SAMPLE OF ORGANIZATIONS PARTICIPATING IN CONSOLIDATED APPEALS AARREC ACF ACTED ADRA Africare AMIFrance ARC ASB ASI AVSI CARE CARITAS CEMIR INTERNATIONAL CESVI CFA CHF CHFI CISV CMA CONCERN Concern Universal COOPI CORDAID COSV CRS CWS Danchurchaid DDG Diakonie Emergency Aid DRC EMDH FAO FAR FHI Finnchurchaid FSD GAA GOAL GTZ GVC Handicap International HealthNet TPO HELP HelpAge International HKI Horn Relief HT Humedica IA ILO IMC INTERMON Internews INTERSOS IOM IPHD IR IRC IRD IRIN IRW Islamic RW JOIN JRS LWF Malaria Consortium Malteser Mercy Corps MDA MDM MEDAIR MENTOR MERLIN NCA NPA NRC OCHA OHCHR OXFAM PA (formerly ITDG) PACT PAI Plan PMUI PU RC/Germany RCO Samaritan's Purse SECADEV Solidarités SUDO TEARFUND TGH UMCOR UNAIDS UNDP UNDSS UNEP UNESCO UNFPA UNHABITAT UNHCR UNICEF UNIFEM UNJLC UNMAS UNOPS UNRWA VIS WFP WHO World Concern World Relief WV ZOA
TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY... 1 Table I. Summary of Requirements, Commitments/Contributions and Pledges...2 (grouped by IASC Standard Sector)...2 Table II. Summary of Requirements, Commitments/Contributions and Pledges...2 (Grouped by Appealing Organization)...2 2. CONTEXT AND HUMANITARIAN CONSEQUENCES... 3 2.1 CONTEXT AND RESPONSE TO DATE...3 2.2 HUMANITARIAN CONSEQUENCES AND NEEDS ANALYSIS...7 2.3 SCENARIOS...10 3. RESPONSE PLANS... 11 3.1 EARLY RECOVERY AND DISASTER RISK REDUCTION...11 3.2 HEALTH...12 3.3 EDUCATION...14 3.4 SHELTER...17 3.5 PROTECTION...18 4. ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES... 19 ANNEX I. FULL PROJECT LIST AND FUNDING TABLES... 20 Table III. Appeal Projects Grouped by IASC Standard Sector...20 Table IV. Total Funding per Donor (to Projects listed in the Appeal)...22 Table V. Total Humanitarian Assistance per Donor (Appeal Plus Other)...23 Table VI. List of Commitments/Contributions and Pledges to Projects not Listed in the Appeal 24 ANNEX II. ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS... 25 Please note that appeals are revised regularly. The latest version of this document is available on http://www.humanitarianappeal.net. Full project details can be viewed, downloaded and printed from www.reliefweb.int/fts. iii
NAMIBIA Reference Map Mongu Chiange Tombus Mavinga Cahama Senanga ANGOLA Katwitwi Otjihende Eenhana Uutapi Etanga Orotjitombo Otjiwarongo Ongango Luiana Oka vango OHANGWENA Oshakati Oruwanje Nepara Omuthiya Katanda OSHANA OSHIKOTO OMUSATI Sesfontein Fransfontein Khorixas SorrisSorris Ugab Uis Henties Bay Wlotzkas Baken Swakopmund Ebony Moroeloboom Grootfontein Otavi Bagani Outjo Maun OTJOZONDJUPA Okaputa Okav e Otjiwarongo Otumborombonge Erundu Okakarara Kalkfeld Sukses Omatjette Lake Ngami OMAHEKE NAMIBIA Omaruru Usakos Karibib Okahandja Wilhelmstal Trekkopje Arandis Namib KHOMAS Rooibank Rostock Omitara Witvlei Great Ums Noasanabis Isabis Tsumis Kang Hoachanas Mariental Maltahöhe Asab Lüderitz Goageb Au ob Tshabong Aroab Seeheim Noord Witputs AiAis Chameis Kanye Tsatsu Keetmanshoop Affenrücken Mittag Uubvlei Hotazel Tsaraxaibis Grünau Warmbad Christiana Ariamsv lei Suiderkruis Witsand SchweizerReneke Kuruman Nabas Karasburg Orange Mouth Kotzenshoop Vryburg Vredeshoop KARAS AngraJuntas Khakhea Brukkaros Presopes Tses Koës Berseba Bethanien Ausweiche No sso b Gochas Witbooisvlei Akanaus Eindpaal Sud Gibeon Elizabeth Bay Aranos Stampriet HARDAP Helmeringhausen Aminuis Derm Kub Haalenberg B O T S WA N A Brack Kalkrand Hottentotspunt Makgadikgadi (salt pans) Mamuno Gobabis Dordabis Rehoboth Atlantic Ocean Ghanzi Rietfontein WINDHOEK Walvis Bay Zilitene CAPRIVI Tsumkwe Guchab Tutara Okombahe ERONGO Kongola Rundu Ndonge Linona Katima Mulilo Tsumeb Abenab Okaukuejo Kamanjab Otjikondo KUNENE Kaiango Mulobezi KAVANGO Tsintsabis Etosha Pan Namutoni Otjozongombe Möwe Bay Za Ondjiva mene Ku Otue ezi mb Foz do Cunene ZAMBIA SOUTH AFRICA Boshof Upington Kakamas Kimberley Orange Port Nolloth Prieska Springbok Elevation (meters) Legend National capital 5,000 and above First administrative level capital 4,000 5,000 Populated place 3,000 4,000 International boundary 2,500 3,000 First administrative level boundary 2,000 2,500 1,500 2,000 0 100 200 300 400 km Disclaimers: The designations employed and the presentation of material on this map do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Map data sources: CGIAR, United Nations Cartographic Section, Europa Technologies, FAO, GEBCO. iv 1,000 1,500 800 1,000 600 800 400 600 200 400 0 200 Below sea level
1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY C O U N T R Y N A M E In early 2009 the northcentral and northeastern regions of Namibia experienced torrential rains which caused flooding along most of Namibia s northern borders. The water levels of the Cunene, Chobe, Zambezi and Kavango rivers increased dramatically due to the combined effects of rain and water from tributaries originating in Angola and Zambia. The floods affected 350,000 people (nearly 17% of the country s population), caused the death of 102 people, and displaced over 13,500 persons. In March 2009 Government and international humanitarian partners conducted assessments in the affected areas, identifying immediate and mediumterm humanitarian needs. Six regions along Namibia s northern border (Caprivi, Kavango, Oshana, Oshikoto, Ohangwena, and Omusati), home to the majority of the rural poor in the country, were worst affected. Many health facilities and schools were either flooded or inaccessible. More than 50% of the roads in the affected areas were damaged, and harvest production is expected to fall by 63% causing 67% of the poor households to face an estimated food gap of 2030%. The cumulative effect of flooding in both 2008 and 2009, in combination with the low levels of resilience, increased the levels of vulnerability especially for the large proportion of the population affected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) (Namibia has one of the highest prevalence rates in the world, estimated in 2008 at 17.8% of the adult population). On 17 March 2009, the President of the Republic declared an emergency for the NorthCentral and NorthEastern part of Namibia and appealed for international assistance. The Government of Namibia allocated 109 million Namibian dollars (about $ 1 10.9 million) for the response, established relocation camps to host the displaced, and distributed nonfood items (NFIs) in the affected regions. To support and complement the