INDUSTRIAL COURT OF MALAYSIA 6(18)/4-1353/12 BETWEEN SHANMUGAM A/L SUPRAMANIAM AND MALAYSIAN AIRLINES SYSTEM BERHAD AWARD NO: 819 OF 2018

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INDUSTRIAL COURT OF MALAYSIA 6(18)/4-1353/12 BETWEEN SHANMUGAM A/L SUPRAMANIAM AND MALAYSIAN AIRLINES SYSTEM BERHAD AWARD NO: 819 OF 2018 Before Venue : Y.A. TUAN GULAM MUHIADDEEN BIN ABDUL AZIZ - CHAIRMAN : Industrial Court, Kuala Lumpur. Date of reference : 6 September 2012 Dates of mention Dates of Hearing Claimant s Written Submission : : : 6 November 2012, 4 December 2012, 8 January 2013, 7 February 2013. 18 March 2013, 10 April 2013, 2 May 2013, 3 June 2013, 8 April 2014, 5 February 2015, 14 May 2015, 9 June 2015, 2 June 2016 and 10 June 2017. 24 July 2017 and 25 July 2017. 10 November 2017 Company s Written Submission : 26 September 2017 Representation : Encik V. Kanagaratnam Malaysian Airline System Employee s Union (MASEU) (Representative for the Claimant) Cik Jamice Anne Leo Selvanathan with Encik Arjun Chandra Kumar (PDK) Messrs. Shook Lin & Bok (Learned Counsel for the Company) 1

AWARD The reference of the Honourable Minister of Human Resources is regarding the dismissal of Shanmugam A/L Supramaniam (hereafter referred to as the Claimant ) by Malaysia Airlines System Berhad (hereinafter referred to as the Company ) on 26 August 2011. The reference was dated 6 September 2012 and received by the Court on 13 September 2012. Background Facts The Claimant commenced employment with the Company on 14 November 1991 as a Traffic Hand. The Claimant s last position was Traffic Hand and his last drawn basic salary was RM1,575.00 and also entitled to Uniform Laundry Allowance of RM60.00 and Shift Allowance of RM100.00. On 13 May 2011, the Claimant was stopped and searched by the Malaysia Airport Berhad s ( MAB ) security personnel at the Staff Entrance of the Penang International Airport as he was carrying pieces of cardboard boxes and plastic sheets ( the said items ) out of the airside area. The attending security personnel logged evidence of the said items by taking photographs of the same. They further confiscated the Claimant s airport pass and immediately drew up an Incident Report which was submitted to their superior. In the Incident Report, the Security Personnel stated as follows: Pada jam lebih kurang 04.50hrs saya Sjn PB 7041 Mohamad Sapri dan Konst. PB 7099 Mohd Taufiq membuat pemeriksaan mengejut di Staf Entrance bersama anggota Operasi Konst. Hazwahadini telah menahan seorang kakitangan MAS Trafik Hand di laluan kakitangan aras 2 kerana membawa keluar kotak dan plastik 2

daripada kawasan airside. Beliau dibawa ke bilik Task Force bersama barang bukti untuk disoaljawab. Setelah disoaljawab didapati beliau juga tidak mempunyai borang pengisytiharan barang. Tindakan anggota Task Force menahan Pas KSE (Tetap) selama 02 minggu dan barang bukti ditahan untuk tindakan seterusnya. Untuk makluman pihak Tuan ini adalah kesalahan kali kelima pelbagai kesalahan dilakukan sejak tahun 2008, dua daripadanya adalah kes seperti di atas. Sekian laporan saya untuk tindakan Tuan selanjutnya. Nama : Shanmugam A/L Subramaniam No. K/P : 621012-07-5301 Majikan : MAS (Trafik Hand) Pas Tamat : AUG 20112 Following this, on 19 May 2011, MAB s Security Department issued a letter to the Company s Station Manager at Penang International Airport informing him of the incident on 13 May 2011 involving the Claimant and further states as follows: 3. Untuk makluman pihak tuan, ini adalah kesalahan kelima pelbagai kesalahan dilakukan oleh beliau sejak tahun 2008 dan dua daripadanya adalah kes seperti di atas. Ini adalah merupakan kesalahan yang serius yang telah dilakukan oleh penama di mana beliau seringkali tidak mematuhi prosedur keselamatan lapangan terbang. Pas keselamatan beliau telah ditahan dan beliau tidak dibenarkan mengambil sebarang pas keselamatan selama dua minggu berkuatkuasa mulai daripada 19 Mei 2011 (sehingga selesai siasatan dijalankan terhadap beliau). On 30 May 2011, the Company issued a letter to the Claimant suspending him for fourteen (14) days with full pay pending investigations. On 23 June 2011, the Claimant was issued a Notice to Show Cause in which two allegations of misconduct were levelled against him as follows: 3

