POST-DISTRIBUTION MONITORING REPORT:

POST-DISTRIBUTION MONITORING REPORT: Reporting Period: 01 August - 30 November 2015 Targeted Areas: Matoon, Tani, Gurbaz, Nadir Shah Kot & Mandozai of Khost Province The Post-Distribution Monitoring (PDM) consisted of conducting household surveys with beneficiaries who received Non-Food Items (NFIs) in the form of: a) family module kitchen sets & blanket modules; and b) winter clothing modules & blanket modules, as well as recipients and Emergency Shelters (family tents) to the most vulnerable undocumented Afghan returnees from North Waziristan Agency of Pakistan. These Afghans returned as a result of the military operations of Pakistani military to clear the area from anti-government elements. In total, 300 heads of the households (representing 1,372 family members) were interviewed. The sample was 25% of the total number of undocumented Afghans who received humanitarian assistance in the form of relief items as per the distribution lists for the months of August November 2015. A random sample was chosen in each area of operation (Matoon, Tani, Gurbaz, Nadir Shah Kot & Mandozai). The sample was selected from IOM s list of assessed and assisted undocumented Afghan families in Khost. Three monitoring teams collected the data through household surveys. It is important to note that, all the interviews for the PDM took place house-to-house, in order to verify what was being reported. Demographics, household information Households Head of Households 100% 300 Gender of Head of Household Male 84% 251 Female 16% 49 Family Members Age-distribution Age Group Male Female 0-4 Yrs 13.8% 231 10.3% 173 5-17 Yrs 21.5% 360 18.4% 307 18-59 Yrs 16.7% 279 18.7% 313 60+ Yrs 0.6% 10 0.4% 6

What were/are your main income sources? Before the military operation in North Waziristan Agency: After moving to Khost Province: Full time Job 1.3% Full time Job 0.3% Part time Job 1.3% Part time Job 1.0% Daily Labour 33.7% Daily Labour 26.3% Charity 0.3% Charity 0.0% No Income 3.7% No Income 4.0% Remittances (or support from families/relatives) 1.7% Remittances (or support from families/relatives) 32.7% Others 23.7% Others 10.3% N/A 34.3% N/A 25.3% A high percentage (32.7%) of returnees sampled in Khost Province reported reliance on the support of families/relatives or communities as their main source of income, whereas 26.3% found work within the communities and districts of Khost Province. However, the range of income is still a variable. It is very important to note that 10.3% of the respondents are involved in private sector, using skills that help them to generate income for their families. Among others, the survey found people were employed in the following occupations: shopkeeper, carpenter, mobile selling, livestock selling, teaching, and vegetable selling in the market. What are your main skills? Teacher 10 3.3% Trader 13 4.3% Doctor/Nurse 5 1.7% Mechanic 7 2.3% Artisan 1 0.3% 3% 5% 2% 2% 0% 11% Teacher Trader Doctor/Nurse Mechanic Artisan Tailor 34 11.3% 52% 3% Tailor Farmer 9 3.0% Driver 59 19.7% Carpenter 7 2.3% Construction 0 0.0% 2% 0% 20% Farmer Driver Capenter Construction Other Other 155 51.7% It is important to note that the majority of the undocumented Afghans displaced in Khost have physical skills, such as driving 19.7%, tailoring 11.3% and Other 51.7%. 1 Whereas mental skills, such as teaching 3.3% Mechanic 2.3% Artisan 0.3% and others, are less prevalent. This is mainly because of respondents legal status in the host country and poor living conditions. Assistance Provided Out of the total 300 heads of the families the following numbers have received the humanitarian relief item assistance during the distributions conducted from August November 2015: Items/Assistance Provided Number of Families WFP One-time Food Food Package 0 Family Module 299 IOM Non-Food Kitchen Items Blanket Module 299 IOM Emergency Shelter Family Tent 37 Winter Clothing Module 167 IOM Winterization Kits Blanket Module 167 Cash Payments Cash Vouchers 0 Hygiene Kits 31 Other PSN In-Kind Assistance 26 1 Daily Labor, Shop keeping, and doing other physical trades

