PRE-ELECTION NATIONAL SURVEY KEY FINDINGS, INDONESIA March 2014 Funding fr this survey was prvided by the United States Agency fr Internatinal Develpment. I F E S 2 5 Y E A R S LECTORAL SYSTEMS EINTERNATIONAL FOUNDATION FOR
Pre-Electin Natinal Survey Key Findings Indnesia, December 2013 2014 by IFES. All rights reserved. Permissin Statement: N part f this wrk may be reprduced in any frm r by any means, electrnic r mechanical, including phtcpying, recrding r by any infrmatin strage and retrieval system withut the written permissin f IFES. Requests fr permissin shuld include the fllwing infrmatin: A descriptin f the material fr which permissin t cpy is desired. The purpse fr which the cpied material will be used and the manner in which it will be used. Yur name, title, cmpany r rganizatin name, telephne number, fax number, e-mail address and mailing address. Please send all requests fr permissin t: Internatinal Fundatin fr Electral Systems 1850 K Street, NW, Fifth Flr Washingtn, DC 20006 E-mail: editr@ifes.rg Fax: 202.350.6701 This reprt is made pssible by the supprt f the American peple thrugh the United States Agency fr Internatinal Develpment (USAID). The cntents are the sle respnsibility f IFES and d nt necessarily reflect the views f USAID r the United States Gvernment.
Pre-Electin Natinal Survey Key Findings Indnesia, December 2013 In December 2013, Lembaga Survey Indnesia (LSI), with supprt frm the Internatinal Fundatin fr Electral Systems (IFES), fielded a natinal survey fcused n electral prcess issues in Indnesia. Key findings reveal that mst Indnesians say they are likely t vte in the 2014 electins, and are aware f and have cnfidence in electral authrities particularly in the electin cmmissin, the Kmisi Pemilihan Umum (KPU). They als say they need mre infrmatin abut a number f issues related t vting, plitical parties, candidates and their platfrms as well as ther aspects f the electral prcess. Mst citizens wh are eligible t vte als believe they are registered but lack infrmatin n the prcess t check their registratin status and, if necessary, add their name t the vter list. Methdlgy LSI s fieldwrk tk place frm December 17-30, 2013. The base natinal sample fr the survey cnsisted f 1,890 interviews in 33 prvinces f Indnesia. Additinal ver-sample interviews were als cnducted in select prvinces (Aceh, Maluku, Papua and West Papua). This reprt is based n weighted data that is representative f the natinal ppulatin f Indnesia. The margin f errr is +/- 2.3%. Sme findings in this dcument reference data frm previus IFES surveys cnducted in Indnesia in 2008, 2009 and 2010. IFES has wrked with Indnesian partners such as LSI t cnduct several surveys fcused n the electral prcess since 1999. These surveys prvide a valuable surce f trend data n electins in Indnesia, and prvide imprtant cntext fr the findings frm this year s survey. Key Findings Mre than tw-thirds f Indnesians are aware f the KPU, while there is lwer awareness f ther electral bdies. Amng thse aware f these electral bdies, there is a high level f trust in the institutins. A majrity f thse aware f the KPU are als satisfied with its handling f varius electral issues and its success in maintaining independence frm plitical pressures. Respndents were asked a series f questins as t whether r nt they are aware f varius electral institutins in Indnesia. Thse that are aware f a particular institutin were then asked hw much cnfidence they had in each institutin. Mre than half f Indnesians are aware f the KPU (67%), the electin versight bdy (Badan Pengawas Pemilihan Umum, Bawaslu) (52%), the Reginal Electin Cmmissin (Prvincial KPU) (51%) and the District Electin Cmmissin (District KPU) (52%). Less than half f Indnesians are aware f the District Electin Oversight Cmmittee (District Panwas) (48%), the Prvincial Electin Oversight Cmmittee (Prvincial Bawaslu) (43%) and the Hnrary Cuncil f Electin Management Bdies (Dewan Kehrmatan Penyelenggara Pemilu, DKPP) (25%). Amng Indnesians wh are aware f these electral institutins, a majrity exhibits trust in the electral institutins. Lembaga Survey Indnesia & Internatinal Fundatin fr Electral Systems Page 1
