WIPPO Snap Poll I: How the U.S. Public and U.S.-based IR Scholars Compare on Iran Nuclear Agreement, Use of Force, Migration Crisis, Greece, Trade Agreements, and FIFA July 8, 2015 Wisconsin International Policy and (WIPPO) Project University of Wisconsin Madison and Teaching, Research & International Policy (TRIP) Project Institute for the Theory and Practice of International Relations (ITPIR) College of William and Mary http://www.wm.edu/trip Principal Investigators: Acknowledgements: Media Contact: Data Contacts: Methodology: Daniel Maliniak, College of Susan Peterson, College of Jon Pevehouse, University of Wisconsin Madison Ryan Powers, University of Wisconsin Madison Michael J. Tierney, College of We would like to thank Sooyeon Kim, David Singer, and Eric Voeten for their valuable input on survey questions and would like to thank the Carnegie Corporation of New York for supporting this research. Sasha Maliniak Phone: (757) 221-7568 Email: sjmaliniak@wm.edu Elizabeth Martin, Katie Paulson-Smith Phone: (757) 221-1466 Email: irsurvey@wm.edu For the public opinion poll, we surveyed 1,000 Americans from an existing panel provided by Qualtrics. The poll was open June 9, 2014 to June 18, 2015. The margin of error is approximately +/-3.1 percent. Table 1 shows that this sample is representative of the U.S. public in terms of age, gender, and income. We report results of three polls of scholars. For these polls, we attempted to contact all international relations (IR) scholars in the United States. We define IR scholars as individuals who are employed at a college or university in a political science department or professional school and who teach or conduct research on issues that cross international borders. WIPPO Snap Poll I 1

The 2014 TRIP Faculty Survey was open September 9 to November 3, 2014. Of the 4,187 scholars across the United States who we contacted, 1,615 responded. The resulting response rate is approximately 38 percent, and the margin of error for the poll is +/-1.91 percent. For additional details see the full report here. TRIP Snap Poll 5 was open April 6 to April 7, 2015. Of the 4,169 scholars across the United States who we contacted, 921 responded. The resulting response rate is approximately 22.1 percent, and the margin of error for the poll is +/- 2.85% percent. For additional details see the full report here. TRIP Snap Poll 6 was open May 31 to June 2, 2015. Of the 4,094 scholars across the United States who we contacted, 655 responded. The resulting response rate is approximately 16.0 percent, and the margin of error for the poll is +/- 3.51% percent. For additional details see the full report here. WIPPO Snap Poll I 2

Introduction We are pleased to share the results of the first Wisconsin International Policy and (WIPPO) Snap Poll of the U.S. Public. WIPPO Snap Polls of the public are conducted in parallel with TRIP Snap Polls of IR scholars in order to understand how expert opinion on international politics and policy issues differs from that of the public. With support from the Carnegie Corporation of New York, we field TRIP/WIPPO Snap Polls several times a year. Our polls provide real-time data in the wake of significant policy proposals, during international crises, and on emerging foreign policy debates. In this series of polls, we asked about support for military use of force, ongoing negotiations between Iran and the P5+1, Greece and the future of the Euro, international migration, FIFA, and free-trade agreements. A related essay identifying some interesting patterns and raising new questions is published on ForeignPolicy.com. For a direct link to that article click here. How WIPPO/TRIP Snap Polls work WIPPO Snap Polls of the U.S. public are fielded using a standing internet-based panel from Qualtrics. In this first public opinion poll, we surveyed 1,000 Americans. The sample is representative of the U.S. public in terms of gender, age, and income. TRIP polls survey all IR scholars in the United States. To be included in our sample, individuals must be employed at a U.S. college or university in a political science department or professional school and teach or conduct research on issues that cross international borders. The number of responses to each question is listed below. See each report for a detailed breakdown of the demographic characteristics of respondents compared to the population of IR scholars identified by the TRIP project. WIPPO Snap Poll I 3

Survey Results Question 1: Would you support or oppose taking military action if it were certain Iran was close to producing a nuclear weapon? Response Option Strongly support military action 58 5.32% 362 31.21% Support military action 186 17.06% 370 31.9 Neither support nor oppose military action 188 17.25% 273 23.53% Oppose military action 421 38.61% 109 9. Strongly oppose military action 237 21.75% 46 3.97% 5 Would you support or oppose taking military action if it were certain Iran was close to producing a nuclear weapon? 38.6% 3 31.2% 31.9% 23.5% 21.8% 2 17.1% 17.2% 1 5.3% 9.4% 4. Strongly support military action Source: Teaching, Research and Support military action Neither support nor oppose military action Oppose military action Strongly oppose military action WIPPO Snap Poll I 4

