B51751 ^ENCYCLOPEDIA OF GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS l n Volume 2 Second Edition Edited by Mary Hawkesworth and Maurice Kogan R Routledge Taylor &. Francis Croup LONDON AND NEW YORK
Notes on contributors Preface xiii xxxiv VOLUME 1 Part I Introduction 1 Political science in a new millennium: issues of knowledge and power 3 MARY HAWKESWORTH Part II Political theory: central concepts 2 Conceptions of the state 39 ANDREW VINCENT 3 Conceptions of power 54 JEFFREY ISAAC 4 Conceptions of law 67 GEOFFREY MARSHALL 5 Conceptions of justice 76 KAI NIELSEN 6 Conceptions of human nature 97 LESLIE STEVENSON 7 Conceptions of legitimacy 110 MATTEI DOGAN
8 Postmodernism and the repudiation of grand theory 120 RENEE HEBERLE Part HI Contemporary ideologies 9 Liberalism 139 R. BRUCE DOUGLASS 10 Conservatism and neo-liberalism 149 KENNETH R. HOOVER 11 Marxism and socialism 163 MARK NEOCLEOUS 12 Fascism 174 STANLEY PAYNE 13 Fundamentalism 184 BASSAM TIBI Part IV Contemporary political systems 14 Liberal democracies 205 G. BINGHAM POWELL 15 Communist and post-communist systems 223 LESLIE HOLMES 16 Authoritarian regimes 239 CATHARIN E. DALPINO 17 Military rule 249 TALUKDER MANIRUZZAMAN 18 The Islamic state 265 M. A. MUQTEDAR KHAN VI
Part V Political institutions 19 Executives 283 JEAN BLONDEL 20 Legislatures 294 G. R. BOYNTON 21 Courts 307 KAN1SHKA JAYASURIYA 22 Bureaucracies 321 FERREL HEADY 23 Federalism and intergovernmental relations 332 GRANT HARMAN Part VI Political forces and political processes 24 Personality and politics 351 FRED I. GREENSTEIN 25 Interest groups 370 IVAR BLEIKLIE 26 Political parties 381 JOSEPH LAPALOMBARA AND JEFFREY ANDERSON 27 Campaigns, elections and electoral systems 399 PAUL WEBB 28 Political participation and voting behaviour 413 W. L. MILLER 29 Political socialization in a divided society and dangerous age 427 STANLEY RENSHON 30 Political communication 457 DENIS MCQUAIL 31 Elite recruitment 474 GWEN MOORE Vll
Part VII Centripetal and centrifugal forces in the nation-state 32 Political cultures 491 SHIPING HUA 33 Religion and politics 502 ROBIN LOVIN 34 The politics of race and racism 513 SHAMIT SAGGAR 35 Class and politics 530 BARRY HINDESS 36 Ethnicity and politics 542 T. DAVID MASON AND DAVID GALBREATH 37 Identity politics 576 GARY LEHRING 38 Language and politics 587 J. A. LAPONCE 39 Gender and politics 603 KATE BEDFORD 40 Social movements 616 JOHN A. GUIDRY 41 Development 628 RONALD H. CHILCOTE VOLUME 2 Part Vin Policy-making and policies 42 Theories of policy-making 651 DENNIS PALUMBO, ANNE LARASON SCHNEIDER AND HELEN INGRAM Vlll
43 Economic policy 668 JIM TOMLINSON 44 Education policy 682 MAURICE KOGAN 45 Environmental policy 698 PETER KNOEPFEL 46 Equality and equity policy 711 EITHNE MCLAUGHLIN 47 Health policy 724 STEPHEN HARRISON 48 Immigration policy 738 GUY S. GOODWIN-GILL 49 The concept of security 752 LAWRENCE FREEDMAN 50 Ethnic policy 762 MARTIN MARGER 51 Science policy 779 MARY HENKEL 52 Urban policy 795 MICHAEL PACIONE 53 Social welfare policy 809 ROBERT HARRIS 54 Budgetary processes 827 NAOMI CA1DEN 55 Privatization 842 LUIGI MANZETTI IX
Part IX International relations 56 International relations theory 857 JOHN VASQUEZ AND MARIE T. HENEHAN 57 Feminist approaches to international relations 879 DENISE M. HORN 58 International law 897 ANTHONY CLARK AREND 59 International institutions 913 ROBERT O. KEOHANE AND CRAIG N. MURPHY 60 The United Nations 927 PETER R. BAEHR 61 The International Court of Justice and ther international tribunals 939 LORI FISLER DAMROSCH 62 The International Monetary Fund and World Bank 953 NGAIRE WOODS 63 Transnational organizations and global civil society 969 DAVID KOWALEWSKI 64 Conflict management 980 SAMUEL S. KIM AND ABRAHAM KIM 65 Diplomacy 994 WILLIAM ZARTMAN 66 Military alliances 1007 OLE R. HOLSTI 67 War 1028 0YVIND OSTERUD 68 Revolution 1039 JACK A. GOLDSTONE
69 Terrorism 1049 DAVID C. RAPOPORT Part X Major issues in contemporary world politics 70 Global politics after the Cold War 1081 MARTIN SHAW 71 The state and globalization 1089 SASKIA SASSEN 72 Democratization 1115 JEAN GRUGEL 73 Nationalism 1132 ANTHONY D. SMITH 74 European integration 1150 J. MAGNUS RYNER 75 The Middle East 1164 BERNARD REICH 76 Africa 1184 TIMOTHY M. SHAW 77 Asia 1198 LEELA FERNANDES 78 Latin America: democratization and its consequences 1209 GEORGE PHILIP 79 Eastern Europe 1222 ALEKS SZCZERBIAK 80 Russia and the Commonwealth of Independent States 1244 JEFFREY W. HAHN 81 Arms control and disarmament 1259 MICHAEL SHEEHAN XI
82 Two centuries of politics of limited resources: Malthus to Kyoto 1278 TOIVO MILJAN 83 International trade and the world trading system 1314 HELEN V. MILNER 84 The politics of cyberspace 1327 TIMOTHY W. LUKE 85 The AIDS crisis 1342 DAGMAR VON WALDEN LAING 86 Refugees 1360 ELIZABETH G. FERRIS 87 Genocide 1374 KENNETH J. CAMPBELL 88 Human rights 1385 ADAMANTIA POLLIS Index 1404 Xll