PAD 6025 Theoretical Perspectives in Public Policy

PAD 6025 Theoretical Perspectives in Public Policy Wednesday 5:30-8:15pm; BEL 015, Fall 2012 Instructor: Professor Fran Berry Office Hours: 649 Bellamy Wednesday 3:00-5:00pm Thursday 3:30-5:00pm Telephone: 644-7603 Email: fberry@fsu.edu Class Page: http://www.campus.fsu.edu Course Objectives: This seminar in public policy is a core requirement for doctoral students in the Askew School of Public Administration and Policy, and is suitable for doctoral or advanced master s students enrolled in other programs who want to learn more about theoreticallybased studies of public policy. We will examine the primary theoretical frameworks used in political science and public administration policy research, and we will emphasize the role of theory in empirical policy research. There is an extensive literature related to each of these theoretical frameworks; the class will read and discuss some of the important recent works as well as relevant classics. Our focus will be on how key questions are developed for testing using policy frameworks, and the research designs and methods to carry out the studies which are mostly empirically-based studies. Students are not expected to have a high degree of competency in multiple regression and other research methods although such knowledge will be helpful in understanding the articles. We will not focus on the research methods per say as most of the Askew School doctoral students are taking this course their first semester. A seminar is distinguished from a class in that students in a seminar are expected to provide the major set of intellectual stimuli for consideration, with the instructor guiding and assisting students and, during discussions, assisting in the synthesis of diverse student input. The seminar will be collegial in the sense that there is a genuine search for answers to some of the more vexing intellectual problems associated with the study of public policy. Ultimately, however, the success of the seminar as a learning experience for all participants will depend on the commitment and participation of each class member. Course Requirements and Grading: Students will be expected to be full participants in shaping the character of the seminar; and this requires all students to come to class prepared to discuss the readings for each session. There are six requirements: 1) to write and distribute discussion questions and serve as co-class discussion leader one week, 2) to write a short assessment paper of two weeks of the class readings, 3) to write two short papers/exams on questions I will give you (in lieu of a final exam), 4) to prepare a comprehensive research design proposal or a research paper, and. 5) to give a short presentation of your research paper in class. Each of these is discussed more here, and in handouts.

(1) Class Discussion Leaders and Discussion Questions The students who are the week s discussion leaders will be required to write questions that cover the week s readings and send them to Prof. Berry by Sunday evening for review and editing. We will post the questions on the readings to the Blackboard class site by Monday at 5:30pm 48 hours in advance of their class meeting. These questions should help us discuss key ideas, how the article fits in the historical development of the approach, and how it is relevant to policy debate or not. Questions that ask class members to recite factual material are not appropriate for our discussion. Rather the questions could ask about the choices made in the research, and critique and assess the readings. What are their strengths and weaknesses? How do they connect to other theories or policy work? What is creative about the scholarship? How well do the research design and methods answer the policy questions? How does the study advance the theory it uses, and our understanding of public policy? What criticisms can be made of the approach and article? (2) Short Assessment of the theoretical framework and Class Readings: Each student will also be required to write a short analytical paper (no more than 6 pages double-spaced) on the overall readings and framework of two of the weeks. The purpose of this paper is to discuss key topics, issues or arguments in the week s readings and evaluate them. This paper is not to be a summary of the week s readings, although a brief summary of key points may be necessary for the critique, but a critical assessment of themes and claims within the readings, such as a critique of an argument made by the author, or a synthesis of a method or line of reasoning made in the readings, or the application of the theory in an empirical article (either using qualitative or quantitative analysis) that the student reads in addition to the regular week s readings. Students can chose the week they write these short papers, except that I ask that your papers cover two separate policy topics, i.e., not the two weeks on innovation and diffusion. This short paper is due to me by 5:30pm on the day of the class of those readings and may not be turned in later after the class is over. (3) Essay Exams: Two short papers or exams (approx. between 7 and 12 pages double-spaced) answering questions similar to what would be on a final exam or the prelim exam for policy questions. Tentatively, I expect to give the questions to you on October 10 th and they will be due back October 24 th ; and on November 14 th and due back on November 28 th. These take the place of a mid-term and final exam, so no other exams are required for the class. (4) Research or Research Design or Theoretical Paper: For the class paper, you may write three types of research: (1) an in-depth literature review and research design for a proposed research project, (2) an empirical research paper (with an appropriate literature review etc.), or (3) a theoretically-based paper on a policy theory or issue. The project should use one of the theoretical frameworks we study in the class. Your paper should use the style guide of the American Psychological Association (APA). You will submit a short description of the paper by October 3 rd, a

