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agrarul-ekonomikuri mecniereba da teqnologiebi 2015 #2 (27) saertasoriso samecnierometodologiuri da praqtikuli, yovelkvartaluri referirebuli Jurnali Agrarian-economic Science and Technologies 2015 #2 (27 ) International Sientific- Methodological and Applied, Quaterly Referenced Journal Аграрно-экономическая наука и технологии 2015 #2 (27) Международный научнометодологический и практический, ежеквартальный реферированный журнал Jurnali dafuznebelia da gamodis 2008 wlidan, yovelkvartalurad Journal was Founded in 2008 and is issued quarterly 599-22-75-50 E-mail: areal 55555@gmail.com www. gaas.dsl.ge Tbilisi- Tbilisi 2015 3
omar qeselasvili saredaqcio_samecniero sabwos Tavmjdomare da mtavari redaqtori, ekonomikis mecnierebata doqtori, profesori, saqartvelos soflis meurneobis mecnierebata akademiis akademikosi. O. Keshelashvili Editor in chief and Head of Editor-Scientific Board; Doctor of Economic Sciences; Professor; Academician of the Academy of Agricultural Sciences 4
1. agraruli ekonomika Agrarian Economy miwis moususebeli satkivari (anu miwis yidva-gayidva dausvebelia) omar qeselasvili ekonomikis mecnierebata doqtori, profesori, saqartvelos soflis meurenobis mecnierebata akademiis akademikosi referati (internetuli versia) statiasi asaxulia soflis meurneobis Taviseburebebi da amis Sesabamisad miwatmoqmedebis specifika. miwa, agronomiuli terminologiit ki niadagi, ganxilulia rogorc erovnuli ganzi da fenomeni, erovnuli TviTmyofadobisa da TviTSemecnebis simbolo. arnisnulia, rom qartveli eris istoriasi, qartveli kacis udidesi wvlili isicaa, rom igi aris Semqmneli saqartvelos mta da barsi ganfenili niadagebisa. qani_dedaqni (qartvelebi ase ezaxian), mxolod fiziko-qimiuri, biologiur, klimaturi procesebisa da adamianis Ca-revis Sedegad, mravali aseuli wlis ganmavlobasi yalibdeba niadagad. xazgasmulia, rom sabazro ekonomika mxars uwers Tavisufal mewarmeobas, magram igi aucileblad gulisxmobs da logikurad moitxovs saxelmwifo regulirebis sistemasa da mis periodul srulyofas. es gansakutrebit exeba da esadageba soflis meurneobas, kerzod da upiratesad ki miwis problemas. rac imas nisnavs, rom kerzo sakutrebis dampyrobluri Zala ar unda exebodes erovnul TviTSegnebamde amarlebul miwas_niadags. es nisnavs, rom saqartvelosi miwa (nidagi) ar unda iyidebodes. miwis (teritoriis) dakargva, misi yidva-gayidvis dasvebis gzit, erovnulobis dakargvis tolfasia. miwis yidva-gayidvis problema saqartvelos miwis moususebeli satkivaria. dabejitebit unda itqvas da principul debulebad unda mivicniot, rom miwa, wyali, tye, wiariseuli, klimaturi da istoriuli Rirebulebebi saxelmwifo, eris sakutreba unda iyos. 5
saqartvelosi arsebuli politikuri, ekonomikuri da socialuri situaciidan gamomdinare principulad da yovelgvari meryeobis garese unda itqvas, rom saqartvelosi, saxelmwifo sakutrebasi arsebuli miwebis gayidvis dasveba ar SeiZleba. Land perpetual pain (Ie land Buy - Sell inadmissible) Abstract (Internet Version) O. Keshelashvili Doctor of Economic Sciences, professor, Academician of the Georgian Academy of Agricultural Sciences The article describes the characteristics of agriculture and farming for the specifics. Land, agronomic terms the soil, is considered as a national treasure and a phenomenon, a symbol of national identity and self-knowledge. It is noted that the nation's history, the man's greatest contribution is that he is the creator of the mountains and the lowlands of cover soil, rock - bedrock (the Georgians call), only the physico - chemical, biological, climatic processes and human intervention, many hundreds of years During the breeding ground is formed. Stresses that supports free enterprise market economy, but it definitely means and logically require state regulatory system and its periodic perfection. This especially applies to and is relevant for agriculture, and particularly preferably in the land problem. It means that a conquering power of private property should not apply to the national consciousness of the elevated land - soil. This means that in Georgia the ground (soil) must not be sold. Land (territory) loss, to buy - through the sale of access, equal to the loss of nationality. Buy land - the land of the perpetual problems in the pain. It could be said and the principal provisions can be made that the land, water, forests, minerals, climate and historical values of the state, the nation's property should be. 6
