Von: Mario Mayer TGM 9.Schulstufe Note: 1 Fach: Englisch NEW YORK HISTORY: 1614 the Dutch founded the village of New Amsterdam on the area of one of the biggest cities today called New York. At that time the village only consisted of a mill, 30 houses and a fort with thick walls. In the year 1626 Peter Minnewitt has been instructed by the Dutch Westindian Company to buy the area of Manhattan; he only paid the amount of 60$ gold. Manhattan lays on the Hudson River. 1647 Peter Stuyvesant became governor of New Amsterdam. He conquered Fort Christian and stopped the Swedish expansions. 1667 in the peace of Brenda the British Empire got the area of New Amsterdam and the Dutch got a part of Guyana instead. In this time the name has been changed to New York in order to remind the Earl of York. In the year1620 there lived 2.000 employees, 80 years later the population has increased to 275.000 people and at 1776 the population showed approximately 2.5 million. In the so called NEW World there were such many wars to achieve domination in this country. Irokeey - war 1642 to 1653 King William s - war 1689 1697 Queen Anne s - war 1702 1713 Yankee s ear - war 1739 1742 King George s - war 1740-1748 France and Indian war 1754 1763 In the history of the United States of America New York has been very
important. Though the city refused to vote for the declaration of independence of Thomas Jefferson on the 4th July 1776. Nevertheless today the Americans celebrate on the 4th July there Independence Day. In the peace treaty of Paris on the 3. September 1783 the USA were exempted as an own country existing of 13 states. In the 19th century many people moved to North-America. Most of the immigrants came through the harbour of New York which only has been possible by crossing the Erie-Channel. Up to the 1st World War 1.4 Mio. people came to the USA. The next great immigration wave took place before and during World War II. ECONOMY: Today s N.Y. is one of the most important banking places of the world and locates the most important stock exchange at Wall Street. The famous Dow-Jones Index shows the rate of the mostly traded shares of the industry. Many goods and products are shipped through the New York harbor at which 1000 employees work. International organizations such as the UNO have their headquarter in New York. Most of the international flights past one of the New York airports. NY also offers many known possibilities for art and culture and has many famous museums. Well known names are Madison Square Garden, the Rockefeller Center and the Metropolitan Opera called briefly Met. MONUMENTS: New York has many known sights which are visited by millions of tourists every year. The best known symbol of New York and also the symbol of liberty is called Statue of Liberty. It gets the nickname Mrs. Liberty from the New
Yorkers. It has been a present of France to the celebrations at the 100 th anniversary of the country s foundation. The Statue has been created by the artist Frederice Bartholdi. For the immigrants it was a symbol that they were in a free country. A similar known sight is the skyline of Manhattan, which is based on this island on the former place New Amsterdam. This view was taken a million times as an photograph. One sees many known buildings on these photos The Chrysler Building, Empire State Building, World Trade Center, Woolworth Building and many others stamp the face of the town. The most essential street in New York is the Wall Street, because the most important financial centers of the world are located in this street such as the stock exchange and the headquarters of many known banks and brokers, which trade with equities. The Broad Way is the entertainment street of New York. The best known movies, theaters, night spots, restaurants and cabaret are there. There often live shows of many famous artists. Almost all tourists go to the sidewalk were artists have immortalized their hands and autographs. POPULATION: The original population of New York has been Indians which were wiped out by the immigration of the settlers. Today only a few Indians live in New York. The main part of the population consists of English speaking people. These are Englishmen, Scots, Welshmen and Irishmen. There are many other groups who live in one of these different districts. Known were "Little Italy", "Chinatown" and the Jewish district. Other immigrants didn t live so close together e.g. the Germans, the Frenchmen, the Polish, the Moslems and the Hispanics which were Spanish
speaking people. After the 2nd World War many immigrants came from South-East- Asia. These were Koreans, Chinese people from Formosa, people from Vietnam and Cambodia. The biggest immigration wave has to be noticed from South America today. New York is a big melting pot of the most different cultures and is therefore one very various and interesting town. Today live approximately 18 million people in New York on an area of 128 000 km ². The capital of New York is called Albany and has 101 100 inhabitants. CLOSING REMARK: The New York people call there city in love Big Apple. The most well-known hymn of New York is sung by the worldfamous Frank Sinatra and is called New York, New York. Everybody who has the opportunity in his life to pay a visit to New York, should do this and it is guarantied that he will be enthusiastic. NEW YORK DRAFT: HISTORY: 1614 the Dutch founded the village of New Amsterdam on the area of one of the biggest cities today called New York. At that time the village only consisted of a mill, 30 houses and a fort with thick walls. In the year 1626 Peter Minnewitt has been instructed by the Dutch Westindian Company to buy the area of Manhattan; he only paid the amount of 60$ gold. ECONOMY: Today s N.Y. is one of the most important banking places of the world and
locates the most important stock exchange at Wall Street. MONUMENTS: New York has many known sights which are visited by millions of tourists every year. The best known symbol of New York and also the symbol of liberty is called Statue of Liberty. The most essential street in New York is the Wall Street, because the most important financial centers of the world are located in this street. POPULATION: New York is a big melting pot of the most different cultures and is therefore one very various and interesting town. WORDS: Dutch Niederländer consist - bestehen increase - zunehmen immigrant - Einwanderer stock exchange - Börse anniversary - Jahrestag essential - unentbehrlich equities Wertpapiere immortalize - verewigen approximate - ungefähr enthusiastic begeistert SOURCES: Das Wissen des 20. Jahrhunderts www.advancenet.net www.preissler-schupp.com www.corbis.com + gut verständlich und flüssig verfaßt, umfangreich, alle wesentlichen Aspekte verarbeitet, Kurzzusammenfassung und links sind sehr hilfreich - persönliche Erfahrungen, falls vorhanden, fehlen!