CARLETON UNIVERSITY FALL 2007 DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCE PSCI 4505A TRANSITIONS TO DEMOCRACY Seminars, Tuesdays 6:05-8:55 p.m. 378 University Centre Course Instructor: L. Dare Office: B645 Loeb Phone: (613) 520-2600 ext 1657 (no voicemail) Office Hours: Tuesdays, 4-6pm. Other times by appointment E-Mail: dare@connect.carleton.ca COURSE DESCRIPTION: The course is a comparative study of the patterns of transformation and transition from feudal, authoritarian, military and paternalistic political systems toward political pluralism and competitive democratic systems. Emphasis will be on the wave of democratization after 1979.It will be noted that despite the appeal of democratization, many new democratic regimes are unable to consolidate democracy, and consequently, revert to authoritarianism and political instability. Selected regimes will be drawn to reflect both a global spread of democratization efforts, and the interests of students. The instructor will lead the first three lectures in order to set the theoretical grounds for the later part of the seminar discussions. Weeks 4-11 will be taken up by student presentations on specific attempts at democratization. Two weeks before presentation, each student must submit a summary and a brief bibliography to the instructor, and identify two important items for all other students to read. General Requirements: Each student will be required to select THREE countries, one each from Asia, Africa, Europe or Latin America for in-depth study. The seminar presentation will be based on one of the three countries. The instructor must approve the three selections. Course Evaluation Requirements: Component Weight Date Due 1. Seminar Participation 15% 2. Seminar Presentation 15% As assigned 3. Research Proposal 10% Tuesday, Oct. 2 4. Major Research Paper 30% Tuesday, Nov. 20 5. Final Take Home Examination 30% Tuesday, Dec. 4 or as agreed.
Assignments: Electronic submission of assignments will not be accepted. Late assignments lose a grade point for each day after the deadline. A- will be lowered to B+ ; The weekend will count as one day. An F grade will be assigned where the term work is incomplete. Text Books: The two textbooks cover only the theoretical aspects of the course. Each student will need to assemble relevant readings for the empirical section, to cover the three countries. Robert Pinkney, Democracy in the Third World, Lynne Rienner, 2003 Bruce Cain, Russell J. Dalton & Susan Scarrow, (eds). Democracy Transformed: Expanding Opportunities in Advanced Industrial Democracies, Oxford U. P. 2006 Recommended Readings Following Books are on Reserve in the Library: Howard J. Wiarda, (2002) Comparative Democracy & Democratization, Harcourt College,, Chapter 1, pp 1-17 Samuel Huntington, The Third Wave, Democratization in the Late Twentieth Century, University of Oklahoma Press, 1991 Ake, Claude, The Feasibility of Democracy in Africa, CODESRIA, Dakar, 2000. Diamond, L. J. Linz & S. M. Lipset (editors) (1995) Politics in Developing Countries: Comparing Experiences with Democracy, Rienner, pp. 1-66 Relevant Readings on Latin America: Malloy J.M & Seligson M.A (eds), Authoritarians & Democrats, U. of Pittsburg, 1987 Gerg Sorensen, Democracy & Democratization, Westview, 1998 Margaret Macleish Mott, Democracy in the Catholic South: Iberia & Latin America, in Wiarda,(2002) Comparative Democracy & Democratization, pp.37-58 Robert Pinkney(2005) Frontiers of Democracy, Ashgate. Felipe Aguero & J. Stark (eds), Fault lines of Democracy in Post-Transition Latin America, North South Centre Press, Miami U. 1998 Wendy Hunter, Civil Military Relations in Argentina, Brazil and Chile: Present Trends & Future Prospects, in Aguero & Stark (eds), Fault lines of Democracy, pp.299-322 2
COURSE SCHEDULE Week 1: September 11th General Introduction and Administrative matters: Selection of presentation dates Democracy, Origin, & Meaning, Democracy in the real world. Features of Liberal Democracy. Cain, Dalton & Scarrow, Chap. 1 on New Forms of Democracy; Reform & Transformation of Democratic Institutions, pp,1-20 Cain, Dalton & Scarrow; Elections & Access: pp. 23-81 Cain, Dalton & Scarrow, Party Democracy, pp.81-111 Cain, Dalton & Scarrow, Freedoms pp.115-163 Cain, Dalton & Scarrow, Democracy & the Courts; pp.192-220 Jean Grugel,(2002) Democratization: A Critical Introduction, New York, Palgrave, Chapter1, pp.1-31 Jeff Haynes (ed), Democracy and Political Change in the Third World, Chapter 1 is particularly good on categorizing democracy & aspects of the electoral process. Chapter 3, Illiberal Democracy is focussed on empirical issues of democracy. Pp.1-20, 35-54 Georg Sorensen, Democracy & Democratization: Processes & Prospects in a Changing World, Westview Press, 1993. Chapter 1, pp.3-23, Chapter 2, pp 24-63 Amartya Sen (1999) Democracy as a Universal Value Journal of Democracy 10:3, pp.3-17. Week 2: September 18 Regional Variations, Political Culture and Nature of Authoritarianism in Africa, Latin America & Asia. Jeff Haynes, Democracy in the Developing World, Asia, Latin America & Middle East, Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2001, Chapters 1-3, pp.1-50. Pinkney, R. Democracy in the Third World, pp.205-221 Jeff Haynes, Democracy in the Developing World, Chapters 4-8, pp 51-192 Huntington, S.P. The Third Wave, Chapter 1, pp.1-30, Chapter 2, pp31-108 Yohannes Woldemariam (Democracy in Africa: Does it have a Chance? In Howard Wiarda, Comparative Democracy & Democratization, pp.144-161 Anwar H. Syed, Democracy & Islam: Are they Compatible? In Howard Wiarda, Comparative Democracy & Democratization, pp. 127-143 Week 3: September 25 Pendulum of Transitions: The Third Wave Adam Prezworski, Some Problems in the Study of the Transition to Democracy in O Donnel, Schmitter & Whitehead (Editors) Transition From Authoritarian Rule: Comparative Perspectives, Johns Hopkins U. Press, pp. 47-63, esp. pp. 56-61 S.P. Huntington, The Third Wave, Chapter 3, pp.164-207 3
J. Mbaku & J. Ihonvbere, (eds) Political Liberalization & Democratization in Africa; Lessons from country experiences, Praeger, 2003. Introduction : Establishing Generalities & Specificities in Africa s Struggle for Democracy & Development., pp.1-15 Week 4-8: October 2, 9, 16, 23 and 30 Empirical Cases These will depend on the countries selected by students Selections should however be made from the following list of countries: Nigeria, South Africa. Countries in the Middle East Mexico, Argentina, Brazil or Chile Pakistan, South Korea, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand. Poland, East Germany Week 4: October 2 Transition without end in Nigeria Readings Dare, L. Military Withdrawal From Politics in Nigeria, International Political Science Review, Vol.2,no 3,1981,pp. 351-362 Nzongola Ntalaja & M. Lee, Democracy & the Democratic Transition in Africa, pp.1-24 in The State & Democracy in Africa. J. Mbaku. Transition to Democratic Governance in Africa, Learning from past failures. pp.17-49 Victor Adefemi Isumonah, Planned & Unplanned Outcomes: Uneven and Unsteady Pathways to Democratization in Nigeria, Chapter 5 in Mbaku & Ihonvbere, pp.113-139 Mbaku J. & Ihonvbere J (eds), The Transition to Democratic Governance in Africa: The Continuing Struggle, Praeger, 2003 The following selections: Ihonvbere, A Balance Sheet of Africa s Transition to Democratic Governance, pp.33-57 Pita Agbese, Keeping the Military at Bay: Current Trends in Civil-Military Relations, pp. 153-178 ; Larry Diamond, A. Kirk-Greene & O.Oyediran, Transition Without End. Lynne Rienner, Boulder Colorado, 1997 Week 5: October 9 Transition to and the Consolidation of Democracy in South Africa Aran S. M. Mackinnon, The Making of South Africa; Culture & Politics, Prentice Hall, 2003, pp.210-302. Steven Friedman, South Africa, Divided in a Special Way, in L Diamond, J. Linz & S.M. Lipset,(eds), Politics in Developing Countries, 531-581 Roger Southall, The Contested State of Democracy in South Africa, in Mbaku & Ihonvbere, Transition to Democratic Governance in Africa, pp.277-307 4
Week 6: October 16 Week 7: October 23 Week 8: October 30 Week 9: November 6 Week 10: November 13 Transition and Consolidation: The Civil Society Peter Gibbon, Some Reflections on Civil Society & Political Change, pp.23-56 in Lars Rudebeck & Olle Tornquist (eds) Democratization in the Third World, Macmillan,1998. Robert Futton Jr. (1995) Africa in the Age of Democratization; the Civic Limitations of the Civil Society, African Studies Review, Vol.38, no 2, Sept, 1995, pp 67-99 Week 11: November 20 Gender & Democratization in the Third World Dalton, Cain & Scarrow, Democratic Publics & Democratic Institutions, pp.256-275 Sirin Rai, Gender and democratization: ambiguity and opportunity in Luckham & White, Democratization in the South, pp 220-242. Felix Ekechi, Women & the Democratization Process in Africa, in Mbaku & Ihonvbere, The Transition to Democratic Governance, pp.203-220. Jane Jaquette (2001), Women and Democracy: Regional Differences and Contrasting Views, Journal of Democracy, 12 (3), 111-125 Georgina Waylen, (1994), Women and Democratization: Conceptualizing Gender Relations in Transition Politics, World Politics, Vol. 46, April 1994, pp 327-354. Week 12: November 27 Sustainability of Democracy after Transition Issues of Constitution without Constitutionalism Globalization of Democracy: External support and/ or Democracy from Abroad? Huntington, The Third Wave, Chapter 6, pp. 280-316. Juan Linz & Alfred Stepan, (1996) Problems of Democratic Transition & Consolidation, Baltimore, Johns Hopkins Press, Chap.1,2,3 5
