SS6H4 and SS6H5
Essential Questions How did the French and English colonize Canada? How did life change for indigenous people in Canada when colonizers settled? What influence did the French and English have on the language and religion of Canada? What led Canada to independence? What 20 th Century events led to Quebec s independence movement?
Vocabulary Francophone People who live in Quebec and speak French as their first language Separatist People who wanted Quebec to break away from Canada in 1976 Quiet Revolution The separatists formed their own political party and took control of the Quebec government in 1960 Referendum An issue in which voters cast ballots for or against
Cultural Exchange An exchange of people, customs, language, etc between two countries. Ethnic Group A group of people within society that share physical and cultural characteristics.
Dominion A self governing nation under the control of Great Britain Commonwealth A self governing nation under the control of the UK Parliament The national legislature of various countries especially that of the UK. Prime Minister the leader of Parliament.
A History of Canada The First Nations, or native people of Canada, are related to people who came from Asia about 12,000 years ago. They came across the Bering Strait
Colonization of Canada
New France Jacques Cartier, from France, explored up the St. Lawrence River. Claimed the land for France. Settlers were creating villages along the St. Lawrence River. Why? They brought with them their culture: French laws, traditions, and religion.
British Canada Great Britain was colonizing in New York State, south of Canada. The British saw that the French were making money on the fur trade and wanted to take control of it. The French and Indian War- Britain and France fought for the control of the Canadian territory and the fur trade. The Treaty of Paris, a document written at the end gave British control of all land east of the Mississippi River, except for two small islands. The British allowed the French to stay in Quebec which became New France.
Canadian Independence British Loyalists moved to Canada when Britain lost the American Revolution. Other loyalists moved to Quebec. As loyalists settled in Quebec, cultural differences began to affect their French dominated society. Under the British Quebec Act, French Canadians were given the right to practice the Catholic religion and allowed French civil law. The differences between the French and the British living in Canada led to a division of the country, British Upper Canada, and French Lower Canada.
Canada Confederation 1812 During the War of 1812 the British and French worked together to keep Americans out of Canada. 1837 French Canadian Louis Papineau and British Canadian William MacKenzie lead a rebellion against British rule. Both rebellions were defeated.
1864 Fearing more trouble, the British seek to keep peace in Canada and allow them to be a dominion. July 1, 1867 The British Parliament accepts the Canadian plan. Why was it a good idea to unify Canada?
Quebec Independence Movement Created by the growing concern over the disappearance of French culture and its language in Quebec/Canada. Coach book Lesson 10 Write your answers down and we will go over them.
1960 The Quiet Revolution. This was a period in Quebec s history where the French people were looking for change in their government. The French people ran for office and won! They immediately started to change everything to French which upset the English speaking people in Quebec. This begins the bilingual movement. 1976 Some of the French Canadians (also known as Francophone's) have become separatists. They want to break Quebec away and form their own country. They have attempted to do this by referendum. It has been unsuccessful so far but they say it will continue. 1982 A new constitution is written recognizing French culture and freedom from Britain forming a constitutional monarchy. By constitution Canada is bilingual.
A History of Canada Summary 1. Canada was discovered by Cartier (France). French trade with Indians. 2. British fight French for control over Canada and the fur trade. 3. Treaty of Paris gives Canada to Great Britain through French and Indian War (a.k.a 7 Years War) 4. American Revolution leads British Loyalist to move to Canada. Fears of French culture disappearing. 5. Quebec Act- Let French be French
A History of Canada Summary 6. Papineau and MacKenzie lead separate revolutions for independence from Great Britain. 7. Canada becomes a dominion (self governing country under G. Britain s control) 8. In 1982, Canada becomes it s own country by adopting a constitutional monarchy that is officially bilingual.
Quebec Independence Movement Summary - British move into Quebec after American Revolution and start making changes. - The Francophones fear loss of French culture - 1976- Francophones want Independence - Quiet Revolution- Francophones take over by getting a electing (NO FIGHTING!) - Still are asking Canadian government for Quebec independence.
