break out in 1861? 120. In what ways and to what extent were race relations in the South changed by the Civil War in the US? 121. Why was compromise no longer possible between the North and the South in the United States by 1860? 122. "The United States Civil War was entirely an economic struggle." To what extent do you agree with this assessment? 123. To what extent was the expansion of slavery into the territories the primary cause of the United State Civil War? 124. Compare the political, economic and military strengths and weakness of the North and South United States at the beginning of the United States Civil War in 1861. 125. Why was compromise no longer possible between the North and the South in the United States by 1860? 126. To what extent was the victory of the North in the United States Civil War due to its superior industrial resources and manpower? 127. The surprising fact is not that the Confederacy lost the American Civil War, but that it survived as along as it did." Discuss. 128. Assess the contribution made by African-American soldiers during the American Civil War. 129. Analyze the immediate and longer-term political effects of the US Civil War in the period 1865 to 1896. 130 "Abraham Lincoln's leadership was the main reason why the Union won the Civil War." To what extent do you agree with this claim? 131. "The presidential election of 1860 demonstrated that neither the Democratic nor the Republican Party could unify the country." Discuss. 132. Evaluate the presidential and congressional plans for post-civil War reconstruction. 133. Assess the success and failure of Reconstruction in granting civil and political equality for former slaves in the southern states of United States? 134. Why, and with what results, was there political opposition to the plans for Reconstruction in the United States between 1863-1867? 135. To what extent had Reconstruction fulfilled its aims by 1877? 136. In what ways did the Civil War change the economy and racial relations in the South? 137. "The attempts in the Reconstruction period 1865 to 1877 to solve problems caused by the Civil War failed African Americans." To what extent do you agree with this statement. 138. Explain how and why the position of African Americans improved in United States society between 1877 and 1945. 139. Assess the role of the central government in the economic development in TWO countries of the region between 1890 and 1914. 140. What were the basic economic problems of TWO Latin America countries in the first half of the twentieth century and how did they attempt to solve them? 141. Why have single party regimes been common in twentieth century Latin America? Answer with reference to at least TWO different countries. 142. To what extent were the United States policies toward Latin America between 1898 and 1936 motivated by economic reasons? Support your answer with examples of two specific policies introduced by the United States. 143. Examine the positive and negative effects of immigration in two Latin American countries during the second half of the nineteenth century. 144. In what ways, and for what reasons, were there changes in immigration policies in the second half of the nineteenth century in one country of the region? 145. Explain why there was a high level of immigration into one country of the region, in the second half of the nineteenth century. 146. Examine the impact of immigration on one country of the region from the late nineteenth century to the early twentieth century. 147. Asses the impact of immigration on one country of the region from the mid-nineteenth century to the early twentieth century. 148. Examine the causes of immigration to two countries of the Americas between 1865-1929. 149. Using specific examples from two countries, explain the factors influenced the growth of cities in the second half of the nineteenth century. 150. In what ways did the building of railroads stimulate economic activity in one country of the America in the second half of the nineteenth century? 151. "The positive effects of railroad construction outweighed the negative effects." With reference to two countries of the Americas, to what extent do you agree with this statement? 152. "Nationalism was the most important ideological trend in the Americas between 1865 and 1929." Discuss with reference to two countries in the Americas. 153. Assess the role of railroad construction in the modernization of any two countries of the region between 1865 and 1929. 154. Describe the role of industrialization in any two countries of the region in the first half of the nineteen-century. 155. Compare and contrast the effect of industrial growth and economic modernization in two countries of the Americas between 1865-1929.

