Thesis: 1. Chinese philosophers differ in their ideal qualities of a ruler based on the beliefs of Confucianism, Daoism and Legalism. 2. Chinese philosophies concerning the qualities of an ideal ruler vary based on their view. Some believe in a more strict leadership, while others believe (rulers should) be passive. 3.. Some rulers are strict, some are moderate, and some passive moderate. 4. Daoism and Legalism were extreme philosophies while Confucianism was a moderate philosophy between the two.
Thesis: 5. The qualities of an ideal ruler include moral values, un materialistic views, and characteristics of an educated person to be an official. The ideas for these qualities stem from the different philosophies that include Confucianism, Legalism and Daoism. 6. The effectiveness of the imperial rule is defined by the assumption the ruler makes on the intelligence of the people. 7. Following the period of the Warring States, people were subject to misunderstanding about their place in the world. Many scholars believed that man acted as they would regardless of governmental action as others believed government was crucial in the maintaining of order while still other scholars promoted the breaking off of government entirely because man is corrupt.
4. Chinese philosophies including Confucianism, Legalism and Daoism and a lack of selfishness and greed demonstrate the different qualities of an Ideal Ruler through their personal belief systems. Thesis: 1. Conflicting opinions regarding the traits of an Ideal Ruler emerged in China during the Period of the Warring States. Groups: Respect and trust the people: 1,7 Set and active example: 2,3,4,5 Leave things be: 6,8 2. According to Chinese philosophies, an Ideal Ruler must portray certain thoughts about life, believe in simplicity, and regulate society with a distinguished law system. 3. In the first century BCE China, there were a variety of Chinese philosophers who defined the qualities of Ideal Rulers. These Chinese philosophers include Confucius, Legalist scholars and Laozi.
Thesis: 5. Different Chinese philosophies have different opinions on how to rule. This created conflicts and multiple viewpoints on what is considered ideal. 6. An ideal ruler must acquire certain traits which allow him to think with complexity, impelling him to lead with great philosophy. 7. Body Paragraphs: respect (1,7), beliefs (8,6,3), government control (5,2,4) Body Paragraphs: order (2,3,4,8) morals (1,2,8,4) harmony (6, 7)
Thesis: 4/5 5. The morals and beliefs of the rulers reflect the actions and behaviors of the people in the dynasties 6.Body Paragraphs: : morality (1,2,7), legislation (3,5,4), balance (6,8) Body Paragraphs: : how to govern (2,3,4,5) aspects (1,3,7,8) philosophical (6, 7) for people (1,6,7)
Body Paragraphs for Chinese philosophy DBQ: Confucianism: 1,2,3 Legalism: 4,5 Daoism: 6,7,8 Emphasis on law: 2,5 Emphasis on ethics: 1, 2, Active leadership: 1,2,3,5 Passive leadership: 6,7,8 Success of society in hands of the leader: 2,3,4,5,8 Success of society in hands of the people: 1,6,7
Contextualization? Synthesis? Sourcing? Doc 4 (POV) Legalism believes in harsh laws and punishment to control the incompetent public. As a Legalist scholar, Han Fe would naturally have negative views of the people s ability to govern. Doc 4 (Audience) Since this document is an excerpt in a published book, the audience would have been the educated literate public of China. This may explain why Han Fei s argument is detailed, specific and attacking competing models that would be difficult for the average Chinese person to understand.
Doc 4 (Purpose) As a Legalist, the author s purpose is to argue for an aggressive, strict ruler who creates laws and policies to control the people. He demonstrates this by discrediting ideas and historical examples where governments led by the people rather than by a strict ruler, ultimately failed. Doc 4 (Historical Context) One way that historical context may be relevant in understanding this document is to consider that several different philosophies of government were competing in order to establish the best system of government during the Period of the Warring States.
Thesis: 8. Following the period of the Warring States, people were subject to misunderstanding about their place in the world. Many scholars believed that man acted as they would regardless of governmental action as others believed government was crucial in the maintaining of order while still other scholars promoted the breaking off of government entirely because man is corrupt. 9. The characteristics of an ideal ruler were set by the ideals of maintaining order, totalitarianism, and simplicity in life. 10. A passive approach, a lawful approach, or a harmonious approach were all different approaches the philosophies used to create the picture of an Ideal Ruler.
Thesis: 03 8. During the Period of the Warring States, the Chinese philosophers conjured three different groups of ideas to sort out the chaos, including an emphasis of power on either the people, the ruler, or internal morality. 9. Chinese philosophies vary from respecting leaders to disobeying laws for its own success, and the most prominent idea is that the nation must promote unity., In terms of Chinese philosophies, the most crucial qualities of an ideal ruler are a selfless nature, spiritual connection and strict rule. 10. The ideal philosophies of rulers include the political rule, social order, and religious beliefs of the society. 11. After the Zhou Dynasty collapsed in the first century BCE in China, various Chinese philosophers approached the idea of restoring social and political order.
Thesis: 4/5 1. During the period in which.. were seven warring states of China three types of rule became prominent: democracy, representative and dictatorship. 2. Although Chinese philosophers idea of an ideal ruler varied, the characteristics that the people preferred were strict, passive (cautious) and lenient. 3. Through the period of the Seven Warring States, China developed three primary philosophies- Confucianism, Legalism, Daoism- of which addressed the morality, governing and ideas of efficiency possessed by each style of ruler. 4. The qualities of Confucianism, Legalism and Daoism all provide different ideals for a leader to follow.
During the period of the Warring States, Chinese philosophies suggested qualities of an Ideal Ruler that focused on leadership, concern for ethics and law, and attention to the needs of the people. There was some disagreement among philosophers about the source of inspiration for ideal leaders, whether a leader should rule actively or passively, whether a leader should focus on the people or himself.