literature review and initial research design by November 14 th when class presentations are made, and the final paper by December 10 th. These multiple dates will allow Prof. Berry to give feedback and guidance on your research before receiving the final paper. (5) Class presentation on your paper: The presentation will be about 5 minutes and a summary of what your paper is on. The presentation itself will not be graded but will allow you to receive feedback and comments from class members. Class Participation: Class participation is counted primarily by speaking up on class readings, the quality of your work in preparing questions, your work as class discussion leader, and contributing to the discussion rather than merely by attending class. I will give you a grade after your session leading the discussion as an indicator of your work as class discussion leader. Appointment for Research Paper and Interests: Each student should make an appointment to visit with me in my office during the first four weeks of class so I can learn more about your interests and background in doing policy work, and we can begin discussion of your paper topic. Each student shall prepare a research paper based on a policy theory or policy analysis framework. This assignment has a handout which will be posted to the Blackboard discussion site. Class Requirements and Grade Distributions Student performance will be evaluated as follows: Participation 15% Short Literature Critiques (10% each) 20% Research Design & Paper 35% Two written papers/exams (15% each) 30% University Attendance Policy: Excused absences include documented illnesses, deaths in the immediate family and other documented crises, call to active military or jury duty, religious holy days, and official University activities. Accommodations for these excused absences will be made and will do so in a way that does not penalize students who have a valid excuse. Consideration will also be given to students whose dependent children experience serious illness. I do keep track of attendance, and ask that you notify me when you are not going to be in class. Attendance is a factor in the class participation grade. Academic Honor Code: Students are expected to uphold the Academic Honor Code published in The Florida State University Bulletin and the Student Handbook. The Academic Honor System of The Florida State University is based on the premise that each student has the responsibility (1) to uphold the highest standards of academic integrity in the student's own work, (2) to refuse to tolerate violations of academic integrity in the university

community, and (3) to foster a high sense of integrity and social responsibility on the part of the university community. For a complete explanation of the Academic Honor Code. http://www.fsu.edu/books/student-handbook/codes/honor.html ACADEMIC CONDUCT To be acceptable, the written work you submit must reflect your own ideas and be written in your own words. A pundit once said, If you use fifty sources, you are a scholar; if you use one, you are a plagiarist. Academic dishonesty includes, but is not limited to: Plagiarism: quoting or paraphrasing the ideas or opinions of others without appropriate attribution in text citations and a reference list. This includes books, journal articles, conference presentations, published or unpublished papers and webbased materials. Fraud: submitting work that was not prepared by you, or which you have previously submitted for another class. Cheating: giving help to other students, or asking them for it, on the final examination. The consequence of academic dishonesty is a grade of F on the assignment in question, and being reported to the University Academic Honor Committee. Americans with Disabilities Act: Students with disabilities needing academic accommodation should: (1) register with and provide documentation to the Student Disability Resource Center; (2) bring a letter to the instructor indicating the need for accommodation and what type. This should be done during the first week of class. For more information about services available to FSU students with disabilities, contact the Student Disability Resource Center at 644-9566, SDRC@admin.fsu.edu, or visit the web site at http://www.fsu.edu/~staffair/dean/studentdisability/ Required Books: Paul Sabatier, 2007. Theories of the Policy Process, second edition. (Not the 1999 first edition) Westview Press, Boulder, CO. Anne Schneider and Helen Ingram, 1997. Policy Design for Democracy, University Press of Kansas. Course Outline and Schedule Aug. 29 th Course Overview and Introduction: By September 21 st, you should read the entire book Theories of the Policy Process to become acquainted with each of the major policy theories or frameworks we will be learning about this semester. Then if you are attracted to one of them, you may want to read ahead in that week to get better acquainted with the theory and use it for your policy paper. A few frameworks, such as policy implementation and policy tools are not included in the Sabatier book but are covered early in the course.