Government in its response, the international community launched a Flash Appeal on 28 March seeking $2,724,380 to address the needs. Currently the Flash Appeal is funded at $1,913,330 or 70%. After launching the Flash Appeal, the number of affected and displaced populations continued to rise due to continued heavy rainfall upstream in Angola and Zambia and increasing river levels. Humanitarian partners agreed to revise the initial appeal on the basis of further and more detailed assessments. In April 2009, several assessment reports from the Government and international community indicated an estimated 750,000 people affected, including 54,000 people displaced, of which 23,959 were accommodated in relocation camps. In May 2009 the Government, United Nations and the World Bank conducted a Postdisaster Needs Assessment (PDNA). Whilst almost all families in the areas of Oshana, Oshikoto, Ohangwena, and Omusati have returned home, flood plains in Caprivi and Kavango remain inundated, delaying the return of those relocated in camps. By the end of June, the Government reported a total number of 28,103 people displaced in the Caprivi and Kavango regions, and residual humanitarian needs remain in the relocation camps. Furthermore, it is reported that families that have returned or are returning home still require humanitarian assistance due to the loss of property, livestock, crops, and limited access to basic services. To further support and complement the Government in its response, the international humanitarian community is seeking a revised amount of $7,071,951 to address residual humanitarian needs as identified by further assessments, including the PDNA. The appeal also seeks to support the mediumterm preparedness and disaster risk reduction (DRR) needs, in light of the upcoming rainy season in November. This appeal contains both revised projects from the initial appeal and new projects based on the latest assessment information. The implementation timeframe for all projects is November 2009 before the start of the rainy season. 1 All dollar signs in this document denote United States dollars. Funding for this appeal should be reported to the Financial Tracking Service (FTS, fts@reliefweb.int), which will display its requirements and funding on the current appeals page. 1
Table I. Summary of requirements, commitments/contributions and pledges (grouped by IASC standard sector) Table I: Summary of requirements, commitments/contributions and pledges (grouped by IASC standard sector) Namibia Flash Appeal (Revised) 2009 as of 28 July 2009 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by donors and appealing organisations Sector Original Requirements Revised Requirements Funding % Covered Unmet Requirements Uncommitted Pledges Value in US$ ECONOMIC RECOVERY AND INFRASTRUCTURE EDUCATION FOOD HEALTH PROTECTION/HUMAN RIGHTS/RULE OF LAW SHELTER AND NONFOOD ITEMS WATER AND SANITATION A B C C/B BC D 305,000 0% 305,000 264,835 1,723,185 0% 1,723,185 155,150 155,150 15,718 10% 139,432 872,395 1,843,116 1,071,676 58% 771,440 240,000 825,000 0% 825,000 642,000 1,612,000 155,150 10% 1,456,850 550,000 608,500 670,786 110% (62,286) GRAND TOTAL 2,724,380 7,071,951 1,913,330 27% 5,158,621 Table II. Summary of requirements, commitments/contributions and pledges (grouped by appealing organization) Table II: Summary of requirements, commitments/contributions and pledges (grouped by appealing organisation) Namibia Flash Appeal (Revised) 2009 as of 28 July 2009 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by donors and appealing organisations Appealing Organisation Original Revised Funding % Unmet Requirements Requirements Requirements Covered Uncommitted Pledges Values in US$ A B C C/B BC D UNAIDS 100,000 0% 100,000 UNDP 50,000 355,000 0% 355,000 UNESCO 1,019,000 0% 1,019,000 UNFPA 245,000 1,080,000 37,450 3% 1,042,550 UNHABITAT 642,000 1,582,000 155,150 10% 1,426,850 UNHCR 30,000 0% 30,000 UNICEF 909,835 1,471,685 884,786 60% 586,899 WFP 155,150 155,150 15,718 10% 139,432 WHO 722,395 1,279,116 820,226 64% 458,890 GRAND TOTAL 2,724,380 7,071,951 1,913,330 27% 5,158,621 NOTE: "Funding" means Contributions + Commitments + Carryover Pledge: Commitment: Contribution: a nonbinding announcement of an intended contribution or allocation by the donor. ("Uncommitted pledge" on these tables indicates the balance of original pledges not yet committed). creation of a legal, contractual obligation between the donor and recipient entity, specifying the amount to be contributed. the actual payment of funds or transfer of inkind goods from the donor to the recipient entity. The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 28 July 2009. For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service (www.reliefweb.int/fts). 2
2. CONTEXT AND HUMANITARIAN CONSEQUENCES 2.1 CONTEXT AND RESPONSE TO DATE Context Initial Appeal: Since the beginning of 2009 the northcentral and northeastern regions of Namibia experienced torrential rains, increasing the water levels of the Cunene, Chobe, Zambezi and Kavango rivers, which are also fed by rains and tributaries originating in Angola and Zambia. Rivers reached water levels not recorded since 1963. In March 2009, Government and international humanitarian partners conducted assessments in the affected areas identifying immediate and mediumterm humanitarian needs. Six regions along Namibia s northern border (Caprivi, Kavango, Oshana, Oshikoto, Ohangwena, and Omusati), home to the majority of the rural poor in the country, were the worst affected. The floods affected 350,000 people (nearly 17% of the country s population), caused the death of 102 people, and displaced over 13,500 persons, of which 9,200 were relocated into camps. Many health facilities and schools were either flooded or inaccessible. Sewage ponds overflowed, posing a serious threat for increased cases of acute watery diarrhoea and cholera. More than 50% of the roads in the affected areas were damaged, and harvest production is expected to fall by 63%. As a result, 67% of the poor households would face an estimated food gap of 2030%. Unlike the rapid onset of the 2008 floods, the impact of the 2009 floods was cumulative, with more devastation and human suffering due to the prolonged nature of the disaster. This year s floods damaged more public infrastructure, including roads and bridges that were still being repaired from the 2008 floods, thereby