The Bayt.com Middle East and North Africa Salary Survey 2017 April 2017
Objectives The research was conducted to gauge employee satisfaction with their current salaries and factors affecting thereof. The key objectives were as follows: Understanding overall satisfaction levels with current salary. Gauging level of raise received in the past year and satisfaction with it. Gauging level of raise expected in the coming year. Comprehending the factors affecting the increase/ decrease in salary levels in country of residence. Exploring the drivers of loyalty towards current employer. Measuring consumer perceptions and expectations about the cost of living.
Section 1 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Sample definition Age and Gender: Working males and females Aged 18+ years Nationalities: GCC Arabs, North Africans, Levantines, Western and Asian expatriates Country of Residence GCC: UAE, KSA, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Bahrain Levant: Lebanon, Syria*, Jordan North Africa: Egypt, Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia *Small data sample thus not presented in the report Data Collection All data was collected online. Fieldwork was done between 23 rd March to 9 th April 2017. The total number of respondents achieved was 3,879.
Section 2 RESEARCH FINDINGS
Section 2a CURRENT JOB
Summary Nine in ten respondents are working full time, covering a wide variety of job positions/titles and industries. In fact, one third of respondents (33%) are currently employed in senior or middle management positions, while 17% are junior managers/team leader/supervisors. 56% of respondents have been working in their current industry for up to six years. Eight in ten respondents (78%) have been working with their current employer for up to six years. Of these respondents, 48% have been working for their for their employer for less than three years. Half of respondents have up to ten people reporting to them both directly and indirectly and just over a quarter (26%) have eleven people or more reporting to them. More than a third of respondents (34%) claim to be midway in terms of seniority when asked about the level they have reached in their career path. 61% of respondents have held up to two jobs over the past five years while 35% have held three jobs or more. A third (31%) claim that the average length of time they have held a job for is at least six years.
Current position/title Q. Which of the following describes your current job position or title? One third of respondents (33%) are currently employed in senior or middle management positions, while 17% are junior managers/team leader/supervisors. Base: Total (3,879)
Number of years working in current industry Q. How many years in total have you been working in your current industry? 56% of respondents have been working in their current industry for up to six years. Base: Total (3,879), UAE (508), Saudi Arabia (1,160), Qatar (136), Kuwait (140), Bahrain (50), Oman (60), Lebanon (79), Jordan (265), Egypt (1,002), Morocco (140), Algeria (257), Tunisia (60)
Number of years working with current employer Q. How long have you been working with your current employer for? Eight in ten respondents (78%) have been working with their current employer for up to six years. Of these respondents, 48% have been working for their for their employer for less than three years. Base: Total (3,879), UAE (508), Saudi Arabia (1,160), Qatar (136), Kuwait (140), Bahrain (50), Oman (60), Lebanon (79), Jordan (265), Egypt (1,002), Morocco (140), Algeria (257), Tunisia (60)
Number of people reporting to me Q. How many people currently report to you both directly and indirectly? Half of respondents have up to ten people reporting to them both directly and indirectly and just over a quarter (26%) have eleven people or more reporting to them. Base: Total (3,879), UAE (508), Saudi Arabia (1,160), Qatar (136), Kuwait (140), Bahrain (50), Oman (60), Lebanon (79), Jordan (265), Egypt (1,002), Morocco (140), Algeria (257), Tunisia (60)
Position in career path Q. Which of the following best describes the level that you have attained so far in your career path? More than a third of respondents (34%) claim to be midway in terms of seniority when asked about the level they have reached in their career path. Base: Total (3,879), UAE (508), Saudi Arabia (1,160), Qatar (136), Kuwait (140), Bahrain (50), Oman (60), Lebanon (79), Jordan (265), Egypt (1,002), Morocco (140), Algeria (257), Tunisia (60)
