The Nullification Crisis

The Nullification Crisis

Warm up With your shoulder partner, you need to discuss the questions posted on the next slide. You will be EXPECTED to go to the board and write your answers.

What issue is this political cartoon about? What is the cartoonist s opinion on this issue?

Sensory Figure Using page 349-350, create a sensory figure of Andrew Jackson Glue this page into page 70/69 and title it Andrew Jackson

Notebook Label page 70 in your notebook The Nullification Crisis Divide your page into 3 sections

Sectionalism What is sectionalism? Sectionalism is the idea that. In the top part of your page, quickly sketch this picture.

Sectionalism Economic Politics Northern States Manufacturing and Trade Strong federal government Southern States Cash Crops (Tobacco and Cotton) Western States Livestock and Food Crops Both Stronger states rights Quickly sketch the economic industries that are in section of the United States.

Causes of the Nullification Crisis Protective tariff A tax on imported goods to protect domestic goods from competition In 1828, Congress with JQ Adams passes the highest tariff in American history This would be called the Tariff of Abominations Abomination something that is wrong and evil

The Debate

Two sides of the Debate (page 355) Vice President John Calhoun (SC) What did he argue states had the right to do? Senator Daniel Webster (MA) What did he argue the Constitution did?

The Nullification Act In 1832, Congress slightly lowers tariff, but that is not enough to keep South Carolina happy SC passes the Nullification Act which declares the tariff illegal Andrew Jackson is furious, believes this will cause civil war Henry Clay proposes new lower tariff compromise and Jackson gets the Force Bill passed which says he can use the military to enforce tariff South Carolina backs down and crisis ends

Cause and Effect SC passes Nullification Act, SC backs down, Tariff of Abominations, Force Act,

Notebook Title page 72/71 The Bank War

The Bank War Established in 1816 for 20 years Powers of the 2 nd Bank of the United States Hold the government s money Issue paper money that can be used in all the states Keep economy stable Accepts deposits and loan money

The Bank War The bank limits the amount of money the state banks can loan this angers farmers The bank had to be renewed by Congress in 1836, but Henry Clay pushes for its renewal in 1832 Andrew Jackson vetoes this bill Jackson immediately stops any deposits to the bank No money = useless bank

Effects of the Bank War With no national bank to control the state banks, the state banks recklessly loaned money Law said that any paper money issued had to be backed by gold or silver Example: $1 = 1/20 ounce of gold

Panic of 1837 Many people were getting loans to buy land in the west = land prices went up Jackson is worried and orders that you need to buy land with silver or gold Land buyers went to the bank to exchange their paper money for gold and silver Bank doesn t have enough gold and silver and closes

Quiz 1) Andrew Jackson and John Calhoun clashed over the issue of A) abolishing slavery B) Declaring war on Mexico C) Who really won the presidential election of 1828 D) whether a state had the right to nullify a federal law

2) What happened after the Bank of the United States closed in 1836? A) Southern states held a convention to vote on secession B) State banks lent too much money, creating an economic crisis C) Martin Van Buren presided over an age of unprecedented prosperity D) Andrew Jackson lobbied for the Bank to reopen with more power

3) What constitutional right did South Carolina attempt to claim in 1832? A) the right to nullify federal tariffs B) the right to secede from the Union C) the right to tax the Second National Bank D) the right to control the power of the federal government

4) What was President Jackson s response to the nullification crisis? A) He admitted that the Union was a compact of states B) He conceded South Carolina s right to secede C) He offered to raise tariffs to keep South Carolina in the Union D) He threatened to use force against South Carolina if it did not repeal its nullification policies

5) When Andrew Jackson was president, he gained a reputation as A) a puppet of John Quincy Adams B) a supported of the Bank of the United States C) a champion of the common people D) a friend of Native Americans

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