Question 2: Would you support or oppose taking military action to prevent genocide of ethnic Rohingya in Myanmar (Burma)? Response Option Strongly support 65 5.95% 312 26.94% Support 309 28.35% 303 26.17% Neither support nor oppose 287 26.31% 401 34.63% Oppose 327 29.96% 99 8.55% Strongly Oppose 103 9.43% 43 3.71% Would you support or oppose taking military action to prevent genocide of ethnic Rohingya in Myanmar (Burma)? 34.6% 3 26.9% 28.4% 26.2% 26.3% 30. 2 1 8.6% 9.4% 6. 3.7% Strongly support Support Neither support nor oppose Source: Teaching, Research and Oppose Strongly Oppose WIPPO Snap Poll I 5

Question 3: Would you support or oppose taking military action to enforce a comprehensive peace agreement between Israelis and Palestinians? Response Option Strongly support 111 10.14% 211 18.22% Support 337 30.85% 328 28.32% Neither support nor oppose 200 18.25% 391 33.77% Oppose 297 27.14% 155 13.39% Strongly Oppose 149 13.62% 73 6.3 Would you support or oppose taking military action to enforce a comprehensive peace agreement between Israelis and Palestinians? 33.8% 3 30.9% 28.3% 27.1% 2 18.2% 18.3% 13.4% 13.6% 1 10.1% 6.3% Strongly Support Support Neither support nor oppose Source: Teaching, Research and Oppose Strongly Oppose WIPPO Snap Poll I 6

Question 4: Would you support or oppose taking military action if Sudan continues to perpetrate human rights abuses within its borders? Response Option Strongly support 38 3.55% 235 20.29% Support 245 22.92% 331 28.58% Neither support nor oppose 261 24.42% 413 35.66% Oppose 382 35.74% 125 10.79% Strongly Oppose 143 13.37% 54 4.66% Would you support or oppose taking military action if Sudan continues to perpetrate human rights abuses within its borders? 35.7% 35.8% 3 28.6% 22.9% 24.4% 2 20.3% 13.4% 1 10.8% 3.6% 4.7% Strongly support Support Neither support nor oppose Source: Teaching, Research and Oppose Strongly Oppose WIPPO Snap Poll I 7

Question 5: Would you support or oppose taking military action to support the Iraqi government's effort to defeat ISIS forces? Response Option Count Percent Strongly support 371 32.04% Support 352 30. Neither support nor oppose 298 25.73% Oppose 98 8.46% Strongly Oppose 39 3.37% Would you support or oppose taking military action to support the Iraqi government's effort to defeat ISIS forces? 3 32. 30.4% 25.7% 2 1 8.5% 3.4% Strongly support Support Neither support nor oppose Source: Teaching, Research and Oppose Strongly Oppose WIPPO Snap Poll I 8

Question 6: Would you support or oppose taking military action to support the government of Taiwan in the event of a Chinese invasion of the island? Response Option Strongly support 59 6.77% 218 18.83% Support 253 29.01% 276 23.83% Neither support nor oppose 174 19.95% 461 39.81% Oppose 257 29.47% 130 11.23% Strongly Oppose 129 14.79% 73 6.3 45% Would you support or oppose taking military action to support the government of Taiwan in the event of a Chinese invasion of the island? 39.8% 35% 3 29. 29.5% 25% 23.8% 2 18.8% 20. 15% 1 5% 6.8% 11.2% 14.8% 6.3% Strongly support Support Neither support nor oppose Source: Teaching, Research and Oppose Strongly Oppose WIPPO Snap Poll I 9

Question 7: Would you support or oppose taking military action to support the government of Estonia in the event that Russia intervenes militarily in support of ethnic Russians living in Estonia? Response Option Strongly support 149 16.59% 202 17.44% Support 327 36.45% 291 25.13% Neither support nor oppose 130 14.48% 469 40.5 Oppose 190 21.13% 136 11.74% Strongly Oppose 102 11.35% 60 5.18% 5 Would you support or oppose taking military action to support the government of Estonia in the event that Russia intervenes militarily in support of ethnic Russians living in Estonia? 36.5% 40.5% 3 25.1% 21.1% 2 16.6% 17.4% 14.5% 11.7% 11.4% 1 5.2% Strongly support Support Neither support nor oppose Source: Teaching, Research and Oppose Strongly oppose WIPPO Snap Poll I 10