September 5 th Policy Implementation and Policy Tools Smith, Kevin and Larimar, Christopher. 2009. How Does it Work? Policy Implementation (Chapter seven) from The Public Policy Theory Primer. Westview Press. (This is a brief historical overview of the development of the policy and policy implementation field, and serves mostly as background.) (BB) Mazmanian and Sabatier, Implementation and Public Policy, 1983. Chapter 2 (BB) (This is an early version of model building, and serves as the foundation for the Advocacy Coalition theory that comes later.) Frances Berry, Wm. Berry and Steve Foster, The Determinants of Success in Implementing an Expert System in State Government, Public Administration Review, July/August 1998 (BB). Lael Keiser and Kenneth Meier, Policy Design, Bureaucratic Incentives and Public Management: The Case of Child Support Enforcement, Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 1996: pp. 337-64 (BB). Kelly LeRoux. 2011. Examining Implementation of the National Voter Registration Act by Nonprofit Organizations: An Institutional Explanation. Policy Studies Journal: 565-589. Policy Tools (Required) Tools of Policy: Lester Salamon Beyond Privatization: The Tools of Government Action, Chs. 1-2 (BB). Byungkyu Kim and Richard Fording, 2010. Second-Order Devolution and Implementation of TANF in the U.S. States. State Politics and Policy Quarterly 10:341-367. Optional Readings: Rigby, Elizabeth. 2007. Same Policy Area, Different Politics: How Characteristics of Policy Tools Alter the Determinants of Childhood Education policy. Policy Studies Journal 35(4): 653-669. Richard Maitland, 1995. Synthesizing the Implementation Literature: the Ambiguity-Conflict Model of Policy Implementation. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory. 5(2): 145-174 Aseem Prakash and Matthew Potoski. 2011. Voluntary Environmental Programs: A Comparative Perspective. Journal of Policy Analysis and Management 31(1): 123-138. Ringquist, Evan and David Clark. 1999. Local Risks, States Rights, and Federal Mandates: Remedying Environmental Inequities in the U.S. Federal System Publius 29(2): 73-93.

September 12 th Policy Typologies, Policy Theory, and the Role of Managers in Policy Theory Lowi, Theodore, American Business, Public Policy, Case Studies and Political Theory, World Politics July 1964: 677-715. (BB) {This is probably the most famous book review in political science. Lowi spends the first eleven pages critiquing pluralism and then develops an alternative approach in which policy determines politics rather than the reverse.} James Wilson. 1995. Pages from Political Organizations. (Princeton University Press. (BB) Smith, Kevin and Larimar, Christopher. 2009. Does Politics Cause Policy? Does Policy Cause Politics? (Chapter two) from The Public Policy Theory Primer. Westview Press. (BB) An example of research using policy typologies: Roh, Jongho and Frances Berry. 2008. Modeling the Outcomes of State Abortion Funding Referenda: Morality or Redistributive Policy or Both? State Politics and Policy Quarterly, January 2008. (BB) Policy Analysis and Policy Theory (Required): The Workshop: The Place of Policy Analysis in Political Science: Five Perspectives 1977. American Journal of Political Science 22(2): 415-432.(BB) Kim Quail Hill, In Search of Policy Theory Policy Currents 1997, page 1-9 ONLY http://apsapolicysection.org/vol7_1/71.pdf (also on BB) Management in the Policy Process (Required) Hicklin and Godwin. 2009. Agents of Change: The Role of Public Managers in Public Policy. Policy Studies Journal 37(1): 13-20. September 19 th Policy Subsystems Theories and the Advocacy Coalition Framework; Policy Attributes Paul Sabatier and Chris Weible, The Advocacy Coalition Framework: An Assessment, Sabatier, Ch. 7. Mintrom, Michael and Sandar Vegari. 1996, Advocacy Coalitions, Policy Entrepreneurs, and Policy Change, Policy Studies Journal 24:420-434. (BB) Chris Weible and Paul Sabatier. 2005. Comparing Policy Networks: Marine Protected Areas in California. Policy Studies Journal 33(2):181-

