Early United States I can describe how thirteen colonies evolved into the United States. 4 I can make inferences that go beyond what was taught in class or connect and explain the 3.0 learning targets independently. 3 Declaration of Independence describe the influence of John Locke on the Declaration of Independence analyze the significance of the Declaration of Independence Articles of Confederation describe the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation Constitution analyze the purpose and outcome of the Constitutional Convention describe the influence of the Magna Carta on the Constitution describe the influence of the Mayflower Compact on the Constitution describe the influence of Montesquieu on the Constitution Bill of Rights analyze the struggle between federalists and anti-federalists over the ratification of the Constitution describe the influence of the English Bill of Rights on the Constitution analyze the Bill of Rights 2 I can demonstrate an understanding of the basic ideas and details of the learning targets that score a 3.0 on the scale. 1 With help, I can demonstrate an understanding of the basic ideas and details of each of the learning targets that score a 3.0 on the scale. 0 Even with help, knowledge of the learning targets is not demonstrated.
Daily Learning Target - separate pages 1.4 -- I can explain the purpose of the Constitutional Convention 1.5 -- I can compare and contrast the details of the Virginia Plan and New Jersey Plan I can describe how the Great Compromise resolved the conflict over representation in the Constitution 1.6 -- I can describe the compromise made over the issue of slavery
Key Terms Federalism - the distribution of power in [government] between the federal government (Washington DC) and the States Social Contract - an actual or hypothetical agreement between a community and its government; people voluntarily give up rights for the benefits of political [and social] order (speech v censorship) Ratification - to formally approve or sanction Natural Law - a body of unchanging moral principles regarded as a basis for all human conduct
Key Terms Additional Vocabulary Branch Compromise Convention Executive Legislature Judiciary Amendment Majority More
Review: What was the main goal of the First Continental Congress? to avoid a tyrannical government After endless boundary disputes, trade issues, and Shays Rebellion At the Annapolis Meeting of 5 states regarding trade, Alexander Hamilton called for a meeting of the States in Philadelphia to modify the A of C George Washington was nominated to head the convention
DLT 1.4 Doors were locked and windows closed; the Convention proceedings were documented by James Madison (AKA The Father of the Constitution) The delegates agreed that the Articles were too weak and set upon writing a new Constitution By late 1787, what was the goal of the Second Continental Congress?
Read p. 245: Some Challenges of the Constitution - Intro have a gov t strong enough to protect people s rights but not so strong as to oppress them So what has changed from the First Continental Congress? to find a balance between Fed. & St. govt (Federalism)
DLT 1.5 -- On the left-side page, draw a Venn Diagram like this one Big States (VA) vs. Small States (NJ) Plan population; and size Virginia Plan Big States Plan vs Small States Plan New Jersey Plan Both wanted 3 branches of government executive (president)-- enforce laws legislative (congress) -- create laws judicial (supreme court)-- interpret laws Both wanted a system of checks & balances The problem was on how to elect representatives
The Virginia Plan wanted representation of the 2 houses of legislature based on a State s population lower house - popular sovereignty (elected by the people of a state) upper house - elected by lower house The New Jersey Plan wanted single house legislature with equal representation -- 1 state; 1 vote Demonstration: I am buying dinner at Dine-out Night What would a King do? How does the VA Plan work? How does the NJ Plan work?
Big States Plan vs Small States Plan Virginia Plan New Jersey Plan lower house - popular sovereignty (elected by the people of a state) upper house - elected by lower house - 3 branches -checks & balances -Executive elected by Legislative -Judicial appointed by Legislative single house legislature with equal representation -- 1 state; 1 vote
The Great Compromise aka the The Connecticut Plan or Connecticut Compromise Roger Sherman proposed 2 houses The House of Representatives is based on population The Senate is equal representation -- 1 state; 2 Senators Did this solve the problem?
DLT 1.6 -- NO! What do you do with the slaves? Northern states had outlawed or were phasing out slavery and wanted it to spread to the entire country Southern agricultural states depended on slave labor Fearing that slavery would be outlawed, slave states threatened to break up the union To increase their number of representatives in the House, they wanted the slaves counted toward their population
3/5th Compromise was agreed to This allowed States to count their slaves as 3/5ths for both their population and taxation purposes Example: NC has 100,000 slaves = 60,000 to be counted toward its population = 1 rep/15k ppl. = 4 more representatives They further agreed not to ban the slave trade until 1808 Why does this matter? The South is OVERrepresented; can block anti-slavery proposals
Daily Learning Target - separate pages 1.4 - I can describe the details of the Virginia Plan and New Jersey Plan 1.5 -- I can describe how the Great Compromise resolved the conflict over representation in the Constitution 1.6 -- I can describe the compromise made over the issue of slavery in the Constitution