Georgia's political, economic and social situation in the principled and without any fluctuations should be noted that in Georgia, the state-owned land sale can not be allowed. srulvyot kanonmdebloba da mivirot erovnuli interesebis gamomxatveli miwis kodeqsi paata koruasvili ekonomikis mecnierebata doqtori, profesori, davit egiasvili socialur mecnierebata akademiuri doqtori, anzor mesxisvili ekonomikis akademiuri doqtori referati (internetuli versia) miwa udidesi resursia, romlis garesec dedamiwaze sicocxle ar iarsebebda. miwa_rogorc fizikuri, aseve abstraqtuli Sinaarsis mqone sagania. miwis flobisa da moxmarebis uflebebi iseve mwidrodaa mastan dakavsirebuli, rogorc mcenaris fesvebi miwastan. miwis sworad martva aucilebelia exlandel da momavali TaobebisaTvis. miwis martvis saxelmwifo departamentis likvidaciastan ertad gauqmda mis daqvemdebarebasi arsebuli samiwatmowyobo instituti da laboratoria, gacerda niadagebis kvlevis da sxva mimdinare samusaoebi. Sewyda miwatmomwyobta kadrebis gamosveba. sawiroa qveyanasi droulad Seiqmnas miwis sainformacio sistema, romelsac miwis racionalur gamoyenebastan da dacvastan dakavsirebuli yvela funqcia daekisreba. 7
Improve the Legislation and Get the National Interests Revealing Land Code Abstract (Internet Version) Paata Koguashvili, Professor, Doctor of Economic Sciences, David Egiashvili Academic doctor of social sciences, Anzor Meskhishvili Academic doctor of economy Land is the greatest resource, without which life would not exist on Earth. Land is the subject of both - physical and abstract content. Land ownership and usage rights are related to it as closely, as the plant roots are related to the ground. The proper management of the land is vitally necessary for present and future generations. With abolishing the State Department of Land Management, the Institute of Land Arrangement and the Laboratory under the State Department were also abolished; The Soil research and other current workings were canceled too. The process of preparing the staff for Land Arrangement was stopped. It is necessary to timely create the Land Information System which will have all the functions of land rational usage and protec 8
M sursatis uvneblobis regulaciebi saqartvelos evrokavsirsi asocirebis xelsekrulebis mixedvit goca lobjanize, mari javaxisvili, giorgi xideseli referati (internetuli versia) statiasi ganxilulia sursatis uvneblobis standartebi, romelic arsebobs evrokavsiris qveynebsi. saqartvelom asocirebis xelsekrulebit garkveuli valdebuleba airo rata ganaxorcielos reformebi am mimarttulebit. statiasi ganxilulia zogierti ZiriTadi principi evropasi sursatis uvneblobis kanonmdeblobis Sesaxeb da warmodgenilia mis reglamenttan dakavsirebuli sakitxebi. European Union Food Safety Standards foreseen the Association Agreement an overview towards Georgia Gocha Lobjanidze, Mari Javakhishvili, Giorgi Khidesheli Abstract (Internet version) The article examines Food Safety Standards which already exist in the EU countries. Georgia signed the Association Agreement and we took some responsibilities to implement reforms under this agreement. We discussed some of the major principles from the European Food Legislation system and presented the regulations connected to this issue. Our main goal was to introduce how difficult and complex it is to accomplish these reforms. Moreover, we wanted to clarify what kind of responsibilities Georgia has on the way to the European Union. During all this processes the attitude of citizens should be right, there are too much things to be done by the government in order to become the part of the Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Area. 9
2. sabanko da savaluto sistema Banking and Currency System fulad-sakredito politika omar qeselasvili ekonomikis mecnierebata doqtori, profesori, saqartvelos soflis meurenobis mecnierebata akademiis akademikosi, referati (internetuli versia) sabanko sistemis mdgradi da stabiluri ganvitarebisatvis, pirvel rigsi, aucilebelia makroekonomikuri stabilurobis SenarCuneba. arnisnuli uzrunvelyofs fasismieri meqanizmebis gamartul funqcionirebas, rac resursebis gadanawilebis maqsimaluri efeqtianobis sasualebas izleva da xels uwyobs qveyanasi finansuri Suamavlobis rolis amarlebas. sabanko sistemis ganvitarebis mxardaweris miznit aucilebelia inflaciuri da savaluto riskebis minimumamde dayvana, rac saprocento ganakvetebis regulirebisa da sainvesticio garemos gaumjobesebis xelsemwyob faqtorad ganixileba. am