Tuduhan 1 Bahawa anda sebagai Pekerja Trafik, di Jabatan Operasi Lapangan Terbang yang berpengkalan di Lapangan Terbang Antarabangsa Bayan Lepas Pulau Pinang, pada 22hb Mac 2011 lebih kurang antara jam 1500 petang hingga 1600 petang dan pada 13hb Mei 2011 lebih kurang jam 0650 pagi, didapati telah mengambil dan menyimpan harta syarikat tanpa kebenaran iaitu bungkusan plastik dan kotak-kotak terpakai dengan membawa keluar melalui Laluan Kakitangan Aras 2 tanpa kebenaran. Anda dengan ini telah melakukan satu perbuatan salahlaku yang bertentangan dengan syarat-syarat perkhidmatan anda dengan syarikat seperti yang tercatat di bawah Fasa 16, Perenggan 16.1 di dalam Lampiran A. Acara Tatatertib Penerbangan Malaysia, jika sabit kesalahan anda boleh dikenakan hukuman yang berat. Tuduhan 2 Bahawa anda sebagai Pekerja Trafik, di Jabatan Operasi Lapangan Terbang yang berpengkalan di Lapangan Terbang Antarabangsa Bayan Lepas Pulau Pinang telah didapati melanggar dan engkar arahan yang telah dikeluarkan sebelum ini supaya tidak mengulangi kesalahan yang anda telah lakukan tetapi anda masih berdegil dan terus mengulangi melakukannya walaupun telah diberi surat amaran, kaunseling dan juga telah dihukum melalui penahanan sementara pas tetap selama dua (2) bulan oleh pihak keselamatan Malaysia Airport Sendirian Berhad. Anda dengan ini telah melakukan satu perbuatan salahlaku yang bertentangan dengan syarat-syarat perkhidmatan anda dengan syarikat seperti yang tercatat di bawah Fasa 11, Perenggan 11.1 di dalam Lampiran A. Acara Tatatertib Penerbangan Malaysia, jika sabit kesalahan anda boleh dikenakan hukuman yang berat. The Claimant replied to the Notice to Show Cause on 4 July 2011 and stated among others as follows; (i) He admitted to removing the cardboard boxes and plastic sheets from the airside area; (ii) That he did not know that the removal of the cardboard boxes and plastic sheets were an offence/misconduct; (iii) If it was in fact an offence/misconduct, he apologise for his actions; and 4