156. With reference to one country of the region, analyze the role of either positivism or indigenismo in the development and consolidation of modern states in Latin America between 1865 and 1929. 157. With reference to at least one country of the region from the late nineteenth century to the early twentieth century, discuss the impact of the development of the modern state on the Native American population in one country of the region. 158. How did Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Dubois differ on the best ways to advance African-Americans in the US? 159. Assess the significance of Booker T Washington in the advancement of African-American rights. 160. Compare and contrast the ideas of Booker T. Washington and W.E. B. Dubois on improving the position of African-Americans in the United States. 161. Compare and contrast the aims and tactics of the following leaders in their efforts to improve the situation of African Americans between 1865-1929: Booker T. Washington; WEB Dubois; Marcus Garvey. 162. Compare and contrast the views of Booker T. Washington and Martin Luther King Junior on the advancement of African-Americans. 163. Examine the reasons for, and the impact of, the Harlem Renaissance. 164. What were the major goals of the Progressives in the US and to what extent were they achieved by 1920? 165. In what ways, and for what reasons, did the aims of the progressives appeal to people in the Americas from the late 1890s to 1914? Support your answer with specific evidence from one or more countries in the region. 166. Define what the Monroe Doctrine was and analyze how it was applied in the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century. Support you answer with specific examples. 167. Compare and contrast the impact of territorial expansion on the development of two countries of the region between 1885 and 1919. 168. Compare and contrast the Latin American policies of two US presidents between 1900 and 1930. 169. The United States policies of the Big Stick and Moral Diplomacy in Latin America had different motives but similar consequences. To what extent do you agree with this statement? 170. Trace the evolution of United Sates foreign policy in regards to Cuba from 1898 to 1959. 171. Why did the US intervene so frequently in Central America before the Second World War? 172. How far was the Spanish-American War a turning point in relation between the United States and Latin America? 173. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of foreign investments in TWO Latin American countries in the period 1900-1950. 174. The US fought the Spanish-American War of 1898 to obtain Cuba s freedom from Spain. To what extent to you agree with this statement? 175. To what extent was US policy towards Latin America dominated by "Dollar Diplomacy" between 1880 and 1929? 176. Discuss the domestic impact of the First World War on two countries of the Americas. 177. How far was the United States successful in implementing a "closed-door policy" in Latin America between 1898 and 1914? 178. Compare the Latin American policies of two US presidents between 1900 and 1945. 179. Analyze the reasons for the expansionist foreign policy of the United States during the period 1880-1929. 180. Compare and contrast the foreign policy f the United States in two different Latin American countries between 1880 and 1929. 181. Analyze the social impact of the First World War in two countries of the Americas. 182. In what ways, and for what reasons, did one country of Latin America participate in the First World War? 183. Evaluate the arguments that took place in the United States over ratification of the Versailles Treaty following the First World War. 184. What similarities and difference were there in the foreign policies of Theodore Roosevelt and Franklin D. Roosevelt? 185. Was Woodrow Wilson's Latin American policy consistent with his Fourteen Points? 186. Define the United States policy of Moral Diplomacy and discuss its impact on the region. 187. Compare and contrast Woodrow Wilson and Franklin D. Roosevelt's Latin American foreign policy. 188. With reference to one state in either the Caribbean or mainland Latin America, assess the advantages and disadvantages of foreign investment in that state during the first half of the twentieth century. 189. Compare and contrast the aims and achievements of peasant revolutionaries in Cuba and Mexico in the Twentieth century. 190. Analyze the key developments of United States policy in Latin America in the period 1898 to 1936. 191. With reference to two countries in the region analyze the reasons for, and the effects of, the Good Neighbor Policy of the US. 192. The main aim of Franklin Roosevelt s policy towards Latin America (1933-1945) was to improve relations between the two regions. Assess the validity of this statement. 193. Evaluate the effects of Roosevelt's Good Neighbor Policy in the Americas. 194. Discuss the treatment of people of Japanese origin in two countries of the Americas during the Second World War. 195. Examine the major stages of the Mexican Revolution (1910-1920) and explain the programs of three of the most important leaders. 196. To what extent did foreign intervention prolong the Mexican Revolution? 197. Compare and contrast the aims of Pancho Villa and Emiliano Zapata in the Mexican Revolution (1910-1923). 198. Why did the Mexican Revolution last so long? 199. Examine the successes and failure of Álvaro Obregón rule (1920-1924). 200. Compare and contrast the aims and methods of Villa and Zapata in the Mexican Revolution. 201. Examine the impact of the educational reforms of Vasconcelos. 202. Compare and contrast the political and economic policies of Plutarco Elías Calles and Lázaro Cárdenas. 203. Examine the impact of the Mexican Revolution on two of the following: the arts; education; music. 204. What were the results of the Mexican Revolution? 205. To what extent were social factors the main cause of the outbreak of revolution in Mexico in 1910? 206. For what reasons, and in what ways, were Mexican revolutionary leaders supported by foreign powers, especially the United States between 1910 and 1922? 207. "In the period prior to the start of the Mexican Revolution, political factors contributed more than economic factors to the maintenance of power of Porfirio Diaz." Discuss. 208. "The Mexican state dealt successfully with post-revolutionary challenges between 1920 and 1940." Discuss. 209. Lázaro Cárdenas rule renewed the ideals of the Mexican Revolution. To what extent do you agree with this statement? 210. Analyze the influence of the Mexican Revolution on the arts. 211. The revolution that began in New Mexico in 1910 was the point genuine of the many Latin American revolutions up to that main point." To what extent do you support this statement?