miznit, saqartvelos erovnulma bankma sakutari politika momavalsic ise unda warmartos, rom inflacia iyos dabali da prognozirebadi. amastan, igi unda Seecados Tavidan aicilos gacvliti kursis mkvetri ryevebi, rac Tavis mxriv, negatiurad zemoqmedebs ekonomikur garemoze. amavdroulad, savaluto kurswarmoqmnis meqanizmi sasualo da grzelvadian periodsi mxolod sabazro motxovna-miwodebis principebs daefuzneba. soflis mcxovrebta donis amarlebisa da sasoflo-sameurneo warmoebis efeqtianobis zrdis RonisZiebebi unda moicavdes am sferosi sabazro meqanizmebis srulyofas. es gamoixateba rogorc sasoflosameurneo produqtebze fasebis cvlilebis amplitudis SemcirebaSi, ise fasebis gamotanabrebasi qveynis sxvadasxva regions Soris. misi mirweva SeiZleba sasoflo-sameurneo produqtebis gadammusavebeli sawarmoebis Sesabamis regionebsi gantavsebit, sasawyobo 10
meurneobebis ganvitarebit, infrastruqruqturis sxva obieqtebis mseneblobit da a.s. monetary policy Abstract (Internet Version) O. Keshelashvili Doctor of Economic Sciences, professor, Academician of the Georgian Academy of Agricultural Sciences In the first place it is necessary to maintain macroeconomic stability for sustainable and stable development of the banking system. This will ensure the proper functioning of the payment mechanisms, which allows for maximum efficiency and facilitates the distribution of resources to enhance the role of financial intermediation. It is necessary to support the development of the banking system and currency risks from inflation, which is considered a risk factor for improving the investment environment and the regulation of interest rates. To this end, the central bank will continue its policy in such a way that inflation low and predictable. In addition, she must try to prevent sharp fluctuations in the exchange rate, which in turn, negatively affects the economic environment. At the same time, medium and long term the only currency kurstsarmokmnis mechanism based on the principles of market demand and supply. The villagers' awareness and increase the efficiency of agricultural production should include measures to improve the mechanisms of the market. This can be reached by creating agricultural products processing enterprises within different regions, by development of infrastructure and building constructions etc. 11
3.kvebis mrewveloba Food Industry miznobrivi danisnulebis bavsvta kvebis konservebi adgilobrivi nedleulis gamoyenebit a. xotivari teqnikis mecnierebata kandidati, g. grigorasvili biologiis mecnierebata doqtori, i. kupataze teqnikis mecnierebata kandidati, n. ilurize ufrosi injineri referati (internetuli versia) Tanamedrove mecnierul-teqnikuri progresis pirobebsi mosaxleobis ketildreobis zrdis kvalobaze ZiriTadi mnisvneloba eniweba sakvebi produqtebis ara mxolod raodenobriv mxares, aramed srulfasovnebas driur racionsi yvela ingredientis sawiro raodenobita da TanafardobiT mirebas. mecnierebi bavsvis kvebisas upiratesobas aniweben xilsa da bostneuls. kvebis produqtebis biologiuri Rirebulebebis gadidebis ert-ert gzas kupajireba warmoadgens. aseti konservebis Sesaqmnelad mizanmimartulad, mati fiziko-qimiuri da samkurnalo Tvisebebidan gamomdinare SerCeuli iqna bulgaruli wiwaka da sufris Warxali. Seswavlili iqna: bulgaruli wiwakis da sufris Warxlis bioqimiuri macveneblebi. mati cvlilebebi teqnologiuri gadamusavebis processi, wvenis gamosavlianobis zrdis sxvadasxva metodebi. damusavda wvenis mirebis racionaluri teqnologia, dadginda teqnologiuri procesebis optimaluri parametrebi, Catarebuli gamokvlevebis Sedegad damusavda bulgaruli wiwakidan da Warxlidan wvenebis mirebis teqnologia da urtiertgamdidrebuli kupajebis asortimenti. 12
Caned Baby Food Made from Local Raw Materials Abstract (Internet Version) A. Khotivari, MS Academical doctor, G. Grigorashvili Ph.D Bilogical doctor I. Kupatadze MS Academic doctor of scientific N.Iluridze Leading engineer Technological progress and, consequently, a different approach to the human welfare have shifted accents from the quantitative to the qualitative aspect of food products and a well-balanced diet. Nutritionists regard fruit and vegetables as priority ingredients of baby food. In this regard, blending is a way of increasing the biological value thereof. Given their physical and chemical properties, as well as their use in medicine, we suggest canning bell pepper and beetroot. To this end, their biochemical properties, transformation in the technological processing and juice yield technology were investigated and relevant parameters of manufacturing methods were defined. Bell pepper and beetroot juice production and blending methods were developed. 13
