WELL-BEING AND ENHANCING FOOD SECURITY: MEASURING WHAT MATTERS TO AGRICULTURAL COMMUNITIES S U L A I M A N M. Y A S S I N, U I M - Y B K C H A I R P R O F E S S O R I N W E L L - B E I N G A G R E X 2017 DSY UIM-UPM AGREX17 FEB 2017 1
WHY WELL-BEING Objective and subjective well-being what really matters for people are more and more disconnected from GDP; Environmental sustainability is not at all accounted for by GDP; Un-measurability means invisibility, or, as the saying goes, what is not measured is not managed ; Measuring is governing: indicators determine policies and actions. DSY UIM-UPM AGREX17 FEB 2017 2
WELL-BEING, JOY AND HAPPINESS DSY UIM-UPM AGREX17 FEB 2017 3
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THE DOMINANCE OF GDP MEASURE SIMON KUZNETS (1901-1985) FUNDED BY U.S. NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMICS RESEARCH IN 1934, SUBMITTED A REPORT TO CONGRESS WHICH CREATED A LASTING IMPACT STUDIED NATIONAL INCOME DATA, BUSINESS CYCLE, CHARACTERISTICS OF ECONOMIC GROWTH GDP MEASURES HAS PERVADED GLOBAL ECONOMIC PROGRESS AND AS A PROXY OF OVERALL DEVELOPMENT DSY UIM-UPM AGREX17 FEB 2017 5
The welfare of a nation can, therefore, scarcely be inferred from a measurement of national income as defined above. Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis DSY UIM-UPM AGREX17 FEB 2017 6
THE ROOT OF DEVELOPMENT volepper French, to wrap like a flower bud developper To unwrap the flower bud Revealing the beauty inside DSY UIM-UPM AGREX17 FEB 2017 7
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT DSY UIM-UPM AGREX17 FEB 2017 8
9 THE WELL-BEING EVIDENCE One of the key aims of a democratic government is to promote the good life: a flourishing society where citizens are happy, healthy, capable, and engaged in other words with high levels of well-being. DSY UIM-UPM AGREX17 FEB 2017
WELL-BEING IN VERY SIMPLE TERMS Well-being is a broader conscious assessment of one's life situation. It reflects one's Quality of Life and level of happiness In being well LIKE AS HUMAN BEINGS, WE SAY BEING HUMAN IN WELL-BEING, WE SAY, BEING WELL DSY UIM-UPM AGREX17 FEB 2017 10
THE BRITISH ACADEMY DSY UIM-UPM AGREX17 FEB 2017 12
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High Level Consultation Integrating Nutrition into ASEAN Integrated Food Security Framework and its Strategic Plan of Action for Food Security Bangkok 2013 DSY UIM-UPM AGREX17 FEB 2017 19
AGRICULTURE AND CLIMATE CHANGE DSY UIM-UPM AGREX17 FEB 2017 20
ILLNESS-WELLNESS CONTINUUM DSY UIM-UPM AGREX17 FEB 2017 21
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WHAT IS WELL-BEING? KEPUASAN KEDUA-DUA KEPERLUAN MATERIAL DAN KEROHANIAN KEDUA-DUA KEPERLUAN INI ADALAH SALING BERKAITAN. JIKA SALAH SATU KEPERLUAN ITU DIABAIKAN, IANYA MEMBERI KESAN KEPADA KEPERLUAN YANG LAIN ITU DSY UIM-UPM AGREX17 FEB 2017 24
LEGATUM PROSPERITY INDEX (LONDON) The Legatum Institute's signature annual publication is the Prosperity Index, a unique global assessment of national prosperity based on both wealth and wellbeing. DSY UIM-UPM AGREX17 FEB 2017 Malaysia RANKED 38 TH OF 149 Economic Quality 23 rd Business Environment 16 th Governance 40 th Education 31 st Health 37 th Safety & Security 58 th Personal Freedom 112 th Social Capital 33 rd Natural Environment 49 th 25
