Chapter 13 Power and Politics Presented by: Charisse Bruin Terrell Green Ericka Williams
Chapter Objectives 1. Define power, and contrast leadership and power. 2. Contrast the five bases of power. 3. Identify nine power or influence tactics and their contingencies. 4. Show the connection between sexual harassment and the abuse of power. 5. Distinguish between legitimate and illegitimate political behavior. 6. Identify the causes and consequences of political behavior. 7. Apply impression management techniques. 8. Determine whether a political action is ethical. 9. Show the influence of culture on the uses and perceptions of politics.
OBJ 1: Define power, and contrast leadership and power Power The capacity that A has to influence the behavior of B so that B acts in accordance with A s wishes Dependency B s relationship to A when A possesses something that B requires Leadership Focuses on goal achievement Requires goal compatibility with followers Focuses influence downward Power Used as a means for achieving goals Requires follower dependency Used to gain lateral and upward influence
OBJ 2: Contrast the five bases of power Formal Power Established by an individual s position in an organization 3 bases: Coercive Power Reward Power Legitimate Power Personal Power Power that comes from an individual s unique characteristics 2 bases: Expert Power Referent Power
Dependency: The Key to Power The General Dependency Postulate Dependency increases when resources are: Important Scarcity Nonsubstitutability
OBJ 3: Identify nine power or influence tactics and their contingencies. Power Tactics Choice and effectiveness of influence tactics are moderated by: Sequencing of tactics Softer to harder tactics work best Political skill of the user Influence Tactics Legitimacy Rational Persuasion Inspirational Appeals Consultations Exchange Personal Appeals Ingratiation Pressure Coalitions The culture of the organization Culture affects user s choice of tactic
OBJ 4: Show the connection between sexual harassment and the abuse of power Sexual Harassment Any unwanted activity of a sexual nature that affects an individual s employment and creates a hostile work environment - Overt actions, - Subtle actions Managerial Actions for Prevention Implement policies Ensure against employee retaliations after filings Investigate every complaint Make sure offenders are disciplined or terminated Set up in-house seminars and training
OBJ: 5 Distinguish between legitimate and illegitimate political behavior Political Behavior Activities not required as part of one s formal role in the organization, but that influence the distribution of advantages or disadvantages within the organization Legitimate Political Behavior Normal everyday politics - complaining, bypassing, obstructing Illegitimate Political Behavior Extreme political behavior that violates the implied rules of the game: sabotage, whistle-blowing, and symbolic protest
OBJ: 5 Continued Politics is a natural result of resource scarcity Limited resources lead to competition and political behaviors Judgments on quality of resource distribution differ markedly based on the observer s perception Most decisions are made under ambiguous conditions Lack of an objective standard encourages political maneuvering of subjective reality
OBJ 6: Identify the causes and consequences of political behavior
Objective 7: Impression Management Impression Management is the process by which individuals attempt to control the impression others form of them. High Self Monitors vs. Low Self Monitors Interview and Job Impression Management techniques Conformity Favors Excuses Apologies Self-Promotion Enhancement Flattery Exemplification
Objective 8 and 9: Political Action and Global Implications Political Behavior Ethical vs. Unethical Political Activity Conformity to Standards Culture Perceptions, Power, Influence Perception of Politics Preference for Power Tactics Effectiveness of Power Tactics