Announcements: 1: None You need: 1: Spiral/blank sheet of paper 2: Greece and Rome DBQ (CLASS SET!) Bell Ringer: September 13(14), 2017 1. Get out your notes from last class. 2. Re-read your notes and in the summary space of your notes, describe the characteristics of Ancient Greece. Include a description of the political system during the Golden Age of Pericles (clue, ATHENS), describe the art and architecture, and explain the importance of the philosophers. Political system during Golden Age of Pericles: democracygovernment decisions are made by citizens Art and architecture: realistic sculptures, proportion, balance. Columns are doric, ionic, or Corinthian Philosophers used human reason to understand the universe, also had ideas about the earth and mathematics
Housekeeping Pass back papers Monday/Tuesday: TOP TEN GRADES FOR EACH CLASS- CANDY Monday/Tuesday: Failingto-not failing: CANDY Take this time to set up your Cornell notes, turn in homework, and grab your clickers
Announcements/Materials Announcements None Materials Spiral/paper Greece and Rome DBQ
Lesson Objective Describe the rise and characteristics of Roman civilization. 1. What are we learning? Rewrite the LO into a question. How would How will How might Why would Why will Why might
Lesson Objective 2. Why is it important/making a connection? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ur1pewx68c4 Emperor Nero s palace is an example of the technology that the Romans had. His palace had pieces inspired by the Greeks (columns), but Roman aspects too, such as arches and domes. Where have you seen the influence of Greco-Roman culture in Texas? Ex: Many buildings, like the US Capitol, Texas Capitol, and even the Presbyterian Church in downtown Dallas have been influenced by Greco-Roman culture.
Word Wall Vocabulary: Christianity: a monotheistic religion established by Jesus of Nazareth, (a Jew). This religion later became the official religion of Rome Dictator: in Ancient Rome, a political leader given absolute power to make laws Jesus: A Jewish man born in a city called Nazareth who founded Christianity Monotheism: belief in one god Patrician: in ancient Rome, a member of wealthy, privileged upper class Plebeian: in ancient Rome, one of the common farmers, artisans, and merchants who made up most of the population Republic: a form of government in which power is in the hands of representatives and leaders are elected by representatives
Cause/Effect of the Development of Rome Causes River valleys were starting points, and from there, leaders began to conquer nearby groups of people and territory Effects Governments became more complex Empires developed Trade expanded Military technology improved Increased differences between social classes
Turn and Talk SHOW ME! Which factor do you think most promoted the spread of ideas and products from the ancient river valley civilizations to the Romans? a. Disruption in political ties b. Climate change c. Trade links d. Mountain barriers
Geography of Ancient Rome Ancient Rome was located in the presentday Italian peninsula Built on a curve on the Tiber River, near the center of the Italian peninsula
Political Influences of Ancient Rome Roman Kingdom Kings ruled Rome until Roman Republic was established around 500 BCE Roman Republic Characterized by voting through representatives, this government system lasted until around 30 BCE Roman Empire (Emperors) Emperors (some kings, some dictators) took control of Rome beginning in 30 BCE and ruling until 476 CE, when Rome fell
Turn and Talk SHOW ME! The primary characteristic of a republic is the presence of a government a. Ruled by one political party b. Lacking in citizenship participation c. By elected representatives d. By a hereditary monarch
Political Influences of Ancient Rome In 509 BCE, the Roman Republic was established; voting rights were extended to free-born male citizens In the early republic, different groups of Romans struggled for power. Patricians were wealthy citizens who claimed their ancestry gave them the right to make laws for Rome Plebeians were citizens with the right to vote, but they were barred from holding most important government positions In time, plebeians formed their own assembly and elected representatives to protect the rights of the plebeians from unfair acts of patrician officials
Rome and United States Democracy Comparing Republican Governments Executive Legislative Judicial Rome Two consuls, elected by the assembly for one year Senate of 300 members, chosen from aristocracy for life, advises consuls Praetors, eight judges chosen for one year United States of America A president, elected by the people for four years Senate of 100 members, elected for six years House of Representatives of 435 members, elected for two years Supreme Court, nine justices appointed for life Legal code Twelve Tables: a list of rules that was the basis of the Roman legal system U.S. Constitution: basic law in the U.S. Citizenship All adult male landowners All native-born or naturalized adults
Political Influences of Ancient Rome Rome s government developed the Twelve Tables, a written list of rules based on Roman legal system Like Greece, Rome had several political ideas that influenced later civilizations: Innocent until proven guilty Equality before the law Trial by a jury of peers Roman law later became the basis for Western governments
Turn and Talk SHOW ME! Which of the following was an important contribution of Roman civilization to Western Europe? a. The establishment of a common system of written law b. The introduction of the world s first democracy c. The promotion of equality between men and women d. The invention of coined money
Political Influences of Ancient Rome As Rome grew, the gap between rich and poor widened This, along with the breakdown of the once-loyal military led to new government Julius Caesar, Crassus, and Pompey became a triumvirate, or a group of three rulers Caesar became dictator for life in 44 BCE, ending the Roman Republic
Cultural Influences of Rome The early Romans borrowed religious and cultural ideas from the Greeks: early Romans were polytheistic and believed in many gods Christianity, a monotheistic religion, developed in Judea and spread throughout the empire Christians were initially persecuted in the Roman Empire, because they refused to worship Roman emperors as gods In 312 CE, Constantine, a Roman emperor, became a Christian and in 325 CE, the Nicene Creed defined core Christian beliefs In 380, Christianity became Rome s official religion
Cultural Influences of Rome Romans often painted frescoes on walls Literature followed Greek models, but addressed Roman themes Latin was the official language of Romans, and evolved into other languages after the fall of Rome (Spanish, French, English, etc.) Architecture: arches, domes, and aqueducts which transported water into urban areas Romans also had an extensive system of paved concrete roads
Examples of Roman Art and Architecture
Turn and Talk SHOW ME! Which of the following illustrates the visual principals of Roman art?
Philosophical Influence of Rome Romans based their philosophy on an idea from the Greeks, Stoicism Emphasized virtue, duty, and moderation
Independent Practice: Pick up a copy of the Greece and Rome DBQ Read through each document and answer the questions to analyze it Categorize the documents into the following categories: Political Cultural/Philosophical/Religious Using the documents, describe the political and cultural/philosophical/religious aspects of Rome in paragraph form. Example: In Document X, Romans are described as doing X. This is part of Rome s political system/culture/philosophy/religion. Rome s political system/culture/philosophy/religion is X.