evropuli tipis sufris TeTri Rvinoebis peptidebis aminomjavebi Nnugzar baraturia teqnikis mecnierebata doqtori, profesori, saqartvelos soflis meurneobis mecnierebata akademiis akademikosi, Tengiz nanitasvili teqnikis mecnierebata doqtori, profesori, saqartvelos soflis meurneobis mecnierebata akademiis akademikosi, nana begiasvili teqnikis mecnierebata doqtori, cisana SilakaZe teqnikis mecnierebata akademiuri doqtori, beqa baraturia wamyvani injineri referati (internetuli versia) evropuli tipis Rvinoebis SemadgenlobaSi arsebuli ZiriTadi peptidebis aminomjavuri Sedgeniloba pirvelad iqna gamokvleuli. mirebuli Sedegebis mixedvit dadgenda mati cvlilebebi yurznis gadamusavebis, Rvinis formirebisa da damwifebis processi. 14
Investigation of amino acids structure of peptids in wine Nugzar Baghaturia Doktor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Academic of the Georgian Academy of Agriculture, Tengiz Nanitashvili Doktor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Academic of the Georgian Academy of Agriculture Nana Begiashvili Doktor of Technical Sciences Tcisana Shilakadze Academical Doktor of Technical Sciences Beqa Baghaturia Main engineer Abstract (Internet version) In this article there are the results of investigations of exploring Amino Acids structure of peptids in table wine received from Europian. It is ascertained that during the process of riping and ageing of wine the structure of Amino Acids of Peptids is essentially reduced. 15
4. uwyveti swavlebis darbazi Conctant Studying Hall uzrveba ekonomikis mecnierebata doqtori, profesori, akademikosi omar qeselasvili leqcia 15. marketingi 15.4. marketingis strategia da taqtika 15.5. marketingis funqciebi 15.6. marketinguli samsaxuri 5. sakonsultacio darbazi TanamSromelTa SerCeva da mireba biznesis administrirebis ganmsazrveli piroba akademikosi omar qeselasvili, mariam qeselasvili. 16
Sinaarsi CONTENTS gv. 1. agraruli ekonomika_agrarian Economy... 6 omar qeselasvili - miwis moususebeli satkivari (anu miwis yidva-gayidva dausvebelia)... 6 O. Keshelashvili-Land perpetual pain (Ie land Buy-Sell inadmissible) 20 paata koruasvili, davit egiasvili. anzor mesxisvilisrulvyot kanonmdebloba da mivirot erovnuli interesebis gamomxatveli miwis kodeqsi... 22 Paata Koguashvili, David Egiashvili, Anzor Meskhishvili-Improve the Legislation and Get the National Interests Revealing Land Code 34 goca lobjanize, mari javaxisvili, giorgi xideseli-sursa- Tis uvneblobis regulaciebi saqartvelos evrokavsirsi asocirebis xelsekrulebis mixedvit... 35 Gocha Lobjanidze, Mari Javakhishvili, Giorgi Khidesheli- European Union Food Safety Standards foreseen the Association Agreement an overview towards Georgia... 38 2. sabanko da savaluto sistema_banking and Currency System... 39 omar qeselasvili- fulad-sakredito politika... 39 O. Keshelashvili- monetary policy... 44 3.kvebis mrewveloba- Food Industry... 45 a.xotivari,g.grigorasvili,i.kupataze,n.ilurize-miznobrivi danisnulebis bavsvta kvebis konservebi adgilobrivi nedleulis gamoyenebit 45 A. Khotivari, G. Grigorashvili I. KupatadzeN.Iluridze- Caned Baby Food Made from Local Raw Materials... 50 nugzar baraturia, Tengiz nanitasvili, nana begiasvili, cisana SilakaZe, beqa baraturia- evropuli tipis sufris TeTri Rvinoebis peptidebis aminomjavebi... 51 Nugzar Baghaturia, Tengiz Nanitashvili, Nana Begiashvili, Tcisana Shilakadze, Beqa Baghaturia-Investigation of amino acids structure of peptids in wine... 55 4. uwyveti swavlebis darbazi- Conctant Studying Hall 56 leqcia 15. marketingi... 56 15.4. marketingis strategia da taqtika... 56 17
15.5. marketingis funqciebi... 58 15.6. marketinguli samsaxuri... 59 5. sakonsultacio darbazi... 60 omar qeselasvili, mariam qeselasvili-tanamsromelta SerCeva da mireba biznesis administrirebis ganmsazrveli piroba... 60 2015 wlis II kvartali Jurnalis damfuznebeli da gamomcemelia saqartvelos soflis meurneobis mecnierebata akademiis akademikosi omar qeselasvili. Jurnalis gamomcemlebi da finansuri mxardamwerebi arian: saqartvelos soflis meurneobis mecnierebata akademia (prezidenti akademikosi g.aleqsize), Sps-profesional konsultantta jgufi (direqtori socialur mecnierebata akademiuri doqtori d.egiasvili), saarricxvo-sagamomcemlo Tabaxi 4.7 pirobiti nabewdi Tabaxi 4.5 18