Question 8: Would you support or oppose taking military action to support the government of Ukraine in the event that Russia intervenes militarily in support of ethnic Russians living in Ukraine? Response Option Strongly support 29 3.29% 216 18.65% Support 197 22.45% 286 24.7 Neither support nor oppose 169 19.2 462 39.9 Oppose 328 37.22% 131 11.31% Strongly Oppose 157 17.84% 63 5.44% 5 Would you support or oppose taking military action to support the government of Ukraine in the event that Russia intervenes militarily in support of ethnic Russians living in Ukraine? 39.9% 37.2% 3 24.7% 22.5% 2 18.7% 19.2% 17.8% 11.3% 1 3.3% 5.4% Strongly support Support Neither support nor oppose Source: Teaching, Research and Oppose Strongly Oppose WIPPO Snap Poll I 11

Question 9: What impact will the nuclear agreement signed by Iran and the P5+1, formally known as the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), have on regional stability in the Middle East? Response Option Positive impact 641 69.83% 305 26.34% Negative impact 88 9.59% 193 16.67% No impact 103 11.22% 299 25.82% Don t know 86 9.37% 361 31.17% 8 What impact will the nuclear agreement signed by Iran and the P5+1, formally known as the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), have on regional stability in the Middle East? 69.8% 6 26.3% 25.8% 31.2% 2 9.6% 16.7% 11.2% 9.4% Positive impact Negative impact No impact Don t know Source: Teaching, Research and WIPPO Snap Poll I 12

Question 10 (if answered Positive impact to Question 9): Why do you believe the agreement will have a positive impact on regional stability in the Middle East? Please select all that apply. Response Option It decreases the likelihood that other states in the region will pursue nuclear weapons 402 62.81% 183 60.0 Other states in the region will become less assertive towards Iran 145 22.66% 31 10.16% Iran will become less involved in conflicts in the region 102 15.94% 120 39.34% Iran will be less able to support terrorist organizations 45 7.03% 94 30.82% Other (please explain) 203 31.72% 5 1.64% None of the above 24 3.75% 19 6.23% 8 Why do you believe the agreement will have a positive impact on regional stability in the Middle East? 6 62.8% 60. 39.3% 30.8% 31.7% 22.7% 2 15.9% It decreases the likelihood that other states in the region will pursue nuclear weapons 10.2% Other states in the region will become less assertive towards Iran Iran will become less involved in conflicts in the region 7. Iran will be less able to support terrorist organizations 1.6% Other (please explain) 6.2% 3.8% None of the above Source: Teaching,Research and WIPPO Snap Poll I 13

Question 11 (if answered Negative impact to Question 9): Why do you believe the agreement will have a negative impact on regional stability in the Middle East? Please select all that apply. Response Option It increases the likelihood that other states in the region will pursue nuclear weapons 69 78.41% 99 51.3 Other states in the region will become more assertive towards Iran 40 45.45% 29 15.03% Iran will become more involved in conflicts in the region 43 48.86% 101 52.33% Iran will be more able to support terrorist organizations 45 51.14% 79 40.93% Other (please explain) 17 19.32% 15 7.77% None of the above 2 2.27% 17 8.81% 10 Why do you believe the agreement will have a negative impact on regional stability in the Middle East? 8 78.4% 6 51.3% 45.5% 52.3% 48.9% 51.1% 40.9% 2 It increases the likelihood that other states in the region will pursue nuclear weapons Source: Teaching,Research and 15. Other states in the region will become more assertive towards Iran Iran will become Iran will be more more involved in able to support conflicts in the terrorist region organizations 19.3% 7.8% 8.8% 2.3% Other (please explain) None of the above WIPPO Snap Poll I 14