Elizabeth Shanahan, Michael Jones and Mark McBeth. 2011. Policy Narratives and Policy Process. Policy Studies Journal 39(3): 535-561. Readings that Focus on the Policy Content (a recent continuation from last week s work on policy types) (Required) Sean Nicholson-Crotty. 2009. The Politics of Diffusion: Public Policy in the American States. Journal of Politics 71(1): 192-205. Todd Makse and Craig Volden. 2011. The Role of Policy Attributes in the Diffusion of Innovations. Journal of Politics 73(1): 108-124. Chris Koski. 2010. Greening America s Skylines: The Diffusion of Low-Salience Policies. Policy Studies Journal 38(1): 93-117. Optional Readings: See the Special issue of Policy Studies Journal, August 2011 dedicated to A Quarter century of the Advocacy Coalition Framework Leach, Wm. And Paul Sabatier. 2005. To Trust an Adversary: Integrating Rational and Psychological Models of Collaborative Policymaking. American Political Science Review. 99 (4): 491-. (JSTOR and BB) September 26 th Social Constructivist or Intrepretivist Approach; Fiscal Federalism Social Construction (Required) Ingram, Schneider and deleon, Social Construction and Policy Design, Sabatier, Chapter 4 Anne. Schneider and Helen Ingram, Policy Design for Democracy, 1997. University Press of Kansas. Yanow, Dvora. 1992. Silences in Public Policy Discourse: Organizational and Policy Myths. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory 2 (4): 399-423. Schneider and Sidney, What is Next for Policy Design and Social Construction Theory? Policy Studies Journal, Vol. 37, No. 1, 2009, pages 103-119. Fiscal Federalism (Required) Sean Nicholson-Crotty. 2004. Goal Conflict and Fund Diversion in Federal Grants to the States. American Journal of Political Science 48(1): 110-122. Michael Craw. 2010. Deciding to Provide: Local Decisions on Providing Social Welfare, American Journal of Political Science 54(4): 906-920.

Optional Reading Fischer, Frank. 2003. Reframing Public Policy: Discursive Politics and Deliberative Practices. Oxford University Press, Oxford, England. Barrett, Deborah, and Amy Ong Tsui. 1999. Policy as Symbolic Statement: International Response to National Population Policies. Social Forces 78(1): 213-234. October 3 rd Networking Provan, Keith G., and H. Brinton Milward. 1995. A Preliminary Theory of Interorganizational Network Effectiveness: A Comparative Study of Four Community Mental Health Systems. Administrative Science Quarterly 40: 1-33 Schneider, Mark, John Scholtz, Mark Lubell et al 2003. Building Consensual Institutions: Networks and the national Estuary Program, American Journal of Political Science 47 (1): 143-159. Berry, Frances, Ralph Brower, Sang OK Choi, Wendy Xinfeng Gao, HeeSoun Jamg, Myungjung Kwon, and Jessica Word. Three Traditions of Network Research: What the Public Management Research Agenda Can Learn from Other Research Communities, Public Administration Review September/October 2004: 529-542. (BB) Provan, Keith and Patrick Kenis. 2008. Modes of Network Governance: Structure, Management and Effectiveness. JPART 10(1):229-252. Agranoff, Robert and Michael McGuire, Collaborative Public Management: New Strategies for Local Governments. Chapter 3 ONLY, Georgetown University Press, 2003. (BB) Michael McGuire and Chris Silva. 2010. The Effect of Problem Severity, Managerial and Organizational Capacity, and Agency Structure on Intergovernmental Collaboration: Evidence from Local Emergency Management. Public Administration Review 70(2): 279-288. Phillip Leifield and Volker Schneider. 2011. Information Exchange in Policy Networks, American Journal of Political Science. Pp. 731-744. Optional readings: Choi, Sang Ok and Ralph Brower. 2005. When Practice Matters More than Government Plans: A network Analysis of Local Emergency Management, Administration and Society, November. O Toole, Laurence J. 1997. Treating Networks Seriously: Practical and Researchbased Agendas in Public Administration. Public Administration Review 57(1).