The table above shows the distribution per relief item packages. It is worth mentioning that some of the families received a combination of the above assistance types. 99.7% of the families received NFIs, 12.3% received family tents and 55.3% received the IOM winterization kits. Moreover, under Other 10.3% of families were provided with UNICEF s Hygiene Kits and 8.7% were provided with IOM s Person with Specific Needs (PSN) In-Kind Assistance, which mainly includes health and food related assistance. The table below provides a summary of the satisfaction of beneficiaries from the distributed items in Matoon, Tani, Gurbaz, Nadir Shah Kot & Mandozai districts of Khost Province. Level of Satisfaction Items/Assistance Provided No Answer/did High Medium Low not receive Food Package 0% 0% 0% 100% Family Module 95.0% 4.7% 0% 0.3% Blanket Module 78.7% 21.0% 0% 0.3% Family Tent 6.7% 4.7% 0.7% 88.0% Winter Kit 23.0% 28.7% 4.0% 44.3% Cash Payments 0% 0% 0% 100% Other Hygiene Kits & PSN In-Kind Assistance 11.3% 6.7% 0% 82.0% Summary: IOM Non-Food Kitchen Items majority rated the level of satisfaction as high IOM Emergency Shelter although only 12.3% received, almost 90% rated the satisfaction level as high and medium IOM Winterization Kits with 23% as high and 28.7% as medium gives us the chance to look this particular package, however 44.3% have not responded to the questions, which is still a majority and remains a variable. Other Hygiene Kits & PSN In-Kind Assistance - considering the small percentage under this category, it is positive that respondents have rated their satisfaction 11.3% as high and 6.7% as medium. Which of the distributed items did you find the most useful? Multiple choices Family Module 299 99.7% Blanket Module 299 99.7% Family Tent 29 9.7% Winter Kit 128 42.7% PSN In-Kind Assistance 21 7.0% N/A 122 40.7% Out of the total respondents (300) 99.7% expressed their views about the usefulness of Family Module & Blanket Module, whereas only 42.7% mentioned that winter kits are useful, and finally as the Family Tents are only being provided to the most vulnerable families therefore only 9.7% have said that Tents are useful, whereas 7% have responded to the usefulness of the PSN In-Kind Assistance & finally 40.7% have not responded to the question. Shelter Condition: (Good, Partially Destroyed Destroyed,) Description Own house 3.7% Rented house 47.3% Host Family/Relatives 24.0% House given by Community 12.0% Tent/Improved shelter 16.3% In open space 0.3%

Out of the total 300 respondents of this PD monitoring, the above mentioned numbers of the families are residing in the listed types of accommodation, and the conditions of their shelters will be specified as below: Partially Description Good Destroyed Destroyed Own house 0.0% 55.0% 45.0% Rented house 8.5% 52.1% 39.4% Host Family/Relatives 6.9% 38.9% 50.0% House given by Community 5.6% 61.1% 33.3% Tent/Improved shelter 34.7% 32.% 32.7% In open space 0.00% 0.00% 0.30% 70.0% 60.0% 50.0% 40.0% 30.0% 20.0% Good Destroyed Partially Destroyed 10.0% 0.0% Own house Rented house Host Family/Relatives House given by Community Tent/Improved shelter In open space Was the BSAF recommended assistance given to the families? Yes/No if No Why? 100.0% 98.7% 80.0% 60.0% 40.0% 20.0% 0.0% Yes No 1.0% N/A 0.3% As the Beneficiary Screening & Assistance Form (BSAF) is designed to mainly capture the information on the cross border movement, and in this situation some of the assistance listed is inappropriate as returnees in Khost are living within the community. The assistance recommended under the BSAF for the undocumented Afghans displaced in Khost was mainly as following: 1. IOM Non-Food Kitchen Items 2. IOM Emergency Shelter/Family Tents 3. IOM Winterization Kits 4. IOM PSN In-Kind Assistance 5. WFP One-time Food 6. UNICEF Hygiene Kits However, unavailability of the WFP food packages proved to be a challenge in Khost, because currently we are facing a huge shortage of food for the undocumented Afghan caseloads, and recently we faced with the shortage of UNICEF Hygiene Kits as well.

Was the assistance delivered within two days to the families, after screening? Yes No, if No Why? Yes 0% 0 No 100% 300 There were several reasons that IOM was not able to do the delivery of the relief items within or after two days, the most critical one is security, and IOM lack of warehouse in Khost, as IOM does not have a sub-office or project office in Khost Province, and all the relief items were pre-positioned in IOM s Gardiz Sub-Office. Only at times of distributions IOM was transporting these items to the distribution sites in Khost. Were there any difficulties during the distribution process? Yes No, If Yes, Please Specify? Yes 30% 90 No 70% 210 As the majority of the respondents have expressed that there were no major problems during the distribution process, however 30% of the respondents - mainly female headed households and others - pointed out the following problems occurring during the distribution process: 1. Heavy items to carry 2. Long Distance from Distribution Point 3. Long Waiting 4. Not Enough Items 5. Raining 6. Transportation of Kits 7. Others 1% Heavy items to carry 1% 8% 2% 22% Long Distance from Distribution Point Long Waiting Raining Transportation of Kits 66% Other The stock chart above highlights that, almost 66% of respondents have expressed the long distance of the distribution point, and major issue and problem, where as 22% have expressed heavy Wight of the items to carry, 8% have noted raining in the distribution sites as a problem and finally 2% have expressed their concern categorized here as Other, on the high expenses of the transportation of the relief items to their districts, villages or home.