Question 12: With which of the following obligations specified in the agreement do you believe Iran will fully comply? Please select all that apply. Response Option Allowing IAEA inspections of nuclear facilities and uranium supply chains 591 64.31% 304 26.25% Limiting uranium enrichment 549 59.74% 237 20.47% Shipping spent nuclear fuel out of Iran 393 42.76% 208 17.96% None of the above 92 10.01% 124 13.49% Don t know 124 13.49% 282 24.35% 8 With which of the following obligations specified in the agreement do you believe Iran will fully comply? 6 64.3% 59.7% 42.8% 2 26.3% 20.5% 18. 13.5% 10. 13.5% 24.4% Allowing IAEA inspections of nuclear facilities and uranium supply chains Source: Teaching,Research and Limiting uranium enrichment Shipping spent nuclear fuel out of Iran None of the above Don t know WIPPO Snap Poll I 15

Question 13: Would Iran have accepted the agreement if the Obama administration had threatened to increase sanctions in the absence of an agreement? Response Option Yes 152 16.54% 331 28.58% No 449 48.86% 360 31.09% Don t know 318 34.6 467 40.33% 6 Would Iran have accepted the agreement if the Obama administration had threatened to increase sanctions in the absence of an agreement? 48.9% 28.6% 31.1% 34.6% 40.3% 2 16.5% Source: Teaching,Research and Yes No Don t know WIPPO Snap Poll I 16

Question 14 (if answered Yes to previous question): Would Iran have agreed to more concessions in the JCPOA if the Obama administration had threatened to increase sanctions in the absence of an agreement? Response Option Yes 42 27.63% 256 77.34% No 77 50.66% 35 10.57% Don t know 33 21.71% 40 12.08% 10 Would Iran have agreed to more concessions in the JCPOA if the Obama administration had threatened to increase sanctions in the absence of an agreement? 8 77.3% 6 50.7% 27.6% 2 10.6% 21.7% 12.1% Source: Teaching,Research and Yes No Don t know WIPPO Snap Poll I 17

Question 15: If a future U.S. president were to unilaterally withdraw from the agreement, would that increase, decrease, or have no effect on the likelihood of Iran renewing its nuclear weapons program? Response Option Increase 779 84.77% 495 42.75% Decrease 21 2.29% 110 9.5 Have no effect 79 8.6 284 24.53% Don t know 40 4.35% 269 23.23% 10 If a future U.S. president were to unilaterally withdraw from the agreement, would that increase, decrease, or have no effect on the likelihood of Iran renewing its nuclear weapons program? 8 84.8% 6 42.8% 2 Source: Teaching,Research and 2.3% 9.5% 8.6% 24.5% 23.2% 4.4% Increase Decrease Have no effect Don t know WIPPO Snap Poll I 18

Question 16: One year from now, will Greece still be using the Euro as its currency? Response Option Yes 428 65.44% 274 26.78% No 85 12.3 190 18.57% Don t know 141 21.56% 559 34.64% 8 One year from now, will Greece still be using the Euro as its currency? 65.4% 6 34.6% 26.8% 2 12.3% 18.6% 21.6% Yes No Don t know Source: Teaching,Research & WIPPO Snap Poll I 19

Question 17: Would Greece be better off if it stopped using the Euro as its currency? Response Option Yes 183 27.98% 185 18.08% No 357 54.59% 237 23.17% Don t know 114 17.43% 601 58.75% 8 Would Greece be better off if it stopped using the Euro as its currency? 6 54.6% 58.8% 2 28. 18.1% 23.2% 17.4% Source: Teaching,Research & Yes No Don t know WIPPO Snap Poll I 20

Question 18A: Does conducting search-and-rescue operations for migrants traveling in international waters increase, decrease, or have no effect on future migration flows? Response Option Increases future flows 63 29.44% 116 33.62% Decreases future flows 6 2.8 22 6.38% No effect on future flows 123 57.48% 105 30.43% Don t know 22 10.28% 102 29.57% 8 Does conducting search-and-rescue operations for migrants traveling in international waters increase, decrease, or have no effect on future migration flows? 6 57.5% 33.6% 29.4% 30.4% 29.6% 2 2.8% 6.4% 10.3% Increases future flows Decreases future flows No effect on future flows Don t know Source: Teaching,Research & WIPPO Snap Poll I 21