significantly reducing access of the affected population to health facilities, schools, and market places. The cumulative effect of flooding in both 2008 and 2009, in combination with the low levels of resilience and coping capacities of the population (27.6% of the population lives below the poverty line, of which 13.8% are severely poor 2 ) gravely affected the living conditions of the population in northern Namibia. Already, life expectancies are comparatively much lower in northern Namibia. The floods and their impact also seriously exacerbated the vulnerability of a large proportion of the population who are affected by HIV/AIDS. Namibia has one of the highest HIV prevalence rates in the world, estimated in 2008 at 17.8% of the adult population. To support and complement the Government in its response, the international community on 28 March 2009 launched a Flash Appeal seeking $2,724,380 to address the immediate and mediumterm humanitarian needs. In terms of funding to the original appeal requirements ($2.7 million), the Flash Appeal to date is 70% funded ($1.9 million). About 68% of the funding received ($1.29 million) for the appeal came from Central Emergency Response Fund (CERF). Cluster/Sector Funding to Namibia Flash Appeal against the original requirements (Source: Financial Tracking Service [FTS] as of 28 July 2009) Original Requirements ($) Funding Received ($) % Funded Unmet Requirements ($) Education 264,835 0 0% 264,835 Food 155,150 15,718 10% 139,432 Health 872,395 1,071,676 123% 199,281 Protection 240,000 0 0% 240,000 Shelter 642,000 155,150 24% 486,850 Water, Sanitation and Hygiene 550,000 670,786 122% 120,786 Grand Total 2,724,380 1,913,330 70% 811,050 2 The Human Poverty Index ranked the Caprivi Strip as one of the poorest region in the country. People living in this region have a low survival rate, with approximately 53.7% of the population likely to die before the age of 40. Regional Poverty profile 2004, quoted in United Nations Disaster Assessment and Coordination (UNDAC) Assessment Report, 5 April 2009. 3
Revision of appeal: Humanitarian partners agreed to revise this appeal on the basis of further and more detailed assessments. An UNDAC assessment undertaken in MarchApril 2009 indicated pressing humanitarian needs in shelter, health care, and the provision of safe water and sanitation services. The UNDAC team also reported the lack of appropriate sanitation conditions in all of the camps, particularly in Caprivi, the worstaffected region with the majority of relocation camps. After launching the Flash Appeal the number of affected and displaced populations continued rising due to continued heavy rainfall upstream in Angola and Zambia and increasing river levels. In April, assessment reports indicated an estimated 750,000 people affected 3, including 54,000 people displaced, of which 23,959 were accommodated in relocation camps. In May 2009 the Government, United Nations and the World Bank conducted a PDNA. While most families in the areas of Oshana, Oshikoto, Ohangwena, and Omusati have returned home, flood plains in Caprivi and Kavango remain inundated delaying the return of those relocated in camps. As of the end of June, the Government reported 25,287 people displaced in the Caprivi and 2,816 in the Kavango region. Residual humanitarian needs remain in relocation camps. Also families that returned home are facing humanitarian needs due to a combination of loss of homes, livestock, crops, and no access to basic services. The PDNA further indicates the 2009 floods caused extensive damages and losses amounting to $214 million. Households incurred heavy economic losses and the private sector sustained considerable destruction of assets. Heavy damages occurred in the socioproductive sectors such as housing and trade while significant losses were concentrated in agriculture, manufacture, and trade. Contrary to growth predictions of 1.1%, preliminary PDNA results indicate a decline by 0.6% of the Namibian economy due to the impact of the disaster. The PDNA highlighted needs across key sectors and helped a further refinement of interventions needed within the revised Flash Appeal. Key elements identified within the assessment provide a picture of a complicated humanitarian and early recovery situation which includes: residual needs in relocation camps; families returning to areas without homes, basic services and with poor access to incomegenerating opportunities; families and communities forced to move to receive basic food aid and shelter and because of lack of basic services locally. Access to education has, for example, been highlighted as a major draw factor to relocation camps; a poor structure of disaster preparedness and risk reduction across all sectors. Response to date Since the beginning of the response, the Government of Namibia allocated 109 million Namibian dollars (about $10.9 million), and established and managed with the support from the Namibia Red Cross Society (NRCS) 61 relocation camps to host the displaced. In collaboration with regional authorities, the Government distributed NFIs, including tents, tarpaulins and blankets in the affected regions. The Government also funded the installation of pit latrines and bathing facilities in the relocation camps, and distributed water purification tablets. For transportation of relief goods and evacuation of people to safer grounds and health facilities, the Government also purchased motorized and paddle boats. The Government also decided to extend the existing food distribution scheme in the affected areas, including the relocation camps, beyond the original end date of 31 March 2009. Beyond immediate and ongoing relief actions the Namibian Government, with the support from partners, began early recovery activities, including the rehabilitation of damaged roads, secondary schools, sewerage ponds and water infrastructure. Technical experts have been recruited to support the Government in developing a disaster risk management bill and contingency plans at various levels. Also plans for storm water drainage systems have been drawn up for some of the worstaffected areas. Namibian churches raised funds for the flood victims and the Namibia Chambers of Commerce and Industries mobilized resources from its members to support the flood victims. In negotiations with local authorities, a local tax relief for up to three months for affected microenterprises was obtained. 3 This estimate by the Namibia Government is based on geographic location and poverty levels of households in the affected regions. 4