Did the assistance contribute to reduce the vulnerability in the families? Yes No, if No please specify Yes 100% 300 No 0% 0 All the respondents have answered yes, that means the relief item packages have contributed to reduce the vulnerabilities of the families, the below table provides specific insights on the type and reduction percentages of vulnerabilities: What Vulnerabilities Level of Reduction Totally Partially Not Reduced PF Poor Family 0.0% 83.7% 0.0% SP Single Parents/Female Headed Households 1.0% 15.3% 0.0% Which distributed items didn't you use and why? Almost 99% of the respondents have mentioned that they have used all Non-Food Items, because they were in an emergency situation. About 1% of the respondents have commented on the small sizes of the shoes and winter jumpers for the children within the IOM Winterization Kits that needs of attention to be paid for the IOM Winterization Kits. Are you satisfied with the winter kit contents? Yes No, if No way? As the post-distribution monitoring was not only conducted for the distribution of the IOM Winterization Kits, rather it was also for IOM Emergency Shelter/Family Tents & IOM Non-Food Kitchen Items; therefore for this particular question we have three responses, yes, and no and not received. Yes 38% 113 No 20% 62 Not Received 42% 125 Although, only 20% of the respondents have expressed lack of satisfaction with the contents of the IOM Winterization Kits, mainly because of the following reasons and facts: The Quantity of the Items within a Winterization Kit is not enough The quality and sizes of the boots within the kit was not good The size of Local Afghan shoe (Kalaoush) was big for women The quality of the blankets within the kits were not good The quality of the winterization kits as overall were not good Not Received 42% No 20% Yes 38% The 20% who expressed lack of satisfaction form the contents of the IOM Winterization Kits, the reasons and facts are categorized as below by percentages. The Quantity of the Items within a Winterization Kit is not enough 5% The quality and sizes of the boots within the kit was not good 50% The size of Local Afghan shoe (Kalaoush) was big for women 15% The quality of the blankets within the kits were not good 25% The quality of the winterization kits as overall were not good 5%

Did you share some items with other households? Yes No, if Yes why? Out of the entire respondents, only 1% said yes, which means shared the items of the kits with others mainly because, other families have not received the relief items and the number of items were not enough for bigger families. It seems that the majority 99% of the families did not share the items of the kits with others. Did you sell or exchange some items? Yes No, if Yes why? 100% of the respondents reported that they did not sell the items of the kits. What would you suggest to improve the kits composition? (New items with quantity) Write your findings in detail and reason/usefulness for the suggested improvement. The survey has revealed useful information about the improvement of the IOM Non-Food Kitchen Sets Items and the IOM Winterization Kits and finally the IOM Emergency Shelter/Family Tents. As end users of the kits respondents can provide useful insights for the improvements of the relief items. As such, 54% of the respondents suggested possible changes in IOM NFI Packages, 23% suggested changes to the IOM Winterization Kits, and finally 23% of the respondents did not suggest any changes. The suggested items have been categorized as follows: IOM Non-Food Kitchen Sets Items: suggested items to be increased: Family Module o Teapot and Tea Cups o Bread Cooker & Pressure Cooker o Carpet & Mattress & Pellow o Solar Panels o Gas Heater & Stove o Jerry Can & Bowl o Shampoo & tooth past Blanket Module o The number of blanket in the module should be increased IOM Winterization Kits - suggested items to be increased: Winter Clothing Module o Cloths for family members o Mattress & Pellow o Carpet o Different sizes of jumpers for the family members o Good quality wither boots with appropriate sizes Blanket Module o The number of blanket in the module should be increased Who distributed the assistance? IOM or other parties? As IOM implements the project directly in Khost & Paktika Provinces, through the contracted personnel, the entire distribution was done by IOM in close coordination with other humanitarian and governmental partners, like WFP, UNICEF and UNHCR, and on the government-side DoRR and representative from the governor s office. In fact, IOM distributed UNICEF s Hygiene Kits for the undocumented Afghans in Khost & Paktika Provinces.