212. Who deserves the title "Father of the Mexican Revolution" and why? 213. Compare and contrast the aims of Francisco Madero and Venustiano Carranza during the Mexican Revolution. 214. Assess the successes and failure of the Plutarco Elias Calles presidency. 215. At times a rebel against injustice, at times an undirected destructive force, but Pancho Villa was always a national hero. To what extent do you agree with this statement? 216. What were the economic problems, which caused the Mexican Revolution, and to what extent were they solved by the Constitution of 1917? 217. Evaluate the extent to which the leaders of the Mexican Revolution could be considered as either "revolutionaries" or "reformers. 218. Analyze the role of the United States in the Mexican Revolution. 219. For what reasons, and with what results, did Populist movements emerge in Latin America in the first half of the twentieth century? Support your answer with specific examples from one country of the region. 220. "The Mexican revolution of the early twentieth century was not one but two revolutions, led by the reformers and the other by revolutionaries." To what extent do your agree with this view. 221. By the end of the 1920s the original objectives of the Mexican Revolution had been abandoned. To what extent do you agree with this judgment? 222. How successful were both moderates and radicals in achieving their aims in the Mexican Revolution by the end of the 1920s? 223. What were the political causes of the Mexican Revolution of 1910? 224. Why did the United States withdraw from European affairs after the First World War but maintain its involvement after the Second? 225. Analyze the economic causes of the 1920s boom in the US. 226. Explain why some Americans gained greatly from the economic boom of the 1920s, and why others did not share fully in the prosperity. 227. The prosperity of the 1920s in the Americas was more apparent than real. Using examples from two countries of the region, evaluate the validity of this statement. 228. With reference to at least one country of the region, to what extent was the Wall Street Crash of 1929 a cause of the Great Depression? 229. Analyze the causes of the Great Depression in one country in the Americas. 230. In what ways, and with what results, did Canada address the problems caused by the Great Depression? 231. Assess the responses to the Great Depression of either G Vargas in Brazil or the Concordancia in Argentina, in the 1930s. 232. To what extent was the Wall Street Crash a cause of the Great Depression of 1929? Support your argument with specific examples from one country of the region. 233. "To what extent did the Great Depression contribute to political instability in one country in Latin America? 234. "The New Deal had a greater impact on the political system than on the economic system in the United States." Discuss. 235. Franklin D. Roosevelt s greatest achievement was to make a more financially secure United States. To what extent do you agree with this statement? 236. How effective was the New Deal in solving the problems facing the United Sates in the 1930s? 237. What lasting changes did the Great Depression (1929) bring to the economic structure of any two countries of the region? 238. What were the problems of labor in the Great Depression, and how did two countries of the region attempt to solve them? 239. Evaluate the programs of two countries in the region for solving the Depression (1929) problems of labor and farmers. 240. Why was there opposition to the New Deal policies of Franklin D. Roosevelt? 241. The Great Depression changed governments view of their role and responsibility. With reference to two countries of the region, to what extent do you agree with this statement? 242. To what extent was Franklin D. Roosevelt s response to the Great depression conservative rather then radical? 243. With reference to specific groups and individuals, analyze their reasons for opposition to the New Deal (1933-1939). 244. Examine the impact of the Great Depression on women and minorities in either the United States or Canada. 245. How, and with what success, did the government of any one country in the Americas try to solve the problems caused by the Great Depression? 246. With reference to one country of the region, analyze the causes of the Great Depression and assess the political impact of the Great Depression on that country. 247. How successfully did any one Latin American country deal with the challenges brought about by the Great Depression? 248. How successful were attempts at hemispheric cooperation in the region between 1933 and 1945? 249. Analyze the measure taken by any two countries of the Americas in reaction to the Holocaust. 250. Analyze the diplomatic impact of the Second World War on either Canada or one country of Latin America. 251. The original of all hemispheric cooperation in the Americas between 1933 and 1945 lay in the Good Neighbor Policy. To what extent do you agree with this statement? 252. How did the Second World War affect any TWO countries in Latin America? 253. Analyze the social and economic effects of the Second World War on one country in the region. 254. The atomic bombs were necessary to end the Second World War. To what extent do you agree with this statement? 