Since the beginning of the emergency response, international partners have been assisting the Government to respond to the needs as follows: Early Recovery / DRR The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) provided technical expertise to support the Government and international partners to plan for early recovery, and preparedness and DRR activities. Protection The United Nations Children s Fund (UNICEF) distributed 64 play kits to flood affected areas benefiting about 3,200 children and has been working with the government to provide camp management training and ensure that child friendly spaces are being established in relocation camps. Educational materials for advancing knowledge on child rights have been distributed. In Caprivi and Kavango UNICEF conducted trainings on Child Protection in Emergencies and on Prevention of Sexual Exploitation and Abuse in collaboration with the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) and United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA). In collaboration with the NRCS, UNFPA recruited a Gender Coordinator to strengthen gender mainstreaming in response activities, establish prevention mechanisms and train community members, NRCS staff, and volunteers. An International Gender Expert in Humanitarian Issues supported the development of emergency response strategies. UNFPA also provided female hygiene supplies (85 kits targeting 50,000 women and girls). Food The World Food Programme (WFP) deployed two experts to train local authorities in emergency logistics and supported the government in finetuning beneficiary targeting criteria for emergency food relief distribution. Education UNICEF supplied the Caprivi region with two power generators and 56 black boards. In collaboration with the Ministry of Education (MoE), UNICEF has been training education planners and focal points in emergency response at all levels of government and developed strong contingency plans for the sector. Health The World Health Organization (WHO) deployed an emergency health expert and procured health emergency supplies in support of the Ministry of Health and Social Services (MoHSS). A WHO Surveillance Officer has been deployed to the affected regions. WHO has been supporting local and regional authorities in assessing and monitoring of the situation, provision of health services to the affected populations, and training of health workers and emergency staff, including Namibian Red Cross Volunteers. The availability of technical support has helped to provide close guidance and advice to the health authorities. WHO supplies included Interagency Emergency Health Kits, Interagency Diarrhoeal Kits, Interagency Emergency Medical Supplies2006, and Rapid Diagnostic Test kits for malaria. Shipment of Long Lasting Insecticide Treated Nets was delayed due to lengthy procurement procedures and availability, but is expected to arrive soon. The scope of the surveillance was broadened to monitoring all outbreakprone diseases in the floodaffected areas. The completeness and timeliness of reporting on average improved from 70% to 93% and was sustained above 90% throughout the period of floods. The revised flash appeal project is a direct followon from this project. UNICEF focused on nutritional support to camp residents, providing 135 cartons of plumpy nut (150 sachets per carton) and six cartons of CMV to target 12,611 beneficiaries (estimated number children with moderate acute malnutrition in the six floodaffected regions). UNICEF also provided anthropometric equipment to the affected regions. Currently a nutritional survey is being undertaken. UNFPA provided emergency supplies for safe motherhood and prevention of HIV transmission as well as sexual violence management for the displaced populations. Shelter United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UNHABITAT) supported the relocation camps in Caprivi and Kavango equipping them with 69 solar systems for camps and cement to facilitate installation of camp facilities, and the necessary human resources. UNHABITAT worked very closely 5
with Rotary International which distributed 500 shelter kits. UNHABITAT also led the shelter/housing sector assessment in the PDNA. In order to address the accommodation needs of 720 most vulnerable displaced people, UNFPA procured 60 family tents that were distributed in the Kavango and Caprivi region. UNFPA also distributed 85 reproductive health kits for women and girls of reproductive age among the displaced populations, benefiting 50,000 women and girls. Water, Sanitation and Hygiene UNHABITAT supported the relocation camps in Caprivi and Kavango equipping them with 260 mobile dry toilets. UNICEF procured WASH supplies including 1,000 family water kits, 37 water tanks of different capacities, 400,000 purification tablets, 30 mobile and 25 ecosan latrines, eight of which were provided to schools. UNICEF provided technical support for assessment and field monitoring by stand by Water Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) Engineers and hygiene promotion specialists. Other areas of support were development, production and dissemination of communication materials on prevention and management of water borne diseases, targeting 23,000 people in affected areas. Relocation camps as well as floodaffected schools and communities were targeted with sanitation and hygiene promotion activities (leaflets, radio messages and training of camp managers and teachers and head students), reaching a total of 350,000 beneficiaries. Key facts and figures of response to date Cluster/Sector Early Recovery/DRR Technical expertise to support the Government and international partners to plan for early recovery, and preparedness and DRR activities. Protection Distribution of 64 play kits to flood affected areas benefiting about 3,200 children. Camp management training and ensuring that child friendly spaces are being established in relocation camps. Distribution of educational material for advancing knowledge on child rights. Training on Child Protection in Emergencies and on Prevention of Sexual Exploitation and Abuse. Recruitment of Gender Coordinator to strengthen gender mainstreaming in response activities, establish prevention mechanisms and train community members, NRCS staff and volunteers. Procurement of female hygiene supplies. Food Deployment of two experts to train local authorities in emergency logistics and supported the government in finetuning beneficiary targeting criteria for emergency food relief distribution. Education Two power generators and 56 black boards for Caprivi region. Training of education planners and focal points in emergency response at all levels of government. Development of strong contingency plans for the sector. 6