Pre-Electin Natinal Survey Key Findings Indnesia, December 2013 KPU 76% (an increase frm 2008 71%) Bawaslu 75% Prvincial KPU 77% District KPU 79% Prvincial Bawaslu 77% District Panwas 78% DKPP 80% Respndents were given a series f statements abut the wrk f the KPU and were asked if they were satisfied with the KPU s wrk in that area. Frty-fur percent says they are satisfied with the KPU s use f scial media t reach ut t vters in Indnesia. Additinally, 63% f Indnesians are satisfied with the KPU s perfrmance in cmpiling and establishing the vter list fr Electin Day; 61% are satisfied with hw the KPU ensures electin results are accurate; and 60% are satisfied with their wrk in infrming and educating the public abut the electin prcess. Finally, 56% say they are satisfied with hw the KPU maintains independence frm plitical pressures in its administratin f electins. At the same time that the vast majrity f Indnesians prfess a likelihd t vte in the upcming legislative electins, the majrity f Indnesians als say they d nt have much r any infrmatin abut the 2014 legislative and presidential electins. Only 22% say they have a great deal r fair amunt f infrmatin. The majrity f Indnesians reprt needing mre infrmatin n key electin issues such as vter registratin, where and when t vte, and hw t mark a ballt. Survey data indicates that while televisin is used fr electin infrmatin by all segments f the ppulatin, lcal fficials are als a primary surce f infrmatin particularly amng rural and lder residents. These findings suggest that a cmprehensive vter educatin effrt shuld use media, lcal fficials and infrmal surces f infrmatin t prvide vitally-needed infrmatin t the Indnesian electrate. Ninety percent f Indnesians say they are very likely t vte in the April 9, 2014, legislative electins with anther 9% indicating they are smewhat likely t vte in the electin. The vast majrity f respndents in all majr ppulatin subgrups say they are very likely t participate. When cnsidering the percentage f Indnesians wh say they are very likely t vte, it shuld be nted that the general pattern in pre-electin surveys is that the percentage f respndents prfessing a likelihd t vte is higher than the actual turnut fr an electin. Still, data frm the survey des indicate that turnut fr the 2014 legislative electins will be clse t r higher than turnut levels bserved during the 2009 legislative electins. While the majrity f Indnesians say they are likely t vte, the vast majrity als des nt believe that they have received much infrmatin abut the legislative and presidential electins. Fifty-tw percent f Indnesians say they d nt have very much infrmatin abut the electins, while a further 21% say they d nt have any infrmatin n the electins. Only 22% say they either have a great deal (2%) r a fair amunt (20%) f infrmatin n the upcming electins. Amng thse wh said they have n infrmatin at all, educatin seems t have a big impact, with 31% f thse having cmpleted elementary schl saying they have n infrmatin at all, cmpared t 7% f thse with cllege r university degrees. This data is similar t data frm the March 2009 natinal survey, when a few said they either had a great deal (1%) r a fair amunt (20%) f infrmatin abut the upcming electins. Lembaga Survey Indnesia & Internatinal Fundatin fr Electral Systems Page 2
Pre-Electin Natinal Survey Key Findings Indnesia, December 2013 Respndents were als asked a series f questins n whether they have enugh infrmatin n certain aspects f the electral prcess r whether they need mre infrmatin. Fifty percent f respndents say they need mre infrmatin n all f the electral prcesses, while 13% say they have sufficient infrmatin abut all f the electral prcesses. 67% need mre infrmatin abut vter registratin. 73% need mre infrmatin n participating plitical parties. 78% need mre infrmatin abut legislative candidates. 79% need mre infrmatin f party visins, missins and prgrams. 71% need mre infrmatin n where and when t vte. 69% need mre infrmatin n vting prcedures and hw t mark the ballt. 72% need mre infrmatin n seat allcatin. 72% need mre infrmatin n hw candidates are elected. When asked t name the dcuments that can be used t prve their identity at the plling statin. Frty-six percent say that vters can use a vting invitatin card, 35% mentin a vter card and 24% say that the natinal ID card (Kartu Tanda Penduduk, KTP) can be used t prve identity at the plls. It shuld be nted that the KPU des nt plan t issue vter cards fr this electin. Respndents were als asked t select the apprpriate way t mark the ballt fr the legislative electins. Sixty-eight percent crrectly mentin that the vter shuld punch the ballt. A significant percentage, hwever, mentin sme variant f checking the ballt as being valid (11% checking the ballt, 9% punching r checking the ballt, 2% punching and checking the ballt). The KPU has ruled that nly punching the ballt will be cnsidered a valid vte, and survey data indicates that this infrmatin shuld be made widely available befre the electin. Indnesians use a variety f surces t btain infrmatin abut electins. The majrity f Indnesians use televisin (65%) as their surce f infrmatin. Hwever, ther Indnesians turn t the head f the neighbrhd (rukun tetangga, RT) (16%); family and friends (17%); the head f the village (12%); newspapers and magazines (10%); and psters, billbards and pamphlets (10%) amng ther surces f infrmatin abut electins. The usage f televisin is highest in Aceh, where 78% use this surce, as ppsed t a lw f 41% in Bali, East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) and West Nusa Tenggara (NTB). Similarly, urban vters rely mre heavily n televisin (68%) as ppsed t thse in rural areas (52%). Televisin is used mre amng vters under 25 (70%) and thse frm 25-39 (70%), as ppsed t thse ver 54 (53%). Thse ver 54 are mre likely t rely n the head f the RT (24%) than thse under 25 (8%). The number f Indnesians that use different mediums fr infrmatin abut the electin mirrrs the trust in these different areas. Fifty-six percent f Indnesians say that they trust the televisin mst as a surce f infrmatin abut electins, fllwed by the head f the RT (13%), the head f the village (10%), and family and friends (8%). Trust f televisin as a surce f infrmatin is highest in Aceh (79%) and Kalimantan (69%), which cntrasts with a lw level f trust in Bali, NTT and NTB (31%). Overall, televisin is mre trusted in urban areas (63%) than it is in rural areas (49%). Indnesians were asked what they thught was the mst effect way t encurage peple t get ut and vte n Electin Day. Thirty-six percent said that advertising campaigns n televisin wuld be the mst effective methd fr encuraging peple t vte. Others say that the best way wuld be debates Lembaga Survey Indnesia & Internatinal Fundatin fr Electral Systems Page 3
Pre-Electin Natinal Survey Key Findings Indnesia, December 2013 r dialgues amng the candidates (8%), infrmal meetings (8%), talk-shw prgrams n televisin r radi (8%), and debates r dialgues amng the candidates (8%). Supprt fr televisin advertising campaigns was highest in Aceh (49%), whereas nly 13% f respndents in Bali, NTT and NTB mentin this ptin. The survey data shws that while mst Indnesians believe they are registered t vte, a significant percentage reprt that their husehld has nt been visited by smene in their cmmunity t check n their registratin status. The vast majrity f Indnesians als say they have nt seen any infrmatin n hw t check their registratin status, and a similar percentage reprt they have nt checked their vter registratin status. Eighty-six percent f Indnesians say they are definitely r prbably registered t vte. A slightly higher amunt f men (72%) cmpared t wmen (69%) say they are definitely registered and apprximately 15% f men and wmen say they are prbably registered. Residents f Bali, NTT and NTB are least likely t say they are definitely registered t vte (62%), while residents f Kalimantan are mst likely t vice this pinin (81%). Slightly ver half f Indnesians (53%) reprt that smene frm their cmmunity had cme t check their husehld s vter registratin status. In Bali, NTT and NTB, nly 40% say this is the case, the lwest amng all regins in the cuntry. Over tw-thirds f Indnesians say they have nt heard r seen any infrmatin n hw they can check the vter register fr the 2014 electins. Only 29% say they have heard r seen infrmatin n hw they can check the vter register. Indnesians wh have heard abut the ability t check the vter register have mstly received this infrmatin frm the televisin (53%), and RT heads and electin fficials (40%). Cnsistent with the findings abut infrmatin n checking vter registratin status, the survey finds that nly 33% f Indnesians have checked t see if their name is n the vter list. Infrmatin n hw t check ne s status is an imprtant factr in Indnesians checking their status. Amng thse wh have seen infrmatin n hw t check their status, 50% have checked; whereas, nly 25% f thse wh have nt seen this infrmatin checked their status. The survey finds that while mst Indnesians have a KTP (natinal ID card), amng thse 17-25, 15% d nt have a KTP. Eighty percent f Indnesians verall reprt having the new electrnic KTP (e-ktp). Data frm the e-ktp is the basis fr the ppulatin data given t the KPU s it can create the vter list. In Bali, NTT and NTB, apprximately equal numbers f residents reprted having the ld KTP (42%) as the new e-ktp (48%). Ninety-six percent f Indnesians reprt living in the place f residence listed n their KTP, with rughly equal prprtins f men (96%) and wmen (95%) reprting this. Fr thse interested in further infrmatin n this LSI-IFES survey, please visit www.rumahpemilu.rg t access this dcument as well as data charts n several imprtant issues cvered in this survey. IFES' funding fr the natinal electin survey is part f a USAID-funded prgram f electin and plitical prcesses assistance, made pssible by the generus supprt f the American peple. Lembaga Survey Indnesia & Internatinal Fundatin fr Electral Systems Page 4
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