Introduction to the Refugee Context and Higher Education Programmes Supporting Refugees in Germany Stockholm 28 October 2016 Julia Kracht, Higher Education Programmes for Refugees, DAAD 1
Agenda 1. Facts & Figures 2. DAAD s measures to respond to the refugee crisis 3. Challenges 2
The German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) is A self-governing organisation of German universities: n 239 member universities n 105 student bodies 3
Budget 2015 Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF): 110 million = 23 % BMBF Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ): 44 million = 10 % BMZ European Union (EU): 85 million = 18 % EU Total: Federal Foreign Office (AA): 184 million = 39 % 471 million Other Other funding bodies: 48 million = 10 % AA 4
Facts & Figures The situation worldwide (2015) 65.3 million forcibly displaced worldwide 21.3 million refugees 40.8 million Internally displaced persons 3.2 million Asylum-seekers TOP hosting countries 1. Turkey (2.5 million) 2. Pakistan (1.55 million) 3. Lebanon (1.1 million) 4. Islamic Republic of Iran (0.95 million) 5. Ethiopia (0.75 million) Source: UNHCR, Global Trends. Forced Displacement in 2015, Genf, Juni 2016 5
Facts & Figures The situation in Germany Development of the number of asylum applications (2014-2016) Total number of registered refugees in 2015 Total number of applications for asylum in 2015 Total number of registered refugees in the first half of 2016 Total number of applications for asylum in the first half of 2016 (incl. July) 1.1 million 442.000 238.424 468.762 Source: Federal Office for Migration and Refugees, August 2016 6
Facts & Figures The situation in Germany Asylum applications by age group and gender (01/2015-12/2015) 70% are younger than 30 Age group Asylum applications Distribution of male asylum applicants by age group Distribution of female asylum applicants by age group Percentage of male asylum applicants within the age groups Percentage of female asylum applicants within the age groups Total up to 16 years 117.008 26,5% 64.475 21.1% 52.533 38,5% 55,1% 44,9% from 16 to under 18 years 20.471 4,6% 16.253 5,3% 4.218 3,1% 79,4% 20,6% from 18 to under 25 years 109.672 24,8% 88.121 28,8% 21.551 15,8% 80,3% 19,7% from 25 to under 30 years 67.258 15,2% 50.828 16,6% 16.430 12,1% 75,6% 24,4% from 30 to under 35 years 46.698 10,6% 32.923 10,8% 13.775 10,1% 70,5% 29,5% from 35 to under 40 years 31.239 7,1% 21.216 6,9% 10.023 7,4% 67,9% 32,1% from 40 to under 45 years 20.194 4,6% 13.704 4,5% 6.490 4,8% 67,9% 32,1% from 45 to under 50 years 12.848 2,9% 8.557 2,8% 4.291 3,1% 66,6% 33,4% from 50 to under 55 years 7.489 1,7% 4.711 1,5% 2.778 2,0% 62,9% 37,1% from 55 to under 60 years 4.245 1,0% 2.386 0,8% 1.859 1,4% 56,2% 43,8% from 60 to under 65 years 2.382 0,5% 1.294 0,4% 1.088 0,8% 54,3% 45,7% 65 years and older 2.395 0,5% 1.116 0,4% 1.279 0,9% 46,6% 53,4% Total 441.899 100,0% 305.584 100,0% 136.315 100,0% 69,2% 30,8% Source: Federal Office for Migration and Refugees, 2016 (adapted) 7
Facts & Figures The situation in Germany Most important countries of origin of asylum seekers (01-07/2016) Nigeria 1,3% Pakistan 1,9% EritreaUnknown 1,9% 2,8% Iran 3,3% Russia 1,4% Albania 1,8% Other 12,7% Syria 41,8% Irak 14,1% Afghanistan 17,0% Source: Federal Office for Migration and Refugees, August 2016 (adapted) 8
Facts & Figures The situation in Germany Educational Background Asylum seekers from all countries of origin, > 18 years old (in %) Asylum seekers from Syria, > 18 years old (in%) Primary school; 22,4 Secondary school; 28,8 No schooling; 7,2 Other; 0,7 Higher education; 17,8 Technical school; 2,7 High school; 20,4 Secondary school; 24,1 Primary school; 17,4 No schooling; 2,6 Other; 0,4 Technical school; 1,9 Higher education; 27 High school; 26,6 Source: BAMF; Background: Self disclosure of a) 105.000 Applicants for asylum of all HKL; b) 28.000 Asylum seekers from Syria 9
DAAD s measures to respond to the refugee crisis Focus: neighbouring countries Sur place scholarship programmes for the integration of refugees in the region Focus: Germany Programmes to facilitate the integration of refugees into German HEIs DAAD s measures 10
DAAD s measures to respond to the refugee crisis Focus: Neighbouring Countries Focus: Germany HOPES Leadership for Syria New Perspectives Baden-Württemberg-Programme BMZ special initiatives Higher Education Programmes for Refugees Welcome and Integra Sur Place scholarships at the TDU Higher Education Programmes for Refugees NRWays to Higher Education 11