Question 18B: There has been a recent increase in African migrants attempting to cross the Mediterranean Sea. Does conducting search-and-rescue operations for migrants traveling in international waters increase, decrease, or have no effect on future migration flows? Response Option Increases future flows 64 28.19% 106 31.45% Decreases future flows 7 3.08% 26 7.72% No effect on future flows 133 58.59% 112 33.23% Don t know 23 10.13% 93 27.6 8 There has been a recent increase in African migrants attempting to cross the Mediterranean Sea. Does conducting search-and-rescue operations for migrants traveling in international waters increase, decrease, or have no effect on future migration flows? 6 58.6% 31.5% 28.2% 33.2% 27.6% 2 3.1% 7.7% 10.1% Increases future flows Decreases future flows No effect on future flows Don t know Source: Teaching,Research & WIPPO Snap Poll I 22

Question 18C: There has been a recent increase in Rohingya and Bangladeshi migrants attempting to cross the Andaman Sea. Does conducting search-andrescue operations for migrants traveling in international waters increase, decrease, or have no effect on future migration flows? Response Option Increases future flows 68 32.85% 127 37.24% Decreases future flows 1 0.48% 18 5.28% No effect on future flows 110 53.14% 86 25.22% Don t know 28 13.53% 110 32.26% There has been a recent increase in Rohingya and Bangladeshi migrants attempting to cross the Andaman Sea. Does conducting search-and-rescue operations for migrants traveling in international waters increase, decrease, or have no effect on future migratio 6 53.1% 32.9% 37.2% 32.3% 25.2% 2 13.5% 0.5% 5.3% Increases future flows Decreases future flows No effect on future flows Don t know Source: Teaching,Research & WIPPO Snap Poll I 23

Question 19A: The U.S. Justice Department has indicted officials from FIFA (the world governing body for soccer) for corruption. Do you support or oppose the indictment? Response Option Strongly support 94 53.11% 73 31.47% Support 53 29.94% 67 28.88% Neither support nor oppose 22 12.43% 60 25.86% Oppose 4 2.26% 3 1.29% Strongly Oppose 0 0.0 2 0.86% Don t know 4 2.26% 27 11.64% 6 The U.S. Justice Department has indicted officials from FIFA (the world governing body for soccer) for corruption. Do you support or oppose the indictment? 53.1% 31.5% 29.9% 28.9% 25.9% 2 12.4% 11.6% Strongly support Support Neither support nor oppose Source: Teaching,Research & 2.3% 1.3% 0. 0.9% Oppose Strongly Oppose 2.3% Don t know WIPPO Snap Poll I 24

Question 19B: The U.S. Justice Department has indicted officials from FIFA (the world governing body for soccer) for corruption, even though the FIFA officials are not U.S. citizens and the crimes were not committed in the United States. Do you support or oppose the indictment? Response Option Strongly support 52 33.99% 66 25.78% Support 44 28.76% 81 31.64% Neither support nor oppose 26 16.99% 74 28.91% Oppose 12 7.84% 5 1.95% Strongly Oppose 8 5.23% 1 0.39% Don t know 11 7.19% 29 11.33% The U.S. Justice Department has indicted officials from FIFA for corruption, even though the FIFA officials are not U.S. citizens and the crimes were not committed in the United States. Do you support or oppose the indictment? 34. 31.6% 3 28.8% 28.9% 25.8% 2 17. 11.3% 1 7.8% 5.2% 7.2% Strongly support Support Neither support nor oppose 2. Oppose 0.4% Strongly Oppose Don t know Source: Teaching,Research & WIPPO Snap Poll I 25

Question 19C: The U.S. Justice Department has indicted officials from FIFA (the world governing body for soccer) for corruption. Russian President Vladimir Putin has criticized this as a political attempt to extend U.S. jurisdiction to other states. Do you support or oppose the indictment? Response Option Strongly support 81 49.09% 53 19.7 Support 50 30.3 64 23.79% Neither support nor oppose 18 10.91% 89 33.09% Oppose 7 4.24% 14 5.2 Strongly Oppose 3 3.64% 13 4.83% Don t know 6 1.82% 36 13.38% 6 The U.S. Justice Department has indicted officials from FIFA for corruption. Russian President Vladimir Putin has criticized this as a political attempt to extend U.S. jurisdiction to other states. Do you support or oppose the indictment? 49.1% 30.3% 33.1% 23.8% 2 19.7% 10.9% 13.4% 4.2% 5.2% 3.6% 4.8% 1.8% Strongly support Source: Teaching,Research & Support Neither support nor oppose Oppose Strongly Oppose Don t know WIPPO Snap Poll I 26

