HUMAN TRAFFICKING FOR HEALTHCARE 101 Swedish Pediatric Specialty Care Jan 26,2018 1
AGENDA 1. Introduction to Human Trafficking 2. How to Identify Human Trafficking 3. Creating a Safe Environment 4. Practical Steps and Legal Rights 5. Intervention and Resources 6.Get Involved 2
HUMAN TRAFFICKING DEFINED Human trafficking is defined as the use of force, fraud, or coercion to make an individual work in ANY industry. 1 Force: Rape, beatings, confinement Fraud: False offers of employment, marriage, better life, lying about laws Coercion: Threats, debt-bondage, psychological abuse 3
HUMAN TRAFFICKING DEFINED US Law divides human trafficking into three categories: Adults and children forced to perform labor and services as a result of force, fraud, or coercion Adults involved in commercial sex as a result of force, fraud or coercion Minors exploited for commercial sex 4
WHO ARE THE VICTIMS? Trafficking occurs across the world and in all 50 States in the U.S.A. Victims are men, women, and children of all socioeconomic statuses, education levels, backgrounds, nationalities, and professions. By an large those who are exploited are minorities, youth, people of color, LGBTQ, women and girls. Agriculture Factories Domestic Service Retail & Service Mining Armed Conflict Door to Door Sales Begging Prostitution Strip Clubs Pornography Sex Tourism etc. 5
WHO ARE THE TRAFFICKERS? Women & Men Friends Family Neighbors Village Leaders Religious Leaders Government Officials (i.e. diplomats) Farmers Small Business Owners Organized Crime Syndicates Contractors Recruiters Individuals unknown to the victim(s) Could Be Anyone! 6
WHO ARE THE PIMPS? Romeo Pimp-Boyfriend CEO Pimp- Magazine, Porn, Model Agency Guerilla Pimp- Buy/Sell frequently, use of force Gang-Controlled Pimp You can sell drugs once, you can sell a person over and over and over again Make money while prostitutes bear majority of the risk Benefits gang recruitment for having women available 7
WASHINGTON STATE STATISTICS Seattle is major entry-point for immigrants and refugees; high concentration of vulnerable communities There is an estimated 300-500 youth (18 and below) involved in prostitution in Seattle at any given time The age of prostitution is as low as 13-14 years-old 180 survivors from 29 countries made direct contact with W.A.R.N. in 2011 & 2012 Shows the location of the 312 calls to national hotline received from 1/1/2013 to 6/30/2013 in Washington State 8
INDIVIDUAL EFFECTS OF BEING TRAFFICKED Psychological and physical harm Stigma, shame, humiliation Loss of education Social isolation Economic exploitation & legal complications Culture shock Long recovery & possibility of being trafficked again 9
ASSESSMENT Psychosocial Withdrawn, shy, fearful or timid behavior Depression, suicidality, anxiety, PTSD Addiction to drugs, alcohol, or other substances Physical Untreated chronic illnesses Infectious diseases Malnourishment and dental disease 10
ASSESSMENT Physical: Labor Trafficking Exhaustion, dehydration, heat stroke, hypothermia, frostbite Accidental injuries and syndromes associated with repetitive motions Respiratory illness, skin infections Chronic pain Fresh Fruit Broken Bodies Holmes Hearing and eye sight impairment 11
ASSESSMENT Physical: Sex Trafficking Sexually Transmitted Disease, HIV/AIDS Fatigue, headaches, back pain, weight loss Pregnancy or infertility Urinary infections and difficulties Injury/Trauma (lacerations or broken bones) Pelvic pain, rectal trauma Tattoos Bruises 12
ASSESSMENT Home and work environment Inability to leave job or move May not speak English No form of identification (passport, driver s license) Inability to recall address or phone number Carries around abnormally large amounts of cash OR Someone else carries or holds their money for safe-keeping 13
ASSESSMENT Autonomy Accompanied by a controlling male or female, who makes all the decisions for the victim and speaks on patient s behalf 4 Inconsistencies Malnutrition, financial instability, and/or lack of adequate housing while still having... Expensive nails, purses, wallets, watches, etc. 14
TRAFFICKING VS PROSTITUTION Those in prostitution may manage their abuse, but at the end of the day, it is still abuse 15
WOMEN CHOOSE TO DO THIS The global/local forces that choose victims for prostitution Sex/racial discrimination Poor education or no education Job that does not pay living wage Sexual and verbal abuse Foster Care System -average of entry 12-14 yrs. old Traffickers & pimps The demand for sex 16
THE DEMAND DRIVES IT ALL Social Norms Pretty Woman Act like a Man Gender Socialization/Objectification of Women Playboy bunny Vulnerability of Victims Female, Youth, LGTBQ, People of Color, Poverty Gary Ridgeway 17
CREATING A SAFE ENVIRONMENT DO! Respect, compassion & non-judgment Empowerment Consistency Confidentiality Interpreter services Don t Don't assume Don't patronize Don t force help Don t confront the abuser Don't ask probing questions 18
QUESTIONS Where are you living? Are you in school? Are you getting enough to eat? Are you working right now? What type of work? What s your transportation to get places? Can you come and go as you please? Did you ever have sex when you didn t want to for any reason? Sometimes people trade sex for money or because they have to survive, has that happened to you? 19
INTERVENTION Trauma Informed Care Organizational structure and treatment framework that involves understanding, recognizing, and responding to the effects of childhood trauma. Harm Reduction Built on the premise of reducing harmful behaviors incrementally instead of immediate abstinence Safety planning Is developing a concrete plan that identifies strengths, resources and strategies to increase safety Exit Services Assessing if they want out or if it is safe for them to do so? 20
SEATTLE AREA PROTOCOLS Current protocols in place for: Sexual abuse (SANE) Child abuse Domestic violence Sexual exploitation of minors (CSEC Protocol) 21
WHAT TO DO? What should you do if you suspect human trafficking? Call 1-888-3737-888 Minors: mandatory reporting Adults: social work consult, give resources and hotline 22
REFERRALS 23
INTERESTED IN LEARNING MORE?? May 15, 2018 Swedish event for healthcare Beyond Trafficking: Understanding Commercial Sexual Exploitation and the Role of Healthcare Systems Understanding the Demand that drives the global sex trade What resources do we have in our community? Stakeholder, Demand, Survivor s voices panel Hearing Survivor s experiences with Healthcare CEU s available CENTER FOR CHILDREN AND YOUTH JUSTICE (CCYJ) King County CSEC TASK Force once a month: Next Training Feb 27 Responding to the sexual exploitation and trafficking of youth Kalie McNelly krwither@live.com 24