10.24.16 Pages 96-97 1. What is cultural diffusion? 2. What is diversity?
POPULATION & MOVEMENT Core Concept 6
Population Growth World Population = ~7 Billion Demographers are people who study human populations and measure the rate at which populations grow. Birth Rate = # of births per 1,000 people in a year. Death Rate = # of deaths per 1,000 people in a year. BR > DR = Population Growth
CAUSES OF POPULATION GROWTH About 200 years ago the global birth rate was only slightly above the death rate, leading to slow population growth. Industrial Revolution better medical care; improvements in food production; better living conditions; etc By the 1950s, world s population began to soar.
EFFECTS OF POPULATION GROWTH Positive production & consumption of more goods/services; increasing a country s economy. Negative population can grow faster than the supply of food, water, medicine, and other resources; lack of clean water can lead to starvation, disease, and a high infant mortality rate (# of infant deaths per 1,000 births); pollution; deforestation; desertification (spread of desert-like conditions).
THINK ABOUT IT 1. How are the birth rate and death rate used to measure population growth? 2. If the population of your town suddenly doubled, how might your daily life change?
POPULATION DISTRIBUTION Population Distribution is the spreading of people over an area of land. The world s population is distributed unevenly on Earth. Some places have lots of people (Northeastern U.S.) Some places have few people (Western U.S.)
POPULATION DISTRIBUTION People LIVE where there is: Fresh water; fertile soil; mild climates People DON T LIVE where it is: Too hot/cold; too wet/dry; mountains
POPULATION DENSITY Population density is the number of people per unit of land. Population density = # of people per square mile The more people more square mile, the more crowded a place is.
Population Density Current Population of Delhi, India 18,686,902 Current Population of India 1,266,883,598 Current Population of Oklahoma City 631,412 (predicted estimate)
New Delhi, India
TOP 10 MOST POPULOUS COUNTRIES 1. China 1,373,541,278 6. Pakistan 201,995,540 2. India 1,266,883,598 7. Nigeria 186,053,386 3. United States 323,995,528 8. Bangladesh 156,186,882 4. Indonesia 258,316,051 9. Russia 142,355,415 5. Brazil 205,823,665 10. Japan 126,702,133
POPULATION PYRAMIDS
POPULATION PYRAMIDS
THINK ABOUT IT 1. How are population distribution and population density different? 2. How might a rapid increase in a region s population density change the region?
MIGRATION Migration is the movement of people from one place to another. People often migrate WITHIN a country (like from Oklahoma City to Dallas). Internal migration is often due to jobs! Emigration = LEAVING home country; moving FROM a place (GOING) Immigration = ENTERING new country; moving INTO a new place (COMING)
MIGRATION Mass migration can greatly change a region s culture and society. Cuban immigrants to Miami!
REASONS FOR MIGRATION Push factors = causes of migration that PUSH people to leave their home country. Pull factors = reasons of migration that attract people to new countries.
THINK ABOUT IT 1. Suppose your family migrated after a tornado destroyed your home. Would the tornado be considered a push factor or a pull factor? Explain.
URBANIZATION Urban = city Rural = country Urbanization = movement of people from rural areas to urban areas (from country to city)
URBANIZATION In 2008, for the 1 st time in history, more than ½ the world s population lived in cities & towns. Europe & North America urbanization began in 1800s w/industrial Revolution. Today, rapid urbanization in Asia & Africa, where poverty in rural areas is a push factor, while higher income and better education in the cities are pull factors.
CHALLENGES OF URBANIZATION 1. Overpopulation cities have more people than they can handle. Can t provide enough housing, jobs, schools, hospitals, or other services. 2. Spread of Slums poor overcrowded urban neighborhoods. 3. Suburban sprawl spread of suburbs away from the core city. Loss of farmland, forestry, and other natural spaces Increase in pollution & energy use
CHALLENGES OF URBANIZATION Dharavi Slum in Mumbai, India Rio slums
CHALLENGES OF URBANIZATION
1950 s 1950 s Panama City, Panama, had a population of 171,000 in 1950. By 2025, it is expected to grow to 2.4 million. TODAY Mumbai, India, had a population of 2.9 million in 1950. By 2025, it is expected to grow to 26.4 million. TODAY