ies Review, Robert Pinkney, (2004) Selling Democracy Abroad or Rescuing it at Home?; The Hazards of Democratic Promotion, The Round Table, Vol. 93, July 2004, pp.437-455. S. Bastian & R. Luckham (eds), Can Democracy be Designed? Zed Books, 2003, pp.14-59 Adam Prezworski What Makes Democracy Sustainable? in George Sorenson, (ed), Democracy & Democratization, pp.107-12 Adam Prezworski (1995) Sustainable Democracy, Cambridge U.P. Chapter 4 on the Civil Society, pp.53-64. See Geoffrey Hawthorn, Constitutional Democracy in the South in Robin Luckham & Gordon White, Democratization in the South; the jagged Wave, Manchester, U.P, 1996,pp.1-36, and, Robin Luckham, Faustan bargains: democratic control over military & security establishments, in Luckham & White, pp,119-177 Academic Accommodations For Students with Disabilities: Students with disabilities requiring academic accommodations in this course are encouraged to contact the Paul Menton Centre (PMC) for Students with Disabilities (500 University Centre) to complete the necessary forms. After registering with the PMC, make an appointment to meet with the instructor in order to discuss your needs at least two weeks before the first in-class test or CUTV midterm exam. This will allow for sufficient time to process your request. Please note the following deadlines for submitting completed forms to the PMC for formally scheduled exam accommodations: November 9 th, 2007 for December examinations, and March 14 th, 2008 for April examinations. For Religious Observance: Students requesting accommodation for religious observances should apply in writing to their instructor for alternate dates and/or means of satisfying academic requirements. Such requests should be made during the first two weeks of class, or as soon as possible after the need for accommodation is known to exist, but no later than two weeks before the compulsory academic event. Accommodation is to be worked out directly and on an individual basis between the student and the instructor(s) involved. Instructors will make accommodations in a way that avoids academic disadvantage to the student. Instructors and students may contact an Equity Services Advisor for assistance (www.carleton.ca/equity). For Pregnancy: Pregnant students requiring academic accommodations are encouraged to contact an Equity Advisor in Equity Services to complete a letter of accommodation. Then, make an appointment to discuss your needs with the instructor at least two weeks prior to the first academic event in which it is anticipated the accommodation will be required. Plagiarism: The Undergraduate Calendar defines plagiarism as: "to use and pass off as one's own idea or product, work of another without expressly giving credit to another." The Graduate Calendar states that plagiarism has occurred when a student either: (a) directly copies another's work without acknowledgment; or (b) closely paraphrases the equivalent of a short paragraph or more without acknowledgment; or (c) borrows, without acknowledgment, any ideas in a clear and recognizable form in such a way as to present them as the student's own thought, where such ideas, if they were the student's own would contribute to the merit of his or her own work. Instructors who suspect plagiarism are required to submit the paper and supporting documentation to the Departmental Chair who will refer the case to the Dean. It is not permitted to hand in the same assignment to two or more courses. The Department's Style Guide is available at: http://www.carleton.ca/polisci/undergrad/essay%20style%20guide.html 6
Oral Examination: At the discretion of the instructor, students may be required to pass a brief oral examination on research papers and essays. Submission and Return of Term Work: Papers must be handed directly to the instructor and will not be date-stamped in the departmental office. Late assignments may be submitted to the drop box in the corridor outside B640 Loeb. Assignments will be retrieved every business day at 4 p.m., stamped with that day's date, and then distributed to the instructor. For essays not returned in class please attach a stamped, self-addressed envelope if you wish to have your assignment returned by mail. Please note that assignments sent via fax or email will not be accepted. Final exams are intended solely for the purpose of evaluation and will not be returned. Approval of final grades: Standing in a course is determined by the course instructor subject to the approval of the Faculty Dean. This means that grades submitted by an instructor may be subject to revision. No grades are final until they have been approved by the Dean. Course Requirements: Students must fulfill all course requirements in order to achieve a passing grade. Failure to hand in any assignment will result in a grade of F. Failure to write the final exam will result in a grade of ABS. FND (Failure No Deferred) is assigned when a student's performance is so poor during the term that they cannot pass the course even with 100% on the final examination. In such cases, instructors may use this notation on the Final Grade Report to indicate that a student has already failed the course due to inadequate term work and should not be permitted access to a deferral of the examination. Deferred final exams are available ONLY if the student is in good standing in the course. Connect Email Accounts: The Department of Political Science strongly encourages students to sign up for a campus email account. Important course and University information will be distributed via the Connect email system. See http://connect.carleton.ca for instructions on how to set up your account. 7