255. Using specific examples assess the success of regional cooperation in the hemisphere since 1945. 256. To what extent was there "hemispheric cooperation" prior to and during the Second World War? 257. To what extent were attempts at hemispheric cooperation successful before and during the Second World War? 258. "The potential of the as for hemispheric cooperation is largely untried. How far would you agree of disagree with this statement? 259. Describe the role of the United States and at least ONE other country of the region in WWII. 260. Examine the military and diplomatic role of two countries in the region during World War II. 261. "By December 1941, the United States was a belligerent in all but name." Comment on this statement with regards to United States foreign policy in the decade before Pearl Harbor. 262. Assess the impact of the Second World War on the economy of one country from the region. 263. Why did the United States become involved in World War II? 264. "The Second World War changed the relationship of the New World with the old as significantly as the wars of independence." In what ways is this and accurate statement? 265. What were the results of the Second World War for any two countries in the region? 266. Assess the social impact of the Second World War on women and ethnic minorities in any one country of the region.

267. In what ways were women and minorities affected by World War II in any two countries of the region? 268. "The changes in the role of women since 1940 can be contributed more to the impact of wars than to the feminist movement." With specific reference to changes in two countries of the region, assess the accuracy of this statement. 269. The Second World War greatly transformed inter-american diplomacy and economic interaction in the years 1939-1945. To what extent do you agree with this statement? 270. With reference to one country of the region, evaluate the impact of the Second World War on the economy and on minority groups. 271. Compare and contrast the rise to power of two populist leaders in Latin America between 1945 and 1979. 272. Compare and contrast the ways in which Vargas and Peron maintained themselves in power. 273. For what reasons, and with what success, was there opposition to the Vargas regime between 1930 and 1945? 274. In what ways, and to what extent, were the policies of either Vargas or Peron successful in achieving their aims? 275. What were the causes and characteristics of Peronism? 276. Why did Marxism become popular in Latin America after 1960? Support your arguments with examples from at least TWO countries in Latin America. 277. Compare and contrast the social policies of two leaders in the Americas from the mid 1940s to the 1970s. 278. How did the Cold War change relations between the US and Latin America between 1953-1979? 279. Who supported and who opposed Juan Peron in Argentina between 1943 and 1955? 280. Analyze the reasons for the longevity of Fidel Castro's rule in Cuba. 281. "Cuba, unlike other Latin American countries, has created a true social revolution." How valid is this assessment of the impact of Castro's regime up Cuba? 282. Analyze the short-term and longer-term consequences of Cuba between 1959 and 1995 of Castro s rule. 283. For what reasons, and with what results for the economy of Cuba, did Castro become ruler of Cuba? 284. For what reasons, and by what means, did either Peron or Vargas obtain power? 285. Why and where has the US intervened in Central American and the Caribbean since the Second World War and with what results? 286. To what extent was the use of the atomic bomb in World War II a political rather than a military decision? 287. To what extent did domestic events lead to a political and social revolution during the post-second World War period in either Guatemala or Nicaragua? 288. Analyze the impact of the Cold War on Latin America in the period 1945 to 1960. 289. Examine the reasons for, and methods of, US intervention in Chile in the early 1920s. 290. Evaluate the factors that influenced US military intervention in Korea. 291. Discuss the aims of President Kennedys Alliance for Progress and analyze its impact on Latin America during the 1960s. 292. Analyze the impact of the Cold War on the foreign policy of either Canada or one country of Latin America from 1945-1965. 293. Analyze the successes and failures of President Kennedy s foreign policies towards Latin America between 1961 and 1963. 294. Explain why the Cold War provided favorable circumstances for the establishment of military leaders in any two countries in Latin America. 295. Analyze the successes and failures of Castro s social and economic policies in the period between 1960 1990. 296. How did the foreign policies of the United States government respond to the previous threat of Communist aggression during the late 1940's and early 1950's? 297. Where and with what effect has the Truman Doctrine been applied in foreign policy? 298. Examine the effects of McCarthyism on society and culture in the United States from the late 1940s to the late 1950s. 299. "The failures of American politicians and not those of the US armed forces lost America the war in Vietnam." Discuss this assessment of events in Vietnam between 1961 and 1975. 