Managing Complex Networks: Strategies for the Public Sector, ed. Walter Kickert, Erik-Hans Klijn, and Joop Koppenjan, 1997. Brint Milward and Keith Provan. 2006. A Manager s Guide to Choosing and Using Collaborative Networks. IBM Center for the Business of Government website. (free PDF download) www.businessofgovernment.org Agranoff, Robert and Michael McGuire, Collaborative Public Management: New Strategies for Local Governments. Georgetown University Press, 2003. October 3 rd 1 page description of your policy research design paper due October 10 th Explaining Policy Change: Policy Innovation & Diffusion Theories Berry, Frances and W.D. Berry, State Lottery Adoptions as Policy Innovations: An Event History Analysis, American Political Science Review, June, 1990 Berry, Bill and Brady Braybeck. 2006. Using Geographic Information Systems to Study Interstate Competition. American Political Science Review, 2006. (BB) Mintrom, Michael. 1997. Policy Entrepreneurs and the Diffusion of Innovation. American Journal of Political Science 41(3): 738-770. (BB) Volden, Craig. 2006. States as Policy Laboratories: Emulating Success in the Children s Health Insurance Program, American Journal of Political Science. Shippan, Charles and Craig Volden. 2008. The Mechanisms of Policy Diffusion. American Journal of Political Science. 4(4): 840-857 Baybeck, Brady, Wm. Berry and David Siegel, A Strategic Theory of Policy Diffusion via Intergovernmental Competition. Journal of Politics 2011. Gilardi, Fabrizio. 2010. Who Learns from What in Policy Diffusion Processes? American Journal of Political Science 54(3):650-666. Optional reading: Berry, Frances and W.D. Berry, Tax Innovation by American States, American Journal of Political Science (AJPS), August, 1992). Simmons, Beth A. and Zacjery Elkins. 2004. The Globalization of Liberalization: Policy Diffusion in the International Political Economy. American Political Science Review 98(1): 171-89. Jack Walker, The Diffusion of Innovations Among the American States, American Political Science Review, 1969: 880-99

Virginia Gray, Innovation in the States: A Diffusion Study, American Political Science Review 1973: 1174-93. Chris Mooney and Lee, Legislating Morality in the American States: The Case of Abortion Regulation Reform, AJPS Aug. 1995. Mintrom, Michael. 1997. Policy Entrepreneurs and the Diffusion of Innovation. American Journal of Political Science 41(3): 738-770. (BB) October 17 th No CLASSS October 24 th More on Diffusion and Innovation Research Frances Berry and Wm.Berry, Innovation and Diffusion Models in Policy Research, from Sabatier, Chapter 8. Glick, Henry and Steve Hays, Innovation and Reinvention in State Policymaking: Theory and the Evolution of Living Will Laws, Journal of Politics Aug. 1991 Shippan, Charles and Craig Volden. 2006. Bottom-Up Federalism: The Diffusion of Antismoking Policies from US Cities to States, American Journal of Political Science 50 (4): 825-43. Dobbin, Frank, Beth Simmons and Geoffrey Garret. 2007. The Global Diffusion of Public Policies: Social Construction, Coercion, Competition, or Learning? Annual Review of Sociology,33:449-72 (BB) Karch, Andrew. 2007. Emerging Issues and Future Directions in State Policy Diffusion Research. State Politics and Policy Quarterly 7 (1): 54-80. Teodoro, Manuel. 2009. Bureaucratic Job Mobility and the Diffusion of Innovations. American Journal of Political Science 53(1): 175-189. Lee, Chung-pin, Kaiju Chang and Frances Berry. 2011, Understanding Diffusion Models of E-government and E-democracy: A Global Perspective, Public Administration Review, April/May. Optional Readings: Lawrence Brown. 1998. Exceptionalism as the Rule? US Health Policy Innovation and Cross-National learning. Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law. 23(1): 35-47.