(iv) The cardboard boxes and plastic sheets were found in the rubbish bins. The Company found the Claimant s explanation to the charges to be untenable. In this regard and in consideration of all the surrounding circumstances, the Company dismissed the Claimant by Notice of Termination dated 26 August 2011 with immediate effect. The Claimant appealed by way of letter dated 7 September 2011 against the Company s decision to dismiss him. However the Company, upon consideration of the appeal rejected the same. The Law The function of the Industrial Court in a reference under s.20 of the Industrial Relations Act 1967 has been clearly stated by the Federal Court in the case of Goon Kwee Phoy v J & P Coats (M) Sdn. Bhd. [1981] 1 LNS 30; [1981] 2 MLJ 129 where His Lordship Raja Azlan Shah, CJ (Malaya) stated at p. 136: Where representations are made and are referred to the Industrial Court for inquiry, it is the duty of that Court to determine whether the termination or dismissal is with or without just cause or excuse. If the employer chooses to give a reason for the action taken by him the duty of the Industrial Court will be to inquire whether that excuse or reason has or has not been made out. If it finds as a fact that it has not been proved, then the inevitable conclusion must be that the termination or dismissal was without just cause or excuse. The proper inquiry of the Court is the reason advanced by it and that Court or the High Court cannot go into another reason not relied on by the employer or find one for it. 5

In the case of Wong Yuen Hock v Syarikat Hong Leong Assurance Sdn. Bhd. & Another Appeal [1995] 3 CLJ 344 at p. 352 Mohd Azmi FCJ delivering the grounds of judgment of the Court had this to say: On the authorities, we were of the view that the main and only function of the Industrial Court in dealing with a reference under section 20 of the Act (unless otherwise lawfully provided by the terms of reference) is to determine whether the misconduct or irregularities complained of by the management as the grounds of dismissal were in fact committed by the workman, and if so, whether such grounds constitute just cause or excuse for the dismissal. In our opinion, there was no jurisdiction by the Industrial Court to change the scope of reference by substituting its own reason. Burden and Standard of Proof The burden of proving misconduct that justifies dismissal lies on the employer who has to establish such misconduct to the standard of a balance of probabilities. In Century Mahkota Hotel Melaka & Anor v. Michele Geraldine Kensler [1999] 3 ILR 60, the Industrial Court stated: "It is settled law that in cases of direct dismissal such as this, the burden is always on the employer to satisfy the Court by way of cogent and convincing evidence, albeit on a balance of probabilities that such misconduct as are alleged have indeed been committed by the employee and if so, whether it deserves a dismissal." 6

In Ireka Construction Berhad v. Chantiravathan Subramaniam James [1995] 2 ILR 11, it was stated that: "It is a basic principle of industrial jurisprudence that in a dismissal case, the employer must produce convincing evidence that the workman committed that offence of which the workman is alleged to have been dismissed. The burden of proof is on the employer to prove that he has just cause or excuse for taking the decision to impose the disciplinary measure of dismissal upon the employee. The just cause must be, either a misconduct, negligence or poor performance based on the case. Evaluation and Findings The primary allegation against the Claimant is the unauthorised removal of cardboard boxes and plastic sheets from the airside area of the Penang International Airport. From the following evidence, it is obvious that the Claimant admitted to the said removal from the airside area, namely, (i) In his Witness Statement the Claimant states as follows: 4. S. Merujuk kepada surat tuduhan bertarikh 23hb. Jun 2011, adakah anda tahu bahawa bungkusan plastik dan kotak-kotak terpakai yang anda membawa keluar adalah satu kesalahan? J. Tidak. 5. S. Di manakah anda jumpa barang-barang tersebut? J. Saya jumpa barang-barang tersebut di tong sampah dan di merata-rata tempat. 7

(ii) Statement in Investigation dated 30 May 2011: J1. Sewaktu dalam perjalanan memasuki pejabat Ramp, saya telah terlihat beberapa keping kotak lama yang diletakkan berhampiran locker kakitangan. Saya telah mengambil kotak tersebut, lalu telah menyusun serta mengikatnya dan telah meletakkannya berhampiran locker kakitangan di hadapan pejabat Ramp kemudian saya telah pergi ke trolly bagasi untuk mengutip plastik buruk. Setelah saya mengambil plastik yang tersebut, saya telah mengikatnya lalu membawanya keluar bersama-sama dengan kotak buruk yang telah saya ikat tadi melalui laluan kakitangan. S10. Di manakah anda telah mengambil kotak dan plastik yang tersebut? Kotak telah saya jumpai berhampiran locker kakitangan Traffic MAS manakala plastik telah saya pungut dari trolly MAS. S.11. Apakah tujuan anda mengambil kotak dan plastik yang tersebut? Kotak dan plastik yang dibuang itu diambil untuk dijual. S12. Dimanakah anda menjual kotak dan plastik yang tersebut? Di mana-mana kedai berhampiran Bayan Lepas. S13. Adakah anda meminta kebenaran dari pihak atasan MAS untuk mengambil plastik yang tersebut bagi tujuan untuk dijual? Tiada. S16. Adakah anda mengakui bahawa gambar lelaki yang sedang membawa satu bungkusan plastik melalui laluan kakitangan di aras dua LTAB Pulau Pinang pada 22hb Mac 2011, pada jam lebih kurang 1527hrs sepertimana yang 8