300. The outcome of the Vietnam War was determined not on the battlefield, but on the television screen. How far do you agree with this judgment? 301. In what ways, and with what results, did the Cold War influence relations between either Latin America or Canada with the United States in the period 1945 to 1957? 302. "The Vietnam War had a disastrous effect on the presidencies of both Lyndon B. Johnson and Richard Nixon." To what extent do you agree with this statement? 303. Analyze the effects of the Vietnam War on the United States. 304. Explain the changing nature of the United States involvement in Vietnam between 1963 and 1975. 305. Why, and with what consequences, did the United States get involved in Korea? 306. Which US president has left the greatest impact on foreign policy since 1945? 307. Discuss the impact of the Korean War on two countries of the Americas. 308. Discuss the reaction of either Canada or Latin America towards the US involvement in the Vietnam War. 309. Compare the policies of two US presidents in regard to the Soviet Union between 1945 and 1985. Which was more successful and why? 310. Analyze the successes and failure of Woodrow Wilson s domestic and foreign policies. 311. In what ways, and to what extent, did Eisenhower's foreign policy demonstrate the limits of American power in the 1950s? 312. Analyze the political impact of the Vietnam War upon the US between 1964 and 1974. 313. With reference to their arms and actions, examine the foreign policy of one of the following presidents of the US: Truman; Eisenhower, Carter, or Reagan. 314. Compare and contrast the Cold War policies of two of the following US presidents: Harry S Truman, Dwight D. Eisenhower, or Ronald Reagan. 315. Analyze the aims and achievements of the foreign policies of Harry S Truman and George Bush, Sr. 316. Assess the successes and failures of the foreign policies of either Harry S Truman, Jimmy Carter, or Richard Nixon. 317. Analyze the successes and failures of the foreign policies of either Richard Nixon (1969-1974) or George H W Bush (1989-1993). 318. Their domestic policies brought significant improvements to the lives of many people in the United States. To what extent do you agree with this verdict on the domestic policies of either Lyndon B. Johnson or Ronald Reagan? 319. Assess the achievements and limitations of the domestic polices of one of the following presidents: Lyndon Johnson, Jimmy Carter, or Ronald Reagan. 320. To what extent were the social programs of Kennedy's New Frontier successful?

321. Compare and contrast the domestic policies of Jimmy Carter (1977-1981) and Ronald Reagan (1981-1989). 322. Assess the successes and failures of Nixon s domestic policies (1969-1974). 323. Analyze the reasons for the United States involvement in Vietnam between 1953-1968. 324. President George H W Bush s domestic policy (1989-1993) was a failure. To what extent do you agree with this statement? 325. Assess the presidency of Richard Nixon with reference to both domestic and foreign policy. 326. Evaluate the domestic and foreign policies of Lyndon B. Johnson. 327. For what reasons, and with what results, did President Johnson attempt to establish a Great Society in the United States? 328. In what ways, and to what extent, was one populist leader in Latin America successful in achieving economic independence during the period 1945-1979? 329. President Reagan s policies brought great benefits to the United States in the period 1981-1989. To what extent do you agree with this statement? 300. In what ways did the foreign policy of the United States change during the Eisenhower administration? 301. Kennedy s Alliance for Progress was a turning point in the history of relations between North America and Latin America. To what extent do you agree with this statement? 302. By the late 1960s it seemed to many Americans that the forces of chaos and radicalism were taking control of the nation. To what extent did the domestic policies of either Richard Nixon or Jimmy Carter address this situation? 303. The presidency of Ronald Reagan marked a turning point in the United States domestic affairs. With reference to the period 1980-2000, to what extent do you agree with this statement? 304. Assess the successes and failures of the foreign policies of either Eisenhower or Kennedy. 305. Assess the successes and failures of Bill Clinton s presidency. 306. At the time they left office, both President Truman and Eisenhower were both given low ratings in Presidential greatness polls. They are now both ranked among the top ten presidents. What factors account for this change? 307. To what extent was Truman successful in his domestic policies as president of the United States (1945-1953)? 308. In what ways, and to what extent, did the foreign policy of Ronald Regan affect the Cold War? 309. Analyze the foreign policy of President George H W Bush towards two countries of the region. 310. Assess the achievements and limitations of the domestic policies of any two Presidents of the US in the period 1961 to 1988. 311. How successful was the US Supreme Court in challenging segregation in the US during the 1950s and 1960? 312. With what justification could it be said that Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X had similar philosophies but used different methods to campaign for civil rights? 