Cluster/Sector Health Deployment of Emergency Health Expert and Surveillance Officer to support local and regional authorities in assessing and monitoring the situation, provide health services to the affected populations and training of health workers and emergency staff, including Namibian Red Cross Volunteers. Procurement of interagency emergency health kits, interagency diarrhoeal kits, interagency emergency medical supplies2006, and rapid diagnostic test kits for malaria, and long lasting insecticide treated nets. Nutritional support to camp residents, providing 135 cartons of plumpy nuts (150 sachets per carton) and six cartons of complex of minerals and vitamins (CMV) to target 12,611 beneficiaries (estimated number children with moderate acute malnutrition in the six flood affected regions). Procurement of anthropometric equipment. Ongoing nutritional survey. Procurement of emergency supplies for safe motherhood and prevention of HIV transmission as well as sexual violence management for the displaced populations. Shelter Procurement of 69 solar systems for camps, and 500 pockets of cement. Distribution of 500 shelter kits benefiting 500 camp residents. Procurement of 60 family tents, distributed in Kavango and Caprivi region. Distribution of 85 reproductive health kits for women and girls of reproductive age among the displaced populations benefiting 50,000 women and girls. Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Procurement of 1,000 family water kits, 37 water tanks of different capacities, 400,000 purification tablets, 30 mobile and 25 ecosan latrines, eight of which were provided to schools. Procurement of 260 mobile dry toilets. Technical support for assessment and field monitoring by stand by WASH Engineers and Hygiene Promotion Specialists. Development, production and dissemination of communication materials on prevention and management of waterborne diseases (target 23,000 people). Other ongoing humanitarian responses to the crisis Namibian Red Cross / An Emergency Appeal was initially launched on 25 March 2009 for International Federation of CHF 1,494,980 ($1.3 million or EUR 979,849) for six months to assist 20,000 Red Cross and Red beneficiaries or 4,000 households. The appeal budget was revised to CHF Crescent Societies (IFRC) 1,569,797 ($1,376,399 or EUR 1,033,080) in the first operations update. 2.2 HUMANITARIAN CONSEQUENCES AND NEEDS ANALYSIS Disaster Risk Reduction Preliminary PDNA results indicate an overall weak emergency preparedness and disaster risk reduction framework in Namibia. Currently there is no legal framework disaster management framework or National Contingency Plan. As a result accountability and information management/communication lines are blurred between the different levels of Government. Across the different regions there is a lack of standardized assessment indicators. Early warning information was disseminated to vulnerable communities in time, but often adequate action was delayed. Currently there are no special programmes in place to empower and strengthen the resilience of communities to reduce risks and there are no mechanisms in place to engage community participation. Sometimes the provision of relief assistance was not adequately targeted, resulting in vulnerable people failing to receive relief in time, or in inadequate quantities. Discrepancies in the provision of relief assistance were identified (shelter in relocation camps varied from very good in some camps to deplorable in others; sanitation facilities were sometimes inadequate; food rations sometimes did not meet nutritional for the most vulnerable). Health Due to the floods, 86 health outreach points and 20 clinics were inaccessible. Several health facilities had to be closed down (four in Oshikoto; two in Kavango; and one in Caprivi). Currently, Government and partners are addressing outstanding needs for basic medicines, water purification tablets, and insecticidetreated mosquito nets. The problem of access to treatment services for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) and other chronic diseases has been eased through provision of medicines for a 7
period of three months. However, monitoring of adherence and replenishment of stocks remains an issue, as well as adequate followup of patients. In the relocation camps in Caprivi and Kavango in particular, there is a need to maintain provision of and ensure action for preventive and curative health services for displaced populations. No outbreak of cholera or increase in malaria cases has been reported. Comparative surveillance results (introduced to monitor the problems associated with flood) indicate that in the Kavango region, cases of dysentery are steadily increasing since early June 2009. This is believed to be related to the hygienic practices and knowledge gap on disease prevention among the affected communities which calls for increased health promotion activities. There is also an urgent need to further enhance the emergency preparedness and response capacity at all levels in order to ensure a better response in the future. The assignment of an Emergency Expert in the affected regions has greatly helped in strengthening the coordination of health emergency response by different stakeholders. While there is a significant progress observed as a result of inputs from CERFsupported activities, the need to continue such support for the immediate future to address residual humanitarian needs is critical, in order to consolidate the achievements made so far and in disaster risk reduction and preparedness. Hence, a close technical support and guidance to MoHSS and other health partners at different levels is critical for the successful implementation of the planned interventions. Continued health emergency support (especially its ability to respond to crises as well as to minimize maternal/neonatal mortality) in