Further recommended assistance? Yes No, If Yes (Current Immediate Needs) please list down 3 most immediate needs. As the undocumented Afghan families have returned to Khost & Paktika, in a real vulnerable situation leaving everything behind in North Waziristan, therefore all the respondents 100% have responded yes, and their top three needs, which are different from each other are listed below: First Immediate Need Second Immediate Need Third Immediate Need Community Development Projects 0.3% 0.7% 1.0% Emergency & Permanent Shelters 33.3% 26.3% 12.3% Food Packages 54.0% 18.3% 9.7% Health & Education Facilities 2.0% 7.3% 15.0% Not Available 0.0% 1.0% 11.7% NFI Kits 0.0% 2.3% 2.0% PSN In-Kind Assistance 0.0% 0.0% 1.0% Vocational Trainings or Small Business Opportunities 4.3% 16.7% 19.7% WASH Hygiene & Drinking Water 3.0% 15.0% 21.7% Winterization Kits 3.0% 10.7% 4.3% Wood & Fuel for Heating 0.0% 1.7% 1.7% 60.0% 50.0% 40.0% 30.0% 20.0% 10.0% 0.0% Community Development Projects Emergency & Permanent Shelters Food Packages Health & Education Facilities Not Available NFI Kits PSN In-Kind Assistance Vocational Trainings or Small Business Opportunities WASH Hygiene & Drinking Water Winterization Kits Wood & Fuel for Heating Third Immediate Need Second Immediate Need First Immediate Need What are your futures Intentions? Return to Pakistan 7 2.3% Move to place of origin in Afghanistan 15 5.0% Stay in Current Location 249 83.0% Relocate to other place of Afghanistan 28 9.3% Not Available 1 0.3% Out of the 300 respondents to this particular survey, only 2.3% have mentioned that they are actually willing to go back to Pakistan if the security situations allows, and the majority 83% are willing to stay in their current locations, whereas 9.3% are willing to relocate within Afghanistan.

83.0% 2.3% 5.0% 9.3% 0.3% Return to Pakistan Move to place of origin in Afghanistan Stay in Current Location Relocate to other place of Afghanistan Not Available Additional Comments! All the respondents appreciate IOM s initiative as being the only Organization providing assistance to the most vulnerable undocumented Afghans returning from Pakistan. As well as this appreciation, there were mainly requests for further sustainable income generation projects for the better reintegration of the Afghans with the Afghan communities. Recommendations: IOM Non-Food Kitchen Sets Items: suggested items to be increased: Family Module o Teapot and Tea Cups o Bread Cooker & Pressure Cooker o Carpet & Mattress & Pellow o Solar Panels o Gas Heater & Stove o Jerry Can & Bowl o Shampoo & tooth past Blanket Module o The number of blanket in the module should be increased IOM Winterization Kits - suggested items to be increased: Winter Clothing Module o Cloths for family members o Mattress & Pellow o Carpet o Different sizes of jumpers for the family members o Good quality wither boots with appropriate sizes Blanket Module o The number of blanket in the module should be increased IOM Emergency Shelter Family Tents:

o Even though IOM selected the best quality tents, through this PDM we received comments about the quality of the tents, so it s something worth looking at in the future. WFP Food Ration for Undocumented Afghans one-month one-time: Food Packages: o Since October 2014, the Undocumented caseloads have not received food, and food has been highlighted as the first, second and third immediate needs of the families in this particular report and has been rated as more than 80%. Sustainable Permanent Shelters: Permanente Shelters: o Permanent Shelter has proven to be the second haggiest peak in this report, most of the respondents more than 70% have expressed their interest for having a sustainable shelter which another big area to look at, because more than 40% of the respondents of this survey were living in the rented houses, with a physical situation of 24% partially destroyed and 18% destroyed, similarly more than 35% of the families are living in with the families or relatives or houses given by the communities, with a physical situation of 16% partially destroyed and 16% destroyed. Vocational Training, Start Up of Small Business or Income Generation: On the sequence, the vocational training, small business and the income generation issue is the number fourth priority, because more than 40% of the respondents have selected as their first, second and third immediate need, and considering the level of skills of the respondents highlighted in this report, majority might need, vocational trainings and grants for starting small business. WASH Hygiene Issues & Access to Pure Drinking Water: This particular area was highlighted as fifth in the immediate need, and more than 38% of the respondents, have expressed the need for hygienic issues and most important pure drinking water. There are also other needs, but those might not be as crucial as the above once because, the humanitarian organizations in Khost & Paktika might be able to meet at least most of them, therefore I would kindly request the attention of the aid organizations toward the undocumented Afghan families, despite their legal status, they are actually in a similar vulnerable position as the people returned from North Waziristan Agency of Pakistan.