tercatat di gambar tersebut adalah gambar anda? Ya, gambar lelaki tersebut adalah saya. S17. Apakah tujuan anda membawa plastik yang tersebut keluar? Untuk dijual bagi menyara hidup. S18. Di manakah anda mengambil plastik yang tersebut? Dekat trolly bagasi MAS. S19. Adakah anda meminta kebenaran dari pihak atasan MAS untuk mengambil plastik yang tersebut bagi tujuan untuk dijual? Tiada. S20. Adakah anda mengakui bahawa pada 21hb Mac 2008, pihak Keselamatan MAB telah menahan anda sewaktu anda hendak membawa keluar plastik penutup bagasi melalui Pos Kawalan Keselamatan MAB Gate 03? Tidak pasti tetapi biasa mereka tahan saya di situ kerana membawa plastik buruk keluar. (iii) The Claimant admitted that the person in the CCTV images seen carrying cardboard boxes and plastic sheets was him. (iv) In cross-examination during the trial of this matter the Claimant states as follows: Tengok bundle hijau, mukasurat 20, COB1, En. Shanmugam diberi show cause kerana pada 22.3.2011 mereka nampak Encik Shanmugam keluarkan plastik, tengok MS21, ini jawapan Encik Shanmugam ya, Encik Shanmugam sendiri tulis surat ini, saya tidak tahu barang yang saya keluarkan.. 9

Jumpa dalam tong sampah Encik Shanmugam mengaku memang keluarkan plastik betul? Ya. Tapi saya nak tahu, tadi mukasurat 48, SMG sudah diberitahu, tengok muka surat 21 kata saya tak tahu ini serious offence. Kenapa 3 tahun buat lagi? Saya tahu kesalahan tapi saya kutip sebab orang lain kutip. Di mukasurat 30 COB-1, sini Encik kata plastik dan kotak lama itu dibuang di tempat tong sampah. Sebenarnya plastik dan kotak lama itu ditempat locker dan troli, bukan tong sampahkan? Dua-dua tempat saya kutip. Kenapa masa sekuriti tanya soalan dalam siasatan lain dan jawapan dalam show cause lain? Ada sikit campur. As a consequence of the above, the Claimant s airport security pass was detained for two weeks. The Company s Witness, Muhammad Fauzi bin Mahayuddin ( COW-2 ) who was the Senior Manager, Industrial Relation, Business Integrity Department, testified that MAB is the Malaysian Airport Company that manages most of the airports in Malaysia. This includes the management and upkeep of airport facilities as well as airport security. The Company is an airline operator and rents the usage of the airport facilities from MAB. Although the Company has its own security divisions which is responsible for its own flight operations, MAB is responsible for security of the entire airport area in Malaysia. The conduct of the Claimant had caused disrepute to the Company. 10