areas of return (as well as those camps that still exist) have been identified in the PDNA as particular areas of concern for both WHO and UNFPA. Although the AIDS epidemic seems to be stabilizing in Namibia, it still remains one of the highest affected with an adult HIV prevalence rate estimated at 17.8% and 204,000 PLWHA as of March 2008, of which an estimated 61% were women. The floodaffected regions, however, bear a higher burden of the epidemic, with HIV prevalence rates among antenatal care (ANC) attendants up to 32% in Caprivi region. Disruption to HIV and AIDS services that include anteretroviral therapy (ART), prevention of mothertochild transmission (PMTCT), homebased care (HBC), orphans and vulnerable children (OVC) support and other community psychosocial support services have been reported in the six affected regions. Shortage of food was reported as a general problem affecting PLWHA, chronically ill persons and orphans, and vulnerable children (among others), who were not prioritized for supplementary feeding. Lack of resources and other camp conditions, as noted elsewhere in this report, have implication for HIV/STI risk among vulnerable groups including women and young people. It is therefore critical that a coherent project to develop the capacity of local humanitarian and AIDS service organizations to respond to the HIV and AIDS needs of emergencyaffected populations be undertaken. Planned activities over the next four to six months include a nutritional assessment/survey including a tracking and referral system for the severely malnourished and continued health and hygiene promotion. The flood destroyed crops resulting in food shortage and suggesting an increase in the likelihood of a rise in malnutrition among children. Although the PDNA mission did not come across any overt cases, health workers have reported an increasing number of admissions but these are within seasonal variations. Education According to the MoE, 412 schools have been affected with 159 completely closed, thus disrupting teaching and learning for approximately 96,825 children, about 17% of the total learners in the six affected regions. In late May, the PDNA identified 328 schools and 93,770 learners affected across the six regions. In Caprivi affected schools were closed for more than a month, causing learners to miss on average 25 days of schooling. The need to reduce the risk of retakes and dropout due to missed schooling is imminent, specifically for students due to sit national examinations. In mitigation, the government has made provisions for the learners who missed learning time to use their school holiday to catch up. What is crucial for the future is finding ways of making schools accessible during the periods of flooding. Students, teachers, and communities have limited access to lifesaving information and education. Although early warning messages did reach the communities prior to the previous floods, these were not disseminated through schools and were not acted upon. There is a need therefore to sensitize 8
both education authorities and communities to risk reduction and preparedness measures before the next rains in November 2009. The flooding has had a detrimental effect on water and sanitation in schools, which not only has significant health implications for students and teachers, but also acts as a deterrent for students to go to school, particularly girls. In the case of primary schools, sewerage or damage to toilets was as high as 64% to the total damage value. Shelter Shortly after the initial flash appeal was launched, UNHABITAT assessed the situation in northeastern and northcentral regions. While in the northcentral regions all relocation camps have been closed, 25,287 people are still reported displaced in the Caprivi and Kavango region. Residual humanitarian needs remain in those remaining relocation camps. All six affected regions require additional support in terms of some basic building materials as many permanent/traditional houses have been completely destroyed. Many families returning home are particularly vulnerable due to loss of homes and livelihoods and need urgent support. Single women and womenheaded household are of particular concern. Funds will be used to support community repair and reconstruction of homes, as well strengthening capacities of the housing sector in shelter responses and emergency preparedness. Protection The PDNA has revealed some specific needs for additional protection of communities within both relocation camps and in areas of return. Due to poor lighting in many camps, insecurity concerns existed. Various experts that have visited the relocation camps have expressed concerns on the safety of the most vulnerable, especially given the relatively poor security around the camps. For example, the UNFPA supported Gender Coordinator (deployed in the relocation camps in Kavango and Caprivi) has reported 15 teenage girls (under16) to be pregnant. So far only four camps have been visited and it is feared that the number of pregnant teenage girls might increase after having visited all 16 remaining relocation camps. There is a need to strengthen government capacity to better manage camps, to provide security for all camp residents and for those who have returned to isolated communities, and to ensure that necessary sociomedical referral systems are functioning. After the recruitment of the Gender Coordinator who works with the displaced people in the relocation camps, a number of critical protection issues were highlighted. These issues, if not addressed could pave the way for genderbased violence (GBV) in the relocation camps. The following concerns were not reflected in the initial amount: The number of beneficiaries increased from 15,000 women, men and girls to 50,000; Increase in the number of family tents, as well as large tents for activities for all six regions; Fencing of the relocation camps in all six regions; Procurement of cooking stoves for women to ensure they don t have to walk long distances to collect fire wood, and in the process making them vulnerable to violence and exploitation; Training law enforcement units and Red Cross volunteers on GBV; Provide farming inputs to target communities; Procurement of generators to provide lighting for safety in the camps. These additional broadened activities have necessitated the increase from $45,000 to $630,000 under the Protection Cluster. It should be noted that in the area of protection UNFPA has assumed the sole role in gender equality and preventing GBV with support from other agencies such as UNICEF, UNDP, and UNHCR; hence a change from the original project where a component of this work (unfunded as the rest of protection) was indicated for UNDP. In Food and Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH), due to the funding response to projects included in the initial appeal, and the current and projected evolution of the emergency, funds are not being appealed for again. However, and as mentioned below, some specific WASH interventions are being addressed under the Education Sector and will need funding. Water, Sanitation and Hygiene In normal times, 80% of the population has access to safe drinking water, but sanitation and hygiene facilities in rural areas are extremely limited with open defaecation often practised. The deluge of 9