Number of jobs held over past five years Q. How many jobs have you held over the past 5 years? 61% of respondents have held up to two jobs over the past five years while 35% have held three jobs or more. Base: Total (3,879), UAE (508), Saudi Arabia (1,160), Qatar (136), Kuwait (140), Bahrain (50), Oman (60), Lebanon (79), Jordan (265), Egypt (1,002), Morocco (140), Algeria (257), Tunisia (60)
Average length of time jobs held Q. What is the average length of time that you have held a job for (in years)? A third (31%) claim that the average length of time they have held a job for is at least six years. Base: Total (3,879), UAE (508), Saudi Arabia (1,160), Qatar (136), Kuwait (140), Bahrain (50), Oman (60), Lebanon (79), Jordan (265), Egypt (1,002), Morocco (140), Algeria (257), Tunisia (60)
Section 2b CURRENT PACKAGE
Summary Just under half (45%) claim that their current salary package consists of basic salary + benefits, while almost two out of five respondents (37%) claim their salary package consists of the basic salary only. Those employed in the GCC (59%) are more likely to have a salary package that includes benefits (59%) as compared to employees in the Levant (26%) and in North Africa (31%). Two out of five respondents (39%) who receive a salary package along with other benefits/commission, claim their basic salary consists of up to half of the whole proportion of the package. One in every two respondents (52%) exhibit low level of satisfaction with their current salary, with those in the Levant being more dissatisfied (61% vs. 48% in the Gulf and 55% in North Africa). Personal medical insurance (45%) arises at the top benefit received by employees, followed by transportation allowance (29%). Generally, the additional benefits differ across geographies, with those working in the GCC and especially in KSA and UAE enjoying more benefits. Personal medical insurance is provided to 55% of those surveyed in KSA and to 52% of UAE respondents, a proportion that is higher than other MENA countries. Transportation allowance is provided to 44% of respondents in KSA and to 42% of respondents in Lebanon. More respondents from UAE and Qatar receive gratuity (both at 23%). A higher proportion of those currently employed in KSA (35%) receive family medical insurance.
Composition of current package Q. What does your current salary package include? Just under half (45%) claim that their current salary package consists of basic salary + benefits, while almost two out of five respondents (37%) claim their salary package consists of the basic salary only. Those employed in the GCC (59%) are more likely to have a salary package that includes benefits (59%) as compared to employees in the Levant (26%) and in North Africa (31%). Base: Total (3,879), UAE (508), Saudi Arabia (1,160), Qatar (136), Kuwait (140), Bahrain (50), Oman (60), Lebanon (79), Jordan (265), Egypt (1,002), Morocco (140), Algeria (257), Tunisia (60)
Proportion of basic salary Q. What percentage of the total salary package that you receive is your basic MONTHLY salary? Two out of five respondents (39%) who receive a salary package along with other benefits/commission, claim their basic salary consists of up to half of the whole proportion of the package. Base: Total (3,879), UAE (508), Saudi Arabia (1,160), Qatar (136), Kuwait (140), Bahrain (50), Oman (60), Lebanon (79), Jordan (265), Egypt (1,002), Morocco (140), Algeria (257), Tunisia (60) *Data for Bahrain and Tunisia not shown due to small base
Satisfaction with salary Q. Please indicate your level of satisfaction with your current salary. One in every two respondents (52%) exhibit low level of satisfaction with their current salary, with those in the Levant being more dissatisfied (61% vs. 48% in the Gulf and 55% in North Africa). Base: Total (3,879), UAE (508), Saudi Arabia (1,160), Qatar (136), Kuwait (140), Bahrain (50), Oman (60), Lebanon (79), Jordan (265), Egypt (1,002), Morocco (140), Algeria (257), Tunisia (60)
