Chapter 11
hapter 11 WHAT YOU WILL LEARN: About the Differences between Federalists and Republicans by comparing the ideas of Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson.
Preview CH 11 ISN to page 73 As you listen to the songs answer the questions on this page The lyrics and music in these songs reflect the ideas of two different political parties Federalists and Republicans Emerged in the 1790s Stately and Majestic nature of Hail Columbia illustrates the ideas of the Federalist Party candidates represented the elite The lyrics and music of Fair and Free Elections celebrates the virtues of democracy and reflects the ideas of the Republican party - small farmers and artisans
CH 11 Read 11.1 page 145 Look at the Graphic Organizer on page 145 What differences do you notice in the men s clothing? What do the difference in clothes indicate about each man s background? How might each man s background influence his political beliefs?
11.1 Introduction Look at the picture on page 145 Who is George Washington? Who are the other men? George Washington = our first president He didn t want to do the job Knox = secretary of war (cabinet member) Hamilton = secretary of treasury Jefferson secretary of state Hamilton and Jefferson were both strong patriots, served in the Revolution and both were brilliant
11.1 Introduction Both were very different Hamilton: dressed with care, doer moved from task to task, moved with precision Jefferson: sloppy clothes, slouched, thinker and took his time to explore ideas They were great rivals developed nation s first political parties
1.2 Launching the New Government Read 11.2 quietly to yourself Inauguration sworn in as president Title some wanted your excellency strong national government Some wanted nothing that smelled of royalty (why?) Washington confirmed Mr. President Congress set up department of executive branch today s cabinet War, State, Treasury were the 1 st we have added since Created attorney general to serve as president s advisor and a post master general
Wednesday s Homework Read 11.3 Read 11.4 and answer the ISN questions on page 74 Do a thorough job well enough to possibly pass a quiz tomorrow
1.3 Washington as President Read 11.3 page 147 quietly to yourself Government needed money Argued about what to tax luxury or excise tax Farmers west of Appalachian didn t like this they sold whiskey because it was easy to get across the mountains and with the tax it would hurt their business Tarred and feathered tax collectors Hamilton and Washington saw this Whiskey Rebellion as a threat and sent forces to crush it Jefferson thought that was a bad idea and it violated people s liberties
1.3 Washington as President 1789 French Revolution inspired by American Revolution Jefferson and his followers were thrilled with this Had started calling themselves Democratic Republicans or Republicans for short Great crusade for democracy Hamilton (federalists) were appalled at this they were concerned about this happening in the US Farwell Address: Washington was upset by the division between Federalists and Republicans
1.3 Washington as President He told people to stay away from political parties (wonder what he d think today?!) Washington left office a proud man of the country he started Had added Kentucky, Tennessee and Vermont left the nation united and at peace
Reading Notes Turn ISN to pages 74-75 Read 11.4 As you read complete page 74 Then read 11.5 As you read complete page 75
Jefferson: Britain and France Most Americans favored French Revolution until it turned violent Most Republicans supported France A few noble heads was a small price to pay for freedom Federalists cursed the Republicans for their loyalty to France Edmond Genet: came to the US as a representative from France Called him Citizen Mission was to convince the US to join France against Britain in the war
Jefferson: Britain and France Republicans welcomed him He became full of himself though as the cheering crowds grew Washington did not want to be drawn in the war and did not welcome him Genet began attacking Washington and Genet tried to get others to attack him too It became too much and Washington and his supporters decided Genet had to go
11.6 John Adams By 1796, 3 rd election, political parties influenced the election process Republicans wanted Jefferson South and West Federalists wanted Adams lawyers, merchants and ship owners and business people Electoral votes counted Adams wins by 3, Jefferson comes in 2 nd they are opposing parties
Alien and Sedition Acts Tried to work closely at first but didn t work Federalists passed 4 laws Alien and Sedition Acts protect country from people like Citizen Genet Really wanted to make life difficult for the Republicans Aimed at aliens (noncitizens) 1. lengthened time it took to become a citizen 2. Allowed the president to jail or deport aliens who were suspected of stirring up trouble These laws frightened people
Alien and Sedition Acts Sedition a crime to encourage rebellion against the government Printing, writing or speaking in a scandalous or malicious way against the government Hamilton approved of this Was used to punish Republican newspaper editors who delighted in insulting Adams
Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions Republicans viewed this as an attack on free speech Thought the states needed to step up Jefferson and Madison drew up a set of resolutions or statements opposing these acts Argued congress had taken too much power and the states should nullify them State s rights Only Virginia and Kentucky adopted the resolutions
New Capital 1800 moved to Washington DC Finally had a permanent home
Election of 1800 Republicans back Jefferson Aaron Burr runs for VP Federalists choose John Adams run for presdient and Charles Pinckney of South Carolina for VP Some Federalists wanted Hamilton but he couldn t run Candidates outlined the issues early Jefferson - supported states rights frugal and simple Adams peace and prosperity Run on insults than issues Republicans accused Adams of being a tyrant and accused him of turning the nation into a monarchy
Election of 1800 Federalists called Jefferson an atheist and said he d destroy the religion and loosen the bonds of society Hamilton refused to support Adams Federalist are divided Hamilton tried to get people to vote for Pinckney for president Hamilton knew Pinckney would listen to him
Deadlock Adams lost the election not sure who won Each elector casts 2 votes. 1 st place is president; 2 nd place is VP All of the Republicans voted for Jefferson and Burr tie between them Sends the tie to the House of Rep. to break it Each state has one vote Burr should have told his supporters to vote for Jefferson as his party wanted but he was hoping to win
Deadlock House voted another tie 6 days, 35 ballots Hamilton breaks the tie Asked the supporters of him to vote for Jefferson he was the lesser of 2 evils said Hamilton 1804-12 th amendment prevents ties and has electoral college cast separate votes for president and VP Peaceful transition of power