flood waters inundated urban sewage systems and surface and underground water sources further increasing the risk of waterborne diseases. UNICEF continues to have field presence of two WASH Engineers and Hygiene Promotion Specialist in the floodaffected regions to monitor and ensure that populations still in relocation camps have access to clean water and adequate sanitation and in training of communities and service providers on hygiene. The above support has been adequately covered by partners and with funding from the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) however, specific WASH interventions, are being addressed under Education Sector. Food The Government of the Republic of Namibia disposes of sufficient resources to procure and distribute emergency food supplies through its ongoing food distribution scheme. WFP has been providing emergency technical support to the Government in logistics and management of food supplies (warehouse management, transportation of food commodities from the regional warehouses up to the final distribution point, organization of food distributions, and training and awarenessraising of the central/regional/local authorities and community leaders on the importance of good beneficiary targeting). UNICEF supported the Government by providing therapeutic food supplements to vulnerable groups such as children and lactating mothers (NAM09/H01C). 2.3 SCENARIOS The mostlikely scenario envisaged for the floodaffected areas (one that is underlined by the PDNA) is that flood waters will continue to recede throughout the affected areas. Families and communities will continue to return to areas previously flooded where they will find: homes that need to be repaired and reconstructed; household assets that have been washed away or destroyed; public services (health and education in particular) that are still in need of restoration to normal capacity; roads that have been severely damaged and may remain impassable for vehicles for some months to come; livelihoods that have been completely destroyed. In Caprivi 25,000 people remain relocated in camps, in Kavango the number has dropped to 2,812 displace. Reportedly people will not return before August. Government will continue do distribute food to people returning to affected areas and remaining people in relocation camps through its own food distribution scheme. In the coming months it is expected that vulnerable families will continue facing humanitarian needs due to poor access to basic services, a lack of sufficient incomegeneration activities to finance daily needs and reconstruction of their livelihoods. 10
3. RESPONSE PLANS Disaster Risk Reduction has been included in this revised Flash Appeal in light of the imminence of the next flooding season starting in November 2009. This revised Appeal seeks funding to address: a) current residual humanitarian needs as identified by the PDNA; b) preparedness and disaster risk reduction activities in light of the upcoming rainy season in November. It should be noted that the Revised Flash Appeal addresses only those areas where there is a critical need identified, especially as indicated by the PDNA, where the Government is unable to respond appropriately or timely to this need, and where the UN is best placed to respond. Projects have been developed carefully, based on the results of the PDNA undertaken, and with proper reference to what may or may not have been already funded through the original flash appeal or through other sources. The sectors Food and WASH were included in the initial appeal. However, due to the funding response to projects included in the initial appeal, and the current and projected evolution of the emergency, funds are not being appealed for again in these two sectors. Some specific WASH interventions in primary schools are included in the Education Sector response. 3.1 EARLY RECOVERY AND DISASTER RISK REDUCTION Lead Agency: UNDP Sectoral Objectives In order to strengthen the national authorities and partners capacity for disaster response and preparedness the following objectives have been set: To ensure that planned humanitarian assistance will meet minimum SPHERE standards and take into account ER principles; To enhance interagency communication and coordination mechanisms during disaster response; To establish capacity for risk analysis and using information for preparedness planning; To engage with communities in risk assessment and training communities in flood response. Strategy The work with national, regional, and local authorities as well as communities to ensure that disaster response is improved across all activities whilst at the same time working on the most critically needed preparedness activities in lieu of renewed rains due to arrive in November. Proposed Activities Development of an integrated national, regional, and constituency flood contingency plan. Development of flood emergency operational manual. Establish community disaster response mechanisms. Development early warning and information management system. Camp management training. Flood risk mapping in seven flood highrisk regions. Expected Outcomes Improved disaster preparedness and response capacity at national, district and community level. Improved safeguarding lives and livelihoods. Effective disaster response mechanisms tested and in place. 11