Moon, Jae and Peter Deleon. 2001. Municipal Reinvention: Managerial Values and Diffusion among Municipalities. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory. 11(3): 327-342. Berry, Frances. 2008. Innovators and Copycats: Path Dependency and Eight Other Models of Policy and Management Diffusion, paper presented at the American Political Science Association meeting. (BB) Christopher Lubienski. 2003. Innovation in Education Markets: Theory and Evidence on the Impact of Competition and Choice in Charter Schools. American Educational Research Journal, 40(2) 395-443. Chris Mooney. 2001. Modeling Regional Effects on State Policy Diffusion. Political Research Quarterly 54(1): 103-124. Karch, Andrew. 2007. Democratic Laboratories: Policy Diffusion Among the American States. University of Michigan: Ann Arbor. MI. Linos, Katerina. 2011 Diffusion through Democracy. American Journal of Political Science 55(3): 678-695. Steelman, Toddi. 2010. Implementing Innovation: Fostering Enduring Change in Environmental and Natural Resource Governance. Georgetown University Press: Washington, DC. Pacheco, Julianna. 2012. The Social contagion Model: Exploring the Role of Public Opinion on the Diffusion of Antismoking Legislation across the American States. Journal of Politics 75(1): 187-202. October 31 st Cooperation, Collaboration and Collective Action Hardin, Garret. The Tragedy of the Commons, Science, Dec. 13, 1968: 1243-48 (BB): {A classic piece of literature for political economy studies.} Elinor Ostrom, 1998. A Behavioral Approach to the Rational Choice Theory of Collective Action, American Political Science Review 22: 1-22. (JSTOR) E. Ostrom, An Assessment of the Institutional Analysis and Development Framework, Sabatier, Chapter 2 Lubell, Mark, Mark Schneider, John Scholz, and Mihriye Mete. 2002. Watershed Partnerships and the Emergence of Collective Action Institutions. American Journal of Political Science 46 (1): 148-163. (JSTOR) Christopher Hawkins. 2011. Smart Growth policy Choice: A Resource Dependency and Local Governance Explanation. Policy Studies Journal, 39(4): 679-707.

MORE MAY BE ADDED Optional readings: Richard Feiock and Hyung Jun Park Social Capital and the Formation of Regional Partnerships International Journal of Economic Development 4(2) 2003. (BB). Richard Feiock Regionalism and Institutional Collective Action in Metropolitan Governance: Conflict, Competition and Cooperation, Georgetown University Press 2004: Chapters 1 and 11. (BB) November 7 th Agenda Setting and Punctuated Equilibrium Cobb and Elder, Issues and Agendas. (BB, 5 pages) Frank Baumgartner and Bryan Jones,1991. Agenda Dynamics and Policy Subsystems, Journal of Politics 53(4):1044-1074. Zahariadis, The Multiple Streams Framework., Sabatier book, Chapter 4 True, Jones and Baumgartner, Punctuated-Equilibrium Theory. Sabatier Book, Chapter 6 Sharp, Elaine. The Dynamics of Issue Expansion: Cases for Disability Rights and Fetal Research Controversy. Journal of Politics, November 1994. (classic) David Lowery, Virginia Gray and Frank Baumgartner. 2010. Policy Attention in State and Nation: Is Anyone Listening to the Laboratories of Democracy? Publius: The Journal of Federalism 41(2):286-310. Pump, Barry. 2011. Beyond Metaphors: New Research on Agendas in the Policy Process. Policy Studies Journal 39 (S1): 1-11. Optional and classic readings on agenda setting: Jones and Baumgartner, Representation and Agenda Setting, PSJ, 2004. Cobb et al. Agenda Building as Comparative Political Process, American Political Science Review March 1976. 126-38. Michael Cohen, James March and Johan Olsen, 1972, A Garbage Can Model of Organizational Choice, Administrative Sciences Quarterly. (classic) Jones, Bryan. Bounded Rationality and Political Science: Lessons from Public Administration and Public Policy. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory. Oct. 2003.