DAAD s measures in Germany starting point German HEIs/students had set up many projects that support the integration of refugees into higher education Integration activities, e.g. buddy programmes Give access to university facilities e.g. access to library follow courses as guests Develop admission procedures in case of lacking documentation Voluntary student engagement: refugees law clinics, German language classes, etc. And many more 12
Resolution of the Standing Conference of the Ministers of Education and Cultural Affairs (KMK) December 2015: Resolution on admission to higher education for refugees in Germany system to validate prior learning (Hochschulzugangsberechtigung HZB) Proof of prior learning is missing à three step system to prove status: (1) Verification of asylum status (2) Plausibility check of educational biography (3) Proof of HZB by quality based test procedure 13
DAAD s measures in Germany challenge Aims: 1. Establish sustainable support structures at the HEIs 2. Provide support at the different levels of the student life cycle Ø On 13 October the Federal Ministry of Education and Research announced to support German HEIs with 100 million Euros until 2019 Ø DAAD set up and now administers measures and programmes for the HEIs 14
Four-phase model to integrate refugees at universities All measures accompanied by digital testing, learning and teaching formats Phase 1: Entrance Assessing prerequisites for admission and aptitude: diagnostics and advising Phase 2: Preparation Preparing refugees for study: foundation courses, subject-specific language courses, intercultural training Phase 3: Study Monitoring academic progress: mentoring and supplementary modules Phase 4: Career Transitioning into the workforce: coaching and customised qualification measures 15
DAAD s measures in Germany: overview of funding lines Recognising potentials: Diagnostics and advisory services Assessment tests for foreign students (TestAS) Support of HEIs with regards to the document screening: Service provider uniassist web-based language tests onset-german and onset-english Ensuring academic qualification: preparatory courses DAAD- Programme INTEGRA (171 projects): 2400 additional places each year at preparatory colleges Language instruction and subject-based preparation through foundation courses at HEIs Supporting student engagement DAAD- Programme WELCOME (161 projects): student projects and mentoring programmes à supporting student engagement 16
Participation by Bundesland (Integra and Welcome) Total: 332 60 50 45 48 52 40 30 20 10 24 14 5 9 21 9 28 16 4 21 11 12 13 0 Baden- Wuerttemberg Bavaria Berlin Brandenburg Bremen Hamburg Hesse Mecklenburg- Western Pomerania Lower Saxony North Rhine- Westphalia Rhineland- Palatinate Saarland Saxony Saxony-Anhalt Schleswig- Holstein Thuringia 17
Measures of the Welcome Programme Workshops/Events 34 Total: 449 Translation 12 Tutorials 10 Language preparation 80 Refugee Law Clinic 18 Websites/evaluation 17 Information material 32 Guest lectures 23 Subject related preparation 65 Buddy/tandem 80 Mentoring 10 Advising 68 0 20 40 60 80 100 18
Measures of the Bundesländer Example The Programme NRWays to University Application Deadlinie: 28.10.2016 Start of funding/projects: 01.01.2017 Open for: 34 HEIs in Northrhine-Westphalia Line A: Preparatory courses as wellas language courses and tutorials accompanying studies Line B: Funding for staff to strengthen the existing structures for guidance for refugees (up to 61.800 /year) Funding until 31.12.2019 (courses) respectively 2020 (staff) 19
DAAD s measures in Germany: New Website 20
DAAD s measures in Germany: Publications for refugees 21
DAAD s measures in Germany: Publications for HEIs 22
DAAD s measures in Germany: Seminars International DAAD Academy (ida) Seminar Refugees and Higher Education 8 Seminars Welcome Students for Refugees 23
Challenges with regards to the integration of refugees into HE Germany (and Europe?) German (and European?) challenges 1. (German) Language skills 2. Lack of documentation 3. Financial issues 4. Formal admission procedures 24
Thank you for your attention. Julia Kracht Section Higher Education Programmes for Refugees German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) Kennedyallee 50 53175 Bonn Germany Michael Jordan Tel.: +49 (0)228 882-8829 25