Question 19D: The U.S. Justice Department has indicted officials from FIFA (the world governing body for soccer) for corruption. The day before the indictments, Senators John McCain (R) and Robert Menendez (D) criticized FIFA s plan to hold the 2018 World Cup in Russia because of that country s continued involvement in Ukraine. Do you support or oppose the indictment? Response Option Strongly support 75 47.47% 73 27.44% Support 57 36.08% 69 25.94% Neither support nor oppose 12 7.59% 79 29.7 Oppose 5 3.16% 11 4.14% Strongly Oppose 4 2.53% 3 1.13% Don t know 5 3.16% 31 11.65% 6 The U.S. Justice Department has indicted officials from FIFA for corruption. The day before the indictments, Senators John McCain (R) and Robert Menendez (D) criticized FIFA s plan to hold the 2018 World Cup in Russia because of that country's continued i 47.5% 36.1% 27.4% 25.9% 29.7% 2 7.6% Strongly support Support Neither support nor oppose Source: Teaching,Research & 3.2% 4.1% 2.5% 3.2% 1.1% Oppose Strongly Oppose 11.7% Don t know WIPPO Snap Poll I 27

Question 20A: Do you think the decision to award the 2018 World Cup to Russia made the U.S. decision to indict FIFA officials more or less likely? Response Option Significantly more likely 20 6.19% 35 6.68% Somewhat more likely 103 31.89% 18 3.44% Neither more nor less likely 173 53.56% 219 41.79% Somewhat less likely 1 0.31% 18 3.44% Significantly less likely 1 0.31% 35 6.68% Don t know 25 7.74% 130 24.81% 6 Do you think the decision to award the 2018 World Cup to Russia made the U.S. decision to indict FIFA officials more or less likely? 53.6% 41.8% 31.9% 24.8% 2 6.2% 6.7% Significantly more likely 3.4% Somewhat more likely Neither more nor less likely 6.7% 3.4% 0.3% 0.3% Somewhat less likely Significantly less likely 7.7% Don t know Source: Teaching,Research & WIPPO Snap Poll I 28

Question 20B: Do you think awarding the 2018 World Cup to the United Kingdom would have made the U.S. decision to indict FIFA officials more or less likely? Response Option Significantly more likely 2 0.61% 41 8.22% Somewhat more likely 5 1.52% 63 12.63% Neither more nor less likely 176 53.33% 227 45.49% Somewhat less likely 84 25.45% 27 5.41% Significantly less likely 32 9.7 15 3.01% Don t know 31 9.39% 126 25.25% 6 Do you think awarding the 2018 World Cup to the United Kingdom would have made the U.S. decision to indict FIFA officials more or less likely? 53.3% 45.5% 25.5% 25.3% 2 0.6% 8.2% Significantly more likely Source: Teaching,Research & 1.5% 12.6% Somewhat more likely Neither more nor less likely 5.4% Somewhat less likely 9.7% 9.4% 3. Significantly less likely Don t know WIPPO Snap Poll I 29

Question 21A: Do you think the decision to award the 2022 World Cup to Qatar made the U.S. decision to indict FIFA officials more or less likely? Response Option Significantly more likely 33 10.22% 50 9.54% Somewhat more likely 94 29.1 82 15.65% Neither more nor less likely 163 50.46% 217 41.41% Somewhat less likely 6 1.86% 17 3.24% Significantly less likely 3 0.09% 7 1.34% Don t know 24 7.43% 151 28.82% 6 Do you think the decision to award the 2022 World Cup to Qatar made the U.S. decision to indict FIFA officials more or less likely? 50.5% 41.4% 29.1% 28.8% 2 15.7% 10.2% 9.5% 7.4% Significantly more likely Somewhat more likely Neither more nor less likely 3.2% 1.9% Somewhat less likely 1.3% 0.1% Significantly less likely Don t know Source: Teaching,Research & WIPPO Snap Poll I 30