November 14 th In Class Presentations of your Papers 1) Presentations of Paper outline and design: 5 minutes per student; 2) Also submit to Prof. Berry a written literature review and research design of what your paper will cover. November 21 st NO CLASS November 28 th Impact Studies and Policy Evaluation Comparative State Policy Studies: Blomquist, Wm. 2007. The Policy Process and Large-N Comparative Studies Chapter 9 in Sabatier, Theories of the Policy Process. Soss, Joe, Sanford Schramm, Thomas Vartanian and Erin O Brien. 2001. Setting the Terms of Relief: Explaining State Policy Choices in the Devolution Revolution American Journal of Political Science 45(2): 378-395. Policy Evaluation and Impact Studies: Meier, Ken, 1980. Executive Reorganization of Government. American Journal of Political Science, p. 396-411. Lewis-beck, Michael and Alford. 1980. Can Government Regulate Safety? American Political Science Review: 745-56. Travis, Morris et al. 2004. State Implementation of Federal Environmental Policy: Explaining Leveraging in the Clean Water State Revolving Fund. Policy Studies Journal, pp. 461. Xu, Hannaway and Taylor. 2011. Making A Difference? The Effects of Teach for America in High School. Journal of Policy Analysis and Management 30(3): 447-469. Kickham, Kenneth and David Ford. 2009. Are State Marriage Initiatives Having an Effect? An Initial Exploration of the Impact on Divorce and Childhood Poverty Rates. Public Administration Review September/October: 846-54. Optional readings: Ringquist, Evan and Kostadinova. 2005. Assessing the Effectiveness of International Environmental Agreements: The Case of Helsinki Protocol. American Journal of Political Science. Zimmer, Ron and Richard Buddin. 2009. Is Charter School Competition in California Improving the Performance of Traditional Public Schools? Public Administration Review September/October: 831-845.

Ringquist, Evan. 1993. Does Regulation Matter? Evaluating the Effect of State Air Pollution Control Programs Journal of Politics 55(4): 1022-1045. Moe, Terry. 2009. Collective Bargaining and the Performance of the Public Schools. American Journal of Political Science 53(1): 156-174. December 5 th Path Dependency and Historical Models Paul Pierson, 2000, Increasing Returns, Path Dependence and the Study of Politics, American Political Science Review. Thelen, Katherine, 1999, Historical Institutionalism and Comparative politics, Annual Review of Political Science. (BB) Adrian Kay, 2005, A Critique of the Use of Path Dependency in Policy Studies, Public Administration. A few more readings may be added. Dec. 10 th Research final papers due Dec. 10 th -14 th FINAL EXAM Week; NOTHING DUE!!! Course Timeline: A Summary A) Between September 4 th and October 1 st, Meet with Dr. Berry to talk about your interests and possible paper topics B) By September 21st, read the entire book Paul Sabatier, 2007, Theories of the Policy Process, second edition C) By October 3 rd class, write-up and give to Prof. Berry a short description of your policy research paper D) Between September 1 st and December 5 th, write two separate critiques of two of the week s readings and hand in each of them to Prof. Berry by the start of the class in which those readings are discussed. E) On October 10 th you will have a two essay exam that is due back on October 24 th. Again, on November 14 th an essay exam will be distributed that is due back on November 28 th. F) November 14 th, be prepared in class to give a short (5 minute) overview of your research paper question and research design. Turn into Dr. Berry a literature review and research design on what your research topic is and your paper will cover. This should be 3-10 pages in length (double-spaced).

In addition to the texts, you should become well acquainted with the leading journals in public management and policy, such as the Public Administration Review (PAR), the Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory (J-PART), the Policy Studies Journal (PSJ), and the American Review of Public Administration (ARPA). Political science journals also publish much policy work and these include the American Journal of Political Science, Policy Studies Review and State Politics and Policy Quarterly. Also, you are encouraged to regularly read GAO Reports (it s free and all publications are available via the Internet at http://www.gao.gov). Specialized journals include: Administration & Society Administrative Theory & Praxis Governing International Public Management Journal Journal of Public Management and Social Policy Public Productivity and Management Review State and Local Government Review Journal of Politics American Journal of Political Science American Political Science Review Journal of Policy Analysis and Management Social Science Quarterly Peabody Journal of Education Political Research Quarterly Public Administration (European) State Politics and Policy Quarterly Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis Journal of Management Studies Governance (European) Public Management Review (European) Academy of Management Review (or Journal) Urban Affairs Journal of Management (Private sector) A number of journals have data archives for datasets that people have used in articles. Examples include State politics and Policy Quarterly at http://www.ipsr.ku.edu/sppq/sppq.shtml