EARLY RECOVERY AND DISASTER RISK REDUCTION $ Project Title Postdisaster priority DRR: Enhancing national, regional, and communitylevel resilience to disasters UNDP Objectives To strengthen urgently needed regional and communitylevel capacities for disasterrisk NAM09/ER/I01 assessment, preparedness planning and response to disasters 305,000 (New) Beneficiaries All communities and local authorities in floodprone areas in northcentral and northeastern Namibia Partners Communities, OPM/Disaster Emergency Management (DEM) TOTAL 305,000 3.2 HEALTH Lead Agency: WHO Health projects in the revised flash appeal focus on preparedness and DRR in the health system, thereby further capacitating the Health Sector to respond better and more timely in future emergencies. Sectoral Objectives To strengthen the capacity of the national and subnational levels for: surveillance and timely detection and response to disease outbreaks; improving access of people in camps and vulnerable displaced persons to basic health services; improving health emergency preparedness and response, specifically coordination of interventions; strengthening coordination, supervision, and monitoring of health actions in the floodaffected regions; increasing knowledge of the affected community in disease prevention and personal hygiene; strengthening capacity of local organization to respond to HIV and AIDS in emergency, including ensuring emergency preparedness and DRR through appropriate contingency planning. Strategy Capacity of the national and subnational levels for preparedness and timely response will be improved through development of preparedness & response plans of the health sector. Coordination of health emergency response will be enhanced through a deliberate work plan, regular meetings, and improved communication among different levels. Training of health workers at national and subnational levels on Emergency Preparedness and Response. Improve the capacity for data collection, analysis and reporting through training on Integrated Disease Surveillance Response (IDSR). Deployment of technical experts on management of basic health services in emergency to support national and subnational levels. Strengthening health promotion activities through various media such as local radios, health talks and distribution of information, education, and communication (IEC) materials. HIV/AIDS: Engagement of local organizations, building partnerships and capacities for response. Strengthening local structures for HIV and AIDS response to address emergency needs through training and provision of resources. Proposed Activities Technical support to national and subnational health levels in planning, and implementation of communicable diseases prevention and control interventions. Assist in strengthening the coordination capacity of the Health Sector at national and subnational levels. Develop emergency preparedness and response plans for health incorporating DRR elements. Development of HIV/AIDS contingency plans, including mechanisms for collaborative response. Conduct training of health workers on provision of basic health services (information and care) to displaced populations in emergency situations and in appropriate response to potential 12
epidemics of communicable diseases, including provision of guidelines/protocols for management. Training of core programme staff on Emergency Preparedness & Response and prevention and control of major communicable diseases. Provision of support and resources to local communities for the emergency preparedness and response to reproductive health needs of affected population. Strengthen IDSR for early detection of epidemics through training, provision of surveillance tools and operational/logistic support. Conduct community education on potential outbreaks and how these can be prevented through mass media and interpersonal communication via various channels. Capacitybuilding of key partners (including Central Statistics Office [CSO], Government, NRCS) for HIV emergency response with priority focus at regional and constituency levels. Provision of resources and support to CSOs and community groups for HIV and AIDS emergency preparedness and response. Joint initiatives with neighbouring countries (Angola/Zambia) for crossborder displaced and mobile populations including prevention and treatment continuation for PLWHA. Expected Outcomes Improved emergency preparedness and response capacity of the Health Sector. Improved coordination of health actions during emergencies. Timely detection and appropriate response to health emergencies. Improved access to basic health care including utilization of reproductive health services for women, men, and young people of reproductive age. Strengthened emergency preparedness and contingency plans responding to HIV prevention and treatments needs. Initial consultation and schedule of activities developed to develop crossborder preparedness and contingency to support continued prevention and treatment activities for populations relocating due to emergencies in border provinces of Angola/Namibia and Zambia/Namibia. HEALTH $ Project Title Supporting Health Emergency Response WHO Objective To reduce preventable morbidity, and mortality in the 1,179,116 NAM09/H01A floodaffected and disasterprone areas Beneficiaries 750,000 affected people (Revised) Partners MoHSS, NRCS, UN agencies Project Title Averting maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity in six floodaffected regions of Namibia through improved access and utilization of reproductive health services UNFPA Objective To improve access to and utilization of quality NAM09/H01B reproductive health services to communities in 350,000 relocation camps and in existing health structures (Revised) Partners NRCS; MoHSS; Ministry of Gender Equality and child Welfare; UN agencies; NGOs; Faith Based Organizations (FBOs) Beneficiaries Displaced people in Kavango and Caprivi Project Title Strengthening HIV and AIDS response in emergency settings Objectives Develop mechanisms to ensure HIV and AIDS needs of populations affected are addressed UNAIDS during emergency response Ensure CSO and community preparedness and NAM09/H02 capacity for HIV and AIDS response in future emergencies 100,000 Address HIV and AIDS implications of cross (New) border mobility Beneficiaries All communities and local authorities in flood prone areas in northcentral and northeastern Namibia Partners MoHSS, Regional AIDS Coordinating Committee, NRCS, civil society TOTAL 1,629,116 13