Shahiza bt Mohamad Sariff ( COW-1 ), the Company s former Head of Human Capital (Northern Region) testified that airside area is the security areas accessible to aircraft, including runways, taxiways and apron/ramps. She further stressed that the removal of boxes and plastic sheets from the airside area is deemed to be an offence. The plastic sheets and boxes are used when the baggage are transported to the aircraft for loading or when it is being unloaded. These are property belonging to the Company and are usually handed over to MAS Cargo for disposal. COW-1 further reiterated that the said item was the property of the Company as follows:- You said these are property are handed over for disposal. Any instructions of this sort that it should be given for disposal? Or is it your understanding or what? To my understanding those are company s items and it is not allowed to be carried out from office premises by unauthorised personnel. But earlier you said this is not company property. Can you confirm that these are company s items? Yes. Any proof to show it? Those items are in the companies premises by default it is company s belongings. Q ; You were asked about the boxes and sheets and if there was MAS logo on it, explain why you say it was not necessary to check if the logo was on the box? Regardless, whether the Company logo is on the box or not, it is still the company s belongings. 11

On 23 August 1999, the Company issued a Circular to all staff reminding them that the unauthorised removal of property of the Company is a serious misconduct and may result in dismissal. The Disciplinary Procedure of the Company under Appendix A also provides that the removals of Company property are acts of misconduct. Clause 16 of the Disciplinary Procedure states as follows: Without prejudice to the generality of the term misconduct it shall be deemed to include the following:- 16. Removal of Company Property. 16.1. Removing without proper authority Company property or property entrusted to the Company from the aircraft or company premises. The Claimant confirmed in cross-examination that he was aware of the policies and procedures of the Company and the consequences of failing to comply with the same as follows:- Encik Shanmugam lihat di sini, mukasurat 5 ikatan warna hijau, di perenggan 4 ia berkata bahawa tuan akan tertakluk kepada peraturan-peraturan pekeliling dan arahan-arahan yang dikeluarkan oleh Syarikat dari masa ke semasa. Syarikat akan mengambil tindakan tatatertib terhadap tuan/puan sekiranya didapati melanggar peraturan serta arahan tersebut. Tuan/puan dikehendaki mengambil tahu akan Peraturan Tatatertib Sistem Penerbangan Malaysia Berhad. Sekiranya tuan/puan ingin menyemak peraturan tersebut, sila berhubung dengan Ketua Jabatan tuan/puan. Encik Shanmugam faham dan setuju? Ya. 12

Encik Shanmugam faham? Dia kata peraturan-peraturan pekeliling, arahan-arahan dan syarat-syarat dari Syarikat mesti ikutkan? Ya, betul. Kalau tidak ikut, syarikat akan ambil tindakan tatatertibkan? Ya, betul. Encik Shanmugam, tengok ms13, ini adalah, tengok ms15, itu tanda tangan Encik Shanmugam? Ya. Encik Shanmugam tengok mukasurat 13, nombor 4, dia kata mencuri, menipu atau tidak jujur adalah satu salahlaku kan? Ya. Encik Shanmugam tengok nombor 31, dia kata jika membawa keluar harta benda syarikat ia adalah satu salahlaku? Setuju? Betul. Mukasurat 5 dokumen sama ini, tengok soalan 23, masa itu Encik Shanmugam tahu kalau ambik barang tanpa kebenaran ia adalah salah? Tahukan? Ya, tahu. Based on the above evidence, the claimant was aware of the policies and procedures of the Company. However, the Claimant deliberately and indignantly failed to comply with the same. In the case of Ahmad Aziz Othman v Felda Palm Industries Sdn. Bhd. [2014] 1 ILR 382, upheld the dismissal of the employee in view of breaches of company policies in the following terms:- 13