Question 21B: Do you think awarding the 2022 World Cup to the United States would have made the U.S. decision to indict FIFA officials more or less likely? Response Option Significantly more likely 1 0.03% 36 7.21% Somewhat more likely 6 1.83% 64 12.83% Neither more nor less likely 132 40.24% 225 45.09% Somewhat less likely 110 33.54% 28 5.61% Significantly less likely 53 16.16% 32 6.41% Don t know 26 7.94% 114 22.85% 6 Do you think awarding the 2022 World Cup to the United States would have made the U.S. decision to indict FIFA officials more or less likely? 40.2% 45.1% 33.5% 22.9% 2 12.8% 16.2% 7.2% 5.6% 6.4% 7.9% 0. Significantly more likely 1.8% Somewhat more likely Neither more nor less likely Somewhat less likely Significantly less likely Don t know Source: Teaching,Research & WIPPO Snap Poll I 31

Question 22: The United States is negotiating a free trade agreement with twelve Pacific nations called the Trans-Pacific Partnership (or TPP). Do you support or oppose this free trade agreement? Response Option I strongly support it 179 27.33% 82 8.02% I somewhat support it 234 35.73% 260 25.42% I neither support nor oppose it 68 10.38% 284 27.76% I somewhat oppose it 76 11.6 68 6.65% I strongly oppose it 74 11.3 82 8.02% Don t know 24 3.66% 212 20.72% The United States is negotiating a free trade agreement with twelve Pacific nations called the Trans-Pacific Partnership (or TPP). Do you support or oppose this free trade agreement? 35.7% 27.3% 25.4% 27.8% 2 20.7% 8. 10.4% 11.6% 11.3% 6.7% 8. 3.7% I strongly support it I somewhat support it I neither support nor oppose it I somewhat oppose it I strongly oppose it Don t know Source: Teaching,Research & WIPPO Snap Poll I 32

Question 23: The Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) is a proposed free trade and investment agreement between the United States and twelve other countries in the Asia Pacific region. If the TPP were approved today, would it have a positive, negative, or have no effect on your financial situation? Response Option Positive effect 180 27.48% 208 20.33% Negative effect 34 5.19% 126 12.32% No effect 334 50.99% 264 35.58% Don t know 107 16.34% 325 31.77% 6 The Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) is a proposed free trade and investment agreement between the United States and twelve other countries in the Asia Pacific region. If the TPP were approved today, would it have a positive, negative, or have no effect on 51. 27.5% 35.6% 31.8% 2 20.3% 12.3% 16.3% 5.2% Positive effect Negative effect No effect Don t know Source: Teaching,Research & WIPPO Snap Poll I 33

Question 24: The Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) is a proposed free trade and investment agreement between the United States and the European Union. If the TTIP were approved today, would it have a positive, negative, or have no effect on your financial situation? Response Option Positive effect 199 30.57% 187 18.33% Negative effect 28 4.3 119 11.67% No effect 312 47.93% 392 38.43% Don t know 112 17.2 322 31.57% 6 The Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) is a proposed free trade and investment agreement between the United States and the European Union. If the TTIP were approved today, would it have a positive, negative, or have no effect on your fi 47.9% 38.4% 30.6% 31.6% 2 18.3% 17.2% 11.7% 4.3% Source: Teaching,Research & Positive effect Negative effect No effect Don t know WIPPO Snap Poll I 34

Table 1: Public Sample vs. Population Comparison Respondents Population Male 586 50.60 117977584 48.64 Female 572 49.40 124564643 51.36 Total 1158 242542227 Fisher s exact test p = 0.1859 Respondents Population Less than $15,000 208 15.31% 15633 12.71% $15,000 - $24,999 143 10.52% 13898 11.3 $25,000 - $34,999 163 11.99% 12756 10.37% $35,000 - $49,999 196 14.42% 16678 13.56% $50,000 - $74,999 270 19.87% 21659 17.62% $75,000 - $99,999 189 13.91% 14687 11.95% $100,000 or more 190 13.98% 27642 22.48% Total 1359 122953 Pearson s Chi-squared test p = 0.227 Respondents Population 15 to 19 years 43 3.83% 8911704 3.67% 20 to 24 years 94 8.37% 22719908 9.37% 25 to 34 years 230 20.48% 42626555 17.57% 35 to 44 years 195 17.36% 40608235 16.74% 45 to 54 years 208 18.52% 43674983 18.01% 55 to 59 years 112 9.97% 21108252 8.7 60 to 64 years 104 9.26% 18228600 7.52% 65 to 74 years 137 12.2 44663990 18.41% Total 1123 242542227 Pearson s Chi-squared test p=0.229 WIPPO Snap Poll I 35