EQ s / Ticket Out the Door How did the French and English colonize Canada? Jacques Cartier explored the St. Lawrence River he claimed the land for France. They created a wealthy fur trade with the natives. Once the British saw this they wanted to take control of it. The French and Indian War was fought between Britain and France for control of the Canadian territory. The British won and they allowed the French to stay in Quebec which became New France. How did life change for indigenous people in Canada when colonizers settled? Like most indigenous populations that came in contact with European explorers, they were taught new languages and religion, forced to assimilate and were exposed to disease.
How did life change for indigenous people in Canada when colonizers settled? Like most indigenous populations that came in contact with European explorers, they were taught new languages and religion, forced to assimilate and were exposed to disease. What influence did the French and English have on the language and religion of Canada? France and Britain brought over their languages, religion, and culture. Canada s official languages are French and English. Protestant and Catholicism are found in Canada. Their government is very similar to GB with a Parliamentary Democracy and a Constitutional Monarchy. They also have their own Prime Minister. What led Canada to independence? British Loyalists moved to Canada when Britain lost the American Revolution. In 1837, French Canadian Louis Papineau and British Canadian William MacKenzie lead a rebellion against British rule. Both rebellions were defeated. Fearing more trouble, the British seek to keep peace in Canada and allow them to be a dominion. On July 1, 1867, the British Parliament accepts the Canadian plan for independence. What 20 th Century events led to Quebec s independence movement? The British move into Quebec after the American Revolution and start making changes. The Francophones fear loss of French culture. In 1976, Francophones want Independence. The Quiet Revolution occurs and the Francophones take over by getting a electing (NO FIGHTING!) They are still asking the Canadian government for Quebec independence.
Canada Today SS6H4 and SS6H5
Essential Questions How does Canada benefit from trade? How has Canada s relationship with the U.K. affected its government structure?
Vocabulary Fossil Fuel- Coal, petroleum, and natural gas. All of these fuels were formed from the remains of plants and animals that lived millions of years ago. Acid Rain- precipitation, containing relatively high concentrations of acid-forming chemicals Clear-cut Cutting down all the trees in an area Free Trade the elimination of tariffs
Industrialization when you go from making things by hand to making things by machine. Extraction removal Literacy the ability to read and write Timber wood Natural resources A material source of wealth that occurs in a natural state and has value.
Interdependent An association between two or more things. Trade Barriers- any regulation or policy that restricts international trade, esp. tariffs, quotas, etc. NAFTA, FTAA- Trade organizations. Why are they important? Import- to bring in (merchandise, commodities, workers, etc.) from a foreign country for use, sale, processing, reexport, or services. Export- to ship goods to other countries or places for sale, exchange, etc. Trade Bloc A trade area formed by one or more trade agreements.
Tariffs- taxes Scarcity- shortness of supply, there s only so much of everything Poverty- having little or no money, goods, or support. Command, Market, Mixed, Traditional- Different types of Economy Entrepreneur- a person who create a new business, and takes risks using their own money. Investment RISK! Human capital the work an employee accomplishes Capital Goods goods used to produce consumer goods.
Canada s Government Federation Parliamentary Democracy Constitutional Monarchy They have their own Prime Minister. (2013- Stephen Harper) Parliament Buildings in Canada s capital of Ottawa. Ottawa is located in the Ontario province.
Canada s Economy Mixed market economy (closely resembling the U.S.A.) Canada has the 11 th largest economy in the world. It is one of the world s wealthiest nations. Logging and Oil are very important exports. Currency: Canadian Dollar
Relationship with the U.S. Canada and the US are partners in the environment. We have signed treaties to keep control of clear-cutting, acid rain and pollution of the waters that we share. We also share economically. The St. Lawrence Seaway was a cooperative effort between the US and Canada to get goods through to the Atlantic Ocean. We are each other s biggest trading partners. ¾ of Canada s trade is with the US. We are interdependent. 1989 -NAFTA
St. Lawrence Seaway
Review/Ticket Out the Door How does Canada benefit from trade? The St. Lawrence Seaway was a cooperative effort between the US and Canada to get goods through to the Atlantic Ocean. Canada and the U.S. are each other s biggest trading partners. ¾ of Canada s trade is with the US. We are interdependent. They are also a part of NAFTA. How has Canada s relationship with the U.K. affected its government structure? Since there was no bitterness between Canada and the U.K. ( example American Revolution) and no fighting, Canada s government mirrors the U.K. They have a Parliamentary Democracy, Constitutional Monarchy and have their own Prime Minister.