[39] The claimant conceded in cross-examination that he signed the Visitor Gate Passes on 7 February 2007 and 10 June 2008 as COW4 was on leave and it is the procedure according to the company s Prosedur Memasuki Pintu Utama.. Clearly, the claimant was in breach of the company s Standard Operating Procedure and prudent practice when the claimant instructed the Auxiliary Police Officers not to issue the Visitor Gate Pass to the lorry in question. The claimant owed a duty of trust and confidence in the performance of his duty as an Assistant Manager but in the circumstances and factual matrix of this case, the claimant had breached such duty. The court is inclined to agree with the submissions of the company that the claimant had failed to exercise the responsibilities and accountabilities expected of an employee in his position. It is clear from the evidence that the claimant had chosen to blatantly ignore the standard procedures and guidelines that had been placed to safeguard the company and its interest. [emphasis added] Zulkifli Abdul Latif v Sistem Penerbangan Malaysia Berhad [2006] 3 ILR 1923, the Industrial Court affirmed the dismissal of employee on the grounds of his noncompliance with the relevant company procedures. The following was the relevant finding of the Court: [42] In the court s view none of the above mentioned reasons stated by the Claimant form part of the said Procedures. Based on the evidence of the claimant, I am of the view that none of the emotional and superficial reasons stated by the claimant are satisfactory to exculpate himself from not complying with the mandatory requirements of the said Procedures. I am of the firm view that the said Procedures are in existence to be complied with as the claimant knew, should or must have known or ought to have known them. The Court in the Zulkifli Abdul Latif (supra) case further state as follows in respect of an employee s deemed knowledge of the Company s policies and procedures:- 14

[28] In the court s view even if there was uncertainty as whether CO14 was in fact placed on the said Notice Board the important question to be determined is whether the claimant having been so many years in the company (for about 13 years) knew, should or must have known or ought to have known regarding the said procedures for purchasing rebated tickets by his conduct. This fact cannot be ignored. I am of the view that having read the evidence of the witnesses in the notes of proceedings the claimant knew or should know or must have known or ought to have known regarding the said Procedures. [Emphasis added] Accordingly, the Claimant must be deemed to have had the requisite knowledge of the applicable rules, provisions and procedures of the Company. The Claimant stated in cross-examination that he was not aware of the Circular dated 23 August 1999. Despite his purported lack of knowledge, the Claimant was verbally warned, on numerous occasions by the MAB Security Department, and issued a written warning by the Company on 20 June 2008, not to remove property belonging to the Company without authorisation. The Company had on 28 March 2008 issued a show cause letter to the Claimant as follows; Dear Encik Shanmugam, SHOW CAUSE LETTER ATTEMPT TO REMOVE AIRCRAFT BAGGAGE PLASTIC SHEET FROM SECURITY POST GATE 3 We received a letter from Head Security Unit, Malaysia Airports Sdn. Bhd. (MASB) ref(18) MASB.PP/9/02.1 Jld. 8 dated 27 March 2008 who mentioned that:- 1. On 21 March 2008, MASB Task Force stopped you from attempting to remove aircraft baggage plastic sheet from Security Post Gate 3. 2. You have tried to bring these aircraft baggage plastic sheets out through the staff entrance at the terminal building before this incident and have been given a warning by their Security Personnel not to do it. 15

3. As a result of the incident on 21 March 2008, your MASB Airport Pass has been confiscated pending investigation into this case. Kindly submit a written explanation to me within 3 days on receipt of this letter the reason for your act of misconduct and why disciplinary action should not be taken against you. Thank you. Yours sincerely - Signed - Zulkifli bin Mohamed STATION MANAGER PENANG. The Claimant replied to the show cause letter on 10 April 2008 as follows: 10 th April 2008 Station Manager Mr. Zulkifli bin Mohamed PENANG AIRPORT (SHANMUGAM s/o SUPRAMANIAM) (S/No: 19930-9) Saya Shanmugam s/o Supramaniam ingin menyatakan perkara tersebut mengambil plastic berkenaan adalah dari trolley dan di tempat buangan. Saya mengutip untuk menampung perbelanjaan anak-anak saya. Diminta Encik Zulkifli bin Mohamed pertimbangkan perkara tersebut. Diberitahu Bukan saya saja yang mengutip ramai MAB staff yang mengutip plastic dan lain-lain lagi. The Company on receipt of the Claimant s letter issued a warning letter dated 20 June 2008 as follows: Dear Encik Shanmugam, SHOW CAUSE LETTER ATTEMPT TO REMOVE AIRCRAFT BAGGAGE PLASTIC SHEET FROM SECURITY POST GATE 3 We acknowledge receipt of your letter of explanation dated 10 April 2008 on the above-mentioned subject in reply to our letter ref PENKD 061 PF dated 28 March 2008. A thorough investigation was conducted by Security Department into your case taking into consideration your past records as well. This serves as a warning to you not to repeat a similar offence in future otherwise appropriate action will be taken against you. As such, even if he was not aware of the specific Circular dated 23 August 1999, he was aware that he was not permitted to remove properties belonging to the Company. 16