313. Martin Luther King, Jr. and Malcolm X had similar philosophies but used different methods to campaign for civil rights. To what extent to you agree with this statement? 314. Evaluate the contribution of either Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. or Malcolm X to the Civil Rights Movement. 315. Examine the extent to which the native peoples of one country of the Americas advanced their civil rights after 1945. 316. Assess the aims and impact of the Black Panthers between 1966 and the 1970s. 317. Analyze the reasons for Native American activism in one country of the region after the 1960s. 318. Compare the significance of the events at Little Rock, Arkansas in 1957 with those at Birmingham, Alabama in 1963 in the campaign for civil rights by African Americans. 319. Evaluate the impact of Black Power on the civil rights movement in the United States during the second half of the 1960s. 320. In what ways, and for what reasons, were there differences in the philosophy and methods of the campaigns for civil rights of Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X? 321. Account for the development of the Civil Rights movement in the US during the 1950s. To what extent had the movement achieved its aims by the time of the March on Washington? 322. Why was the African American Civil Rights Movement in the United States more effective in the years 1954 to 1964 than in the last 1960s? 323. With reference to two United States presidencies between 1945 and 1969, assess the role of the US Federal Government in the achievement of African-American civil rights. 324. In what ways, and for what reasons, did the civil rights movement in the United States make significant progress in the period 1950 to 1964? 325. "White the US national government attempted to advance civil rights for African Americans, state and local governments resisted change." Discuss. 326. To what extent can Martin Luther King be said to have achieved his goals in the Civil Rights movement? 327. How successful was the US governmental institutions in advancing civil rights for African Americans after 1945? 328. Compare and contrast the impact of the Feminist movements in two countries of the Americas after 1945. 329. For what reasons, and in what ways, did the Civil Rights movement in the United States become more radical between 1965 and 1968? 330. What caused the women's liberation movement of the 1960s, and what did it accomplishment in any two countries of the region? 331. In what ways, and to what extent, did the role and status of women change in one country of the region during the twentieth century? 332. "Native peoples are finally standing up for themselves but with very limited success." Assess this judgment with at least two examples, each chosen from a different country in the region. 333. With reference to two countries of the region, to what extent did the civil rights of Native Americans change from the 1960s to the 1980s? 334. Why did the Native American movement emerge in one country of the region in the 1960s? 335. Evaluate the successes and failures of the feminist movement in one country of the region during the period 1945-1979. 336. How successful have minority groups been in the use of political action in any two countries of the region since 1945? 337. In what ways, and for what reason, did women s role in society change after 1945? Support your answer with specific examples from one or more countries of the region. 338. For what reasons, and with what results, were women s movements active between the 1960s and 1980s? Illustrate your answer with examples from one country of the region. 339. Economic challenges helped bring about the restoration of democracy in Latin America during the 1980s. Discuss this statement with references to one country of the region. 340. To what extent did Cesar Chavez advance the civil rights of Hispanic Americans in the US after 1945?

341. Analyze the aims and impact of two of the following regional agreements: Pacto Andino; NAFTA; and Mercosur. 342. Technology is a new type of imperialism. Discuss this statement with reference to the impact of technology upon at least one country in the Americas during the twentieth century. 343. Analyze the reasons for the transition to democracy in one country of Latin America in the 1980s and 1990s. 344. To what extent was the Organization of American States successful in achieving its aims in the period 1950 to 1970? 345. Analyze the aims and impact of the NAFTA agreements. 346. Assess the achievements of two regional trade agreements. 347. To what extent do you agree with the view that during the last decades of the twentieth century, access to new technology increased the gap between rich and poor nations? 348. Examine the positive and negative aspects of the impact of the Inter-net on society in one country of the region. 349. Examine the impact of globalization on any one country of the region in the last 20 years of the 20 th century. 350. To what extent did Chretien (1993-2003) resolve Canada's domestic problems during his premiership? 351. Examine the reasons for, and the impact of, economic cooperation in the Americas between 1980 and 2005.