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1.Free market, but people not so free. Personal freedom must match economic freedom for Malaysia to prosper. 2.Want to be an entrepreneur? Start a business in 6 days in Malaysia. 3.Malaysia s lost growth. Get more women into the workforce to supercharge growth. DSY UIM-UPM AGREX17 FEB 2017 27
SOCIAL PROGRESS INDEX ( WA S H I N G T O N, D. C. ) Global Standard The Social Progress Index is based on a range of social and environmental outcome indicators organized within three dimensions of social progress: Basic Human Needs, Foundations of Wellbeing, and Opportunity DSY UIM-UPM AGREX17 FEB 2017 28
SOCIAL PROGRESS INDEX BASIC HUMAN NEEDS FOUNDATIONS OF WELLBEING OPPORTUNITY Nutrition & Basic Medical Care Water & Sanitation Shelter Personal Safety Access to Basic Knowledge Access to Information & Communications Health & Wellness Ecosystem Sustainability Personal Rights Personal Freedom & Choice Tolerance & Inclusion Access to Advanced Education DSY UIM-UPM AGREX17 FEB 2017 29
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PERSPEKTIF KESEJAHTERAAN SUBJEKTIF: YBK/UPM (SULAIMAN ET AL. 2015) kesejahteraan persekitaran, kesejahteraan keseimbangan pekerjaan & kehidupan, kesejahteraan pendidikan, kesejahteraan politik, kesejahteraan kesihatan fizikal, kesejahteraan psikologi, kesejahteraan budaya, kesejahteraan kemudahan fizikal kesejahteraan keselamatan, kesejahteraan sosial, kesejahteraan ekonomi kesejahteraan spiritual. DSY UIM-UPM AGREX17 FEB 2017 Rajah 1: Model konseptual kesejahteraan subjektif YBK-UPM 31
Perempuan Perempuan 3.83 Lelaki 3.78 3.75 3.8 3.85 >40 tahun Pedalaman Kumpulan manakah mempunyai TERAS SOSIAL yang terbaik? Pedalaman 3.82 B. Sarawak B. Sarawak Melayu India 3.85 3.82 3.91 Kuala Terengganu Kuching Kuching Yan Sg Petani Ranau Kemaman Johor Bharu Bintulu Batu Pahat Kuala Langat K.Kinabalu Petaling 4.05 4.04 3.93 3.91 3.88 3.78 3.78 3.77 3.76 3.72 3.6 3.47 3 3.5 4 4.5 >RM3,501 >40 tahun 25-40 tahun Bandar 3.79 3.76 3.78 3.8 3.82 3.84 B. Sabah 3.74 Cina 3.68 3.4 3.6 3.8 4 >RM3501 <RM750 RM1501-RM2500 3.85 3.84 3.82 RM751-RM1500 3.79 <25 tahun RM2501-RM3500 3.7 3.7 3.75 3.8 3.85 3.9 DSY UIM-UPM AGREX17 FEB 2017 3.6 3.8 4 32
Lelaki LELAKI 4.05 PEREMPUAN 3.95 3.9 4 4.1 >40 tahun >40 YEARS 4.05 25-40 TAHUN 4.02 RURAL BANDAR Kumpulan manakah yang mempunyai TERAS INDIVIDU yang terbaik? Luar Bandar 3.96 4.02 3.9 3.95 4 4.05 MALAY CINA B. SARAWAK INDIA B. SABAH Melayu 3.7 4.07 4.06 4.05 3.97 3.4 3.6 3.8 4 4.2 KUALA TERENGGANU YAN BATU PAHAT KUCHING KUALA LANGAT PETALING KEMAMAN BINTULU JOHOR BHARU SG PETANI RANAU K.KINABALU K.Tganu 4.28 4.27 4.08 4.04 4.02 3.99 3.98 3.97 3.95 3.89 3.76 3.63 3 4 5 >RM3,501 >RM3501 4.12 RM2501-RM3500 4.01 RM1501-RM2500 4 <25 TAHUN 3.86 RM751-RM1500 <RM750 3.92 3.9 3.7 3.8 3.9 4 4.1 DSY UIM-UPM AGREX17 FEB 2017 3.7 3.8 3.9 4 4.1 4.2 33