In amplification, the Claimant admitted that he was warned not to remove property belonging to the Company but he failed to heed to the same. The Claimant s representative raised the issue that the said items were merely disposable boxes and plastics sheets which are of no material importance to the Company. COW-2 testified that even though the said items are disposable items, it cannot be removed without due authorisation. The value of the said items is not material but the action committed by the Claimant has somewhat effected the Company s image because the Company received the report from MAB who is a third party and managing the airport security and affairs. The Claimant was wearing the Company s uniform with logo while carrying the said item from the airside area. The Claimant was also stopped and warned by the MAB Security Department on many occasion but still continued to do the same. In Ros Sazilla Rashid & Anor v. Sistem Penerbangan Malaysia Bhd. [2013] 1 ILR 490 the two employees were the stewardess and steward of the Company respectively. They were dismissed for having found in possession 3 bottles of Dom Perignon Vintage 1996 which were reported missing from the bar cart of the first class cabin of a MAS aircraft returning from London. It was held that:- [22] The Court makes reference to the case of K A Sanduran Nehru Ratnam v. I-Berhad [2007] 1 CLJ 347, where the Court of Appeal held that the correct approach that the court must take in the adjudication of the issues of this nature before it is not the condition or the type of the material that was taken out, but the taking out without authorisation. This should be the relevant consideration. The value of the material taken out would be immaterial. What is material is that the material was the company s property and the claimant was not authorised to take it out of the company s premises. [Emphasis Added] 17

Therefore, there is no basis in the Claimant s contention that the said items taken out by the Claimant are of no material importance to the Company. The value of the plastic sheets and boxes are immaterial here. What is imperative is the fact that the Claimant removed the said item from the Company s premises without any authority. In the circumstances, the Company has proved the charges on balance of probabilities and that it had terminated the Claimant s employment with just cause and excuse. Is the Dismissal Justified? The Company, in view of the seriousness of the misconduct committed by the Claimant, decided that dismissal was the most appropriate punishment. The Company s Senior Manager, Industrial Relations, Business Integrity Department, Encik Muhammad Fauzi bin Mahayuddin ( COW-2 ) explained the reasons as follows:- Q.14 : Please tell the Court why the Company dismissed the Claimant. The Claimant s act of removing Company property from the Company premises is a very serious misconduct. The Claimant was fully aware that his actions were serious misconducts as he had been previously cautioned for similar incidences. Further, the Claimant had agreed to abide by all disciplinary rules and regulations imposed by the Company when he signed his contract of employment in 1991 (see pp. 4-15), COB). The Company s strict policy on unauthorized removal of the property of the Company was reiterated to the Claimant by way of a Circular dated 23.8.1999 (see p.16-9, COB). This Circular emphasizes that the unauthorized removal of property and possession of property is a serious misconduct and the disciplinary punishment imposed, if found guilty, would include 18

