P a g e 1 APHUG Chapter 8: Political Geography p.238 KI 1-4 Name Key Issues 1: Where Are States Located? 2: Why Do Boundaries Between States Cause Problems? 3: Why Do States Cooperate with Each Other? 4: Why Has Terrorism Increased? 1. Since the end of the in the 1990s the global political landscape has changed drastically. 2. Which two superpowers ruled the world from the 1940s to the late 1980s? 3. Due to globalization states (aka countries) stay connected for reasons. KEY ISSUE #1: Where Are States Located? 4. In the 1940s the world was approx. countries and in 2009 the world was countries. 5. What is a state? 6. The following countries test the definition of a state. Explain why? a. Korea b. China and Taiwan c. Western Sahara (Sahrawi Republic) d. Antarctica
P a g e 2 Largest State States > 5 million sq. kilometers Microstates (definition) Smallest State States < 1,000 sq. kilometers 7. How was the world divided prior to the 1800s? 8. During this time much of the earth was territory? 9. The first states are traced back to the ancient. 10. This area was known as the and it was a crossroads of Europe, Asia, and Africa. 11. The first states to evolve in were city-states. 12. Describe city-states: 13. Name at least three of the civilizations/empires that thrived in the Fertile Crescent. 14. Another civilization to thrive at the Western end of the Fertile Crescent was a civilization that became an empire due to the Nile River. 15. The created political unity in the ancient world by controlling most of the known world. 16. Which lands did this empire (#15) control? 17. When and why did this empire fall? 18. What modern European states developed beginning in the early 1100s? 19. How did European states come to control most of the world? 20. What was the motives of European states when establishing colonies?
21. The three motives can be summarizes as,, &. P a g e 3 22. European colonization of Africa and Asia is often called? 23. What is the difference between Colonialism and Imperialism? What group of people assembled the largest colonial empire? What did they proclaim about their empire? 24. What did France try to do with its colonies? 25. When did many of the African and Asian colonies gain independence? 26. Today the most populous colony is, and it is a colony or territory of the. 27. What is the least populated colony today? KEY ISSUE #2: Where Are Boundaries Drawn Between States? 1. A state is separated from its neighbor by a.
P a g e 4 2. Shape effects potential for and with neighbor states. 3. Shape gives a state a and can influence what two things within a state? 4. Define and give an example of a compact state. 5. Define and give 2 examples of an elongated state. What is a potential problem of an elongated state? 6. Define a prorupted state and explain the two principal reasons they are created. 7. What is a perforated state? Give an example of a perforated state. 8. What are the two types of fragmented states? List some of the problems that each type face as a result of their fragmentation? 9. Give an example of a landlocked state. Where are these states most common? Why is having access to a body of water critical to a state? Identify the shape of the state: Match the letter to the correct shaped state picture. A. Compact B. Perforated C. Prorupted D. Elongated F. Elongated G. Landlocked
P a g e 5 10. Two types of boundaries: &. 11. Physical boundaries include:. 12. The two types of cultural boundaries are:. 13. Geometric boundaries often involve &. 14. What is the most notable religious boundary in recent history? 15. Who drew the map of Europe after WWI? What was the major criterion used to draw the new boundaries?. 16. What two nationalities live on the island of Cyprus? &. Explain the situation between these two nationalities. 17. What has been done to keep peace between these two nationalities? 18. What has been used to separate states historically?. 19. True or False: It is normal for many people to live in a frontier zone. 20. Why are boundaries drawn within states? 21. What are the two approaches used to govern states? &. 22. What are the advantages of a unitary state? 23. The United States is a federated state because 24. What are the advantages of a federated state? 25. True or False: In recent years there has been a strong global trend toward federated governments in states. 26. Explain the government used in France 27. Explain the new governmental system used in Poland
P a g e 6 28. Why did Poland switch to a federated system? 29. Why do boundaries have to be redrawn within states? 31. True or False: Gerrymandering is redrawing boundaries to benefit a political party. 32. Name and briefly outline the three types of gerrymandering. KEY ISSUE #3: Why Do States Cooperate with Each Other? 1. Why are states breaking up into smaller states? 2. Why is the world s collection of states threatened? 3. Why were global organizations created during the Cold War Era? 4. What is the most important global organization? a. How many countries was a part of it as of 2006- b. What was it called originally- c. What are the functions of it? 5. Superpower is a. During the Cold War era: b. During the 1800 s
P a g e 7 c. What did the superpowers warn they will do if an ally became too independent? 6. The 2 alliances after WWII: & 7. What happened to the Warsaw Pact? 8. What are some other regional organizations? Name and describe 3 briefly. 9. What other countries have drawn the ranks of being an economic powers? 10. Explain the role of the European Union. 11. Why was the EU initially designed? 12. What was COMECON? 13. What has been the result of the European Union? KEY ISSUE #4: Why Has Terrorism Increased? 1. Define terrorism.
P a g e 8 2. What is the difference between terrorism and assassinations? 3. What are some examples of terrorists attacks in the United States? (5) 4. Which one is the most dramatic terrorist attack against the US and discuss the impact. 5. What group is responsible for many of the anti-u.s. terrorists attacks? a. Who is the founder of this group? b. Give background of this individual. c. How did he convince militant Muslims to join the cause? d. What attacks has this group been responsible for since 9/11. e. True or False there are many local franchises a part of this group. 6. Who is Jemaaah Islamiyah and what is he responsible for? 7. Why have Muslims received a bad reputation when it comes to terrorism? 8. Discuss the relationship between the United States and the following countries due to state support for terrorism.
P a g e 9 LIBYA AFGHANISTAN IRAQ IRAN PAKISTAN Figure 8-25 & 8-26: What do these two maps explain about conflict in Southwest Asia? CASE STUDIES PAGES 240 & 269: Read, Analyze, and Answer Below: 1. Discuss the issues between France & Germany over boundaries, government, and economics. 2. Discuss the issue between: a. Llubljana and Zagreb? b. Vilnuius & Moscow? 3. Besides boundaries in Europe what is the most fundamental obstacle to Western European integration. 4. How is W. Europe displaying tolerance for the cultural values of their neighbors? 5. Why are Europeans fearful of too much immigration?
P a g e 10 SUMMARY: 1. Even though the Cold War has ended what issues have arisen as a result of the creation of new states? 2. These issues have led to many outbreaks of. 3. What are the three main characteristics of a state? 4. How are boundaries drawn between states? 5. What issues occur with boundaries? 6. Why do you think states need to cooperate with one another in the 21 st century? 7. Why has terrorism increased particularly in the U.S. and Europe?