Lelaki Lelaki 3.59 Perempuan 3.35 >40 tahun >40 years 3.65 Kumpulan manakah yang mempunyai TERAS FIZIKAL yang terbaik? Luar Bandar Luar Bandar Bandar 3.38 3.59 Melayu Cina B. Sarawak Melayu India B. Sabah 3.21 3.55 3.54 3.45 3.41 Yan Kemaman Kuala Terengganu Kuching Batu Pahat Sg Petani Kuala Langat Ranau Bintulu Johor Bharu Petaling K.Kinabalu Yan <RM750 <RM750 3.83 3.78 3.71 3.65 3.64 3.48 3.44 3.35 3.26 3.24 3.13 3.08 3.64 RM751-RM1500 3.52 25-40 tahun 3.37 RM1501-RM2500 3.49 <25 tahun 3.35 RM2501-RM3500 >RM3501 3.41 3.34 DSY UIM-UPM AGREX17 FEB 2017 34
UIM-SERENDAH WELL-BEING INDEX OBJECTIVE WELL- BEING Income Level of education Housing Saving Exercise Volunteering Lifestyle Smoking Sleeping polar Health screening Drinking SUBJECTIVE WELL- BEING SOCIAL WELL-BEING PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING EDUCATIONAL WELL-BEING POLITICAL WELL-BEING HEALTH WELL-BEING WORK LIFE BALANCE WELL-BEING ECONOMIC WELL-BEING SAFETY WELL-BEING PHYSICAL FACILITIES WELL-BEING PERMA DSY UIM-UPM AGREX17 FEB 2017 35
INDEKS DIMENSI KESEJAHTERAAN SERENDAH Kesejahteraan Keselamatan Awam 3.25 Kesejahteraan Pekerjaan 3.28 Kesejahteraan Kemudahan Fizikal 3.8 Kesejahteraan Ekonomi 3.48 Kesejahteraan Kesihatan Fizikal 4.04 Kesejahteraan Politik 3.54 Kesejahteraan Pendidikan 3.99 Kesejahteraan Spiritual 4.32 Kesejahteraan Sosial 4.04 DSY UIM-UPM AGREX17 FEB 2017 36
(1) PERMA/SKPHP 1. Positive Emotion/Sikap Positif, 2. Engagement/Keterlibatan 3. Relations/Perhubungan 4. Meaning/Hidup bermakna 5. Achievement/Pencapaian DSY UIM-UPM AGREX17 FEB 2017 38
(2) THE WHEEL OF WELL-BEING Be Active (Sihat) Keep learning (Terus belajar) Give (Infak) Connect (Silaturrahim) Take Notice (Beriperhatian) Care (Peduli) DSY UIM-UPM AGREX17 FEB 2017 39
PANDANGAN ISLAM TENTANG MATLAMAT DI DALAM KEHIDUPAN Tiada siapa yang tahu apa kebaikan yang membolehkan kita ke syurga Masuk syurga kerana? Amal Rahmat Syafaat (dengan izin dan redha Allah) DSY UIM-UPM AGREX17 FEB 2017 40
(3) KAEDAH ISLAM MENCAPAI KETENTERAMAN JIWA Faith Knowledge Science Worship Rememberance Khidmat kemanusiaan KETENANGAN JIWA Berapa? 5 jenis ibadat: (1) Hati ikhlas, sabar, tawakkal, takut, harap (2) Badan solat, puasa, (3) Harta sadeqah, nazar, (4) Lisan zikir, doa (5) Gabungan badan & harta haji, DSY umrah UIM-UPM AGREX17 FEB 2017 41
1. Mengharap redha Allah 8. Bina kump. sokongan 9. Perolehi dan makan yg halal 2. Qanaah 7. Atur dan hidup cara mudah 10. Sentiasa sihat 3. Berkorban untuk yang memerlukan 6. Bina dan kekal hubungan keluarga 11. Sabar dan yakin Bila? 5. Jangan tamak dan hubud dunia 5. Minta dan harap hanya dari Allah KEBAHAGIAAN DSY UIM-UPM AGREX17 FEB 2017 DSY HAK CIPTA TERPELIHARA 42
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT DIMENSIONS DSY UIM-MPC, FEBRUARY 2017 43
QUO VADIS WELL-BEING IN MALAYSIA NEED FOR BUY-IN POLICY IMPLICATIONS (INCLUDING FOOD SECURITY) ENHANCE INNOVATIVE AGRICULTURE CREATE A WELL-BEING ECONOMY (THAT BEGINS WITH AND PROMOTES WELL-BEING) DSY UIM-UPM AGREX17 FEB 2017 44
QUO VADIS WELL-BEING IN MALAYSIA STRENGTHEN SOCIAL CAPITAL (ESP. AGRIC- BASED) STRIVE FOR USEFUL AND RELIABLE AND TESTED MEASURES WELL-BEING OUTCOMES TO BE ACCEPTED AS IMPORTANT IN EVALUATION OF SUCCESS JUST AS ECONOMIC AND OTHER OUTCOMES DSY UIM-UPM AGREX17 FEB 2017 45
JAZAKALLAH KHAIRAN KATHIRA DSY UIM-UPM AGREX17 FEB 2017 46