dismissal. This Circular also reminds employees of the Company that they will be liable to security checks by the police, Department of Civil Aviation or MAS Security (see paragraph 3, p.17, COB). It was during this security checks that the Claimant was found to be in possession of the plastic sheets and cardboard boxes (see pp. 23 25, COB). In the circumstances, the Claimant had been found to have committed an act of misconduct when he breached the rules and regulations imposed by the Company (see para 16.1 and 11.1 Appendix A (Acts of Misconduct) of the Company s Disciplinary Procedure at pp. 23 and 25, COB-2). The Claimant s collective actions of repeatedly committing the same offence despite prior cautions and further denying knowledge that his actions were in breach of the Company s policy are indicative of his intention to continue to disregard Company policy. Given the circumstances, and as the Claimant had been previously warned, the Company viewed this case very seriously and exercised its managerial prerogative to terminate the services of the Claimant. [Emphasis Added] In Roslan Mohamed Noor v Malaysian Airlines System Berhad [2013] 2 LNS 0419, the employee was found to be in possession of the passenger oxygen mask and breathing oxygen system component which belonged to the Company and the items were meant to be the aircraft s emergency equipment for breathing purposes. The Claimant alleged that he took the items from the rubbish bin in front of his office but the Industrial Court held that it did not entitle him to take it without the permission of the Company. The Company issued a Circular to all staff on 19 th December, 2006 vide SGMHR 192/06 that unauthorized possession of Company s property by staff during the course of their daily activities would be considered as serious misconduct. In affirming the dismissal of the employee, the Industrial Court held as follows:- 19

As regards the punishment, it has been submitted that the claimant was a long standing employee of 17 years and that his misconduct did not cause severe financial loss to the company. The fact that the said parts were of nominal value is irrelevant [see K.A. Sanduran Nehru Ratnam supra]. Punishment is a management prerogative and the court cannot imposed its view on the employer, so long as the employer had acted reasonably. [see British Leyland [UK] Ltd. V. Swift [1981] ICR 524] which was approved by the Federal Court in Ng Hock Cheng v Pengarah Penjara & Ors [1998] 1 CLJ 405. In the instant case, the company had made it clear that employees within the KLIA area were liable to security checks and they must ensure that they were not in possession inter alia of any items used by the company or items similar to those used by other airlines. The Claimant in spite of having worked for 17 years with the company yet did not heed the company s warning. In the circumstances, the punishment of dismissal is certainly warranted. [Emphasis Added] In K.A. Sanduran Nehru a/l Ratnam v I-Berhad [2007] 2 MLJ 430, the employee was dismissed for the removal of 1.5 litre of thinner belonging to the employer. The Industrial Court concluded that as the loss suffered by the employer was minimal, the dismissal was not reasonable or justified. On judicial review to the High Court, the High Court remitted the matter for readjudication before a different Chairman. On appeal, the Court of Appeal found as follows: [26] We are of the view that the learned judge adopted the correct approach when he said that what matters is not type off thinner that was taken out, but the taking out of 1.5 litre of thinner without authorization. It is not disputed that the thinner was taken out without authorization. We are also of the view that the learned judge was right when he found that the Industrial Court had committed an error in law in finding that the thinner that was taken by the appellant was not the thinner that was used for the mixing of paint and that it was unwanted thinner. The evidence clearly showed that the thinner used for mixing paint in the store was the same thinner that was given upon request for cleaning the spray gun and the worker s hands. In relation to this, we noticed that the learned Chairman had also taken into account an irrelevant consideration in arriving at the decision that she 20

made, namely, that the respondent only suffered a loss which is minimal as it involved only 1.5 litre of thinner. We are of the view that the value of the thinner which was taken out of the factory by the appellant is immaterial. What is material is that the thinner was the respondent s property and the appellant was not authorized to take it out of the respondent s premises. [Emphasis Added] Conclusion For reasons adumbrated and having regards to the evidence in its totality, the Court is of the considered view that the Company has proved on a balance of probability that the Claimant's termination was reasonable and justified. Based on equity and good conscience and the substantial merit of the case without regard to technicality and legal form, the Court find that the Claimant's termination was carried out with just cause or excuse. The claim is hereby dismissed. HANDED DOWN AND DATED THIS 12 APRIL 2018 tt (GULAM MUHIADDEEN BIN ABDUL AZIZ ) CHAIRMAN INDUSTRIAL COURT OF MALAYSIA AT KUALA LUMPUR 21