Additional benefits Q. Apart from your salary which of the following do you receive from your current company? (Please select all that apply) Personal medical insurance (45%) arises at the top benefit received by employees, followed by transportation allowance (29%). Total UAE Saudi Qatar Kuwait Arabia Bahrain Oman Lebanon Jordan Egypt Morocco Algeria Tunisia Personal medical insurance 45 52 55 29 28 18 32 32 34 39 41 45 45 Transportation allowance 29 30 44 33 18 24 23 42 17 23 13 11 10 Family medical insurance 22 17 35 11 10 10 20 6 19 14 29 26 22 Personal annual air ticket 19 37 34 40 23 12 23 1 3 3 3 3 - Housing allowance 18 26 34 26 19 10 23-2 7 6 4 2 Bonus 18 22 18 21 18 10 20 24 11 20 11 14 17 Company-provided accommodation 13 23 17 23 14 16 17 3 2 7 2 7 7 Telecom bills paid by company / allowance 12 13 12 17 14 12 12 1 9 14 9 8 13 Company-provided car / transportation 12 14 16 23 12 10 10 1 6 10 5 8 12 Company-provided mobile phone 12 14 14 11 10 6 15 6 10 10 10 7 27 Family annual air tickets 9 12 18 14 11 2 15 1 1 2 2 2 2 Gratuity 8 23 5 23 5 6 17 1 5 4 3 7 5 Holiday allowances / foreign trips 7 8 12 9 8 8 8 4 3 5 6 2 5 Personal training / development courses allowance 7 7 6 4 9 6 10 9 4 9 1 7 2 Fitness benefits (e.g. gym membership) 3 3 4 3 1-5 - 1 3 5 3 3 Children s education allowance 3 5 3 4 4 4-6 2 2 1 3 2 Childcare facility 1 1 1 1 3-2 - - 2 4 2 - Stock options 1-1 - 1 - - - 1 1-2 - None/ Don t know 26 15 18 17 34 30 27 28 43 34 34 35 28 Base: Total (3,879), UAE (508), Saudi Arabia (1,160), Qatar (136), Kuwait (140), Bahrain (50), Oman (60), Lebanon (79), Jordan (265), Egypt (1,002), Morocco (140), Algeria (257), Tunisia (60)
Section 2c SALARY COMPARISONS AND EXPECTATIONS
Summary A fifth of respondents received a salary raise of only 1% - 5% in 2016. One in two respondents (49%) did not receive a raise at all in 2016. This is observed to a larger extent amongst respondents from Algeria (62%), KSA (61%), Morocco (60%) and Kuwait (58%). 60% of those who received a raise in 2016 are unhappy with the raise they received. Respondents from GCC (44%) seem somewhat happier with the raise they received in 2016, as compared to respondents from Levant (29%) and North Africa (37%). Three out of ten respondents believe the salary offered to women at their current company is equal to that offered to men. Approximately one in two respondents do not expect to be given a raise in 2017, with those in Algeria (61%) being the most pessimistic about receiving a raise.
Raise received in 2016 Q. Can you please select the total percentage salary raise you received in the year 2016 (January 2016 December 2016)? A fifth of respondents received a salary raise of only 1% - 5% in 2016. One in two respondents (49%) did not receive a raise at all in 2016. This is observed to a larger extent amongst respondents from Algeria (62%), KSA (61%), Morocco (60%) and Kuwait (58%). Base: Total (3,879), UAE (508), Saudi Arabia (1,160), Qatar (136), Kuwait (140), Bahrain (50), Oman (60), Lebanon (79), Jordan (265), Egypt (1,002), Morocco (140), Algeria (257), Tunisia (60)
Views on raise received in 2016 Q. Please indicate how satisfied you are with the salary raise you received in the year 2016 (January 2016 December 2016)? 60% of those who received a raise in 2016 are unhappy with the raise they received. Respondents from GCC (44%) seem somewhat happier with the raise they received in 2016, as compared to respondents from Levant (29%) and North Africa (37%). Total UAE Saudi Arabia Qatar Kuwait Oman Lebanon Jordan Egypt Morocco Algeria Tunisia I am very happy with my raise 8 14 11 21 15 18 13 5 4 8 6 5 I am modestly happy with my raise 31 35 30 32 28 24 38 20 32 33 35 41 I am quite unhappy with my raise 33 29 31 38 30 27 38 35 35 35 38 35 I am very unhappy with my raise 27 22 28 9 26 30 13 40 29 25 22 19 *Data for Bahrain not shown due to small base Base: Those who received a raise (1,767), UAE (220), Saudi Arabia (400), Qatar (53), Kuwait (53), Oman (33), Lebanon (32), Jordan (128), Egypt (638), Morocco (52), Algeria (88), Tunisia (37)
Salaries offered to men and women Q. In your opinion, which of the following statements best applies to the salaries offered to men and women (doing the same work) in your company? Three out of ten respondents believe the salary offered to women at their current company is equal to that offered to men. Only 11% think men are paid higher salaries than women for the same job. Total UAE Saudi Arabia Qatar Kuwait Bahrain Oman Lebanon Jordan Egypt Morocco Algeria Tunisia The salary offered to women is higher than that offered to men in the same position/ doing the same work 10 14 10 10 12 16 8 16 7 8 7 11 8 The salary offered to women is equal to the salary offered to men in the same position/ doing the same work 29 35 16 26 34 30 30 34 36 32 24 50 58 The salary offered to women is lower than that offered to men in the same position/ doing the same work 11 11 12 11 15 14 12 13 16 10 16 4 3 Don t know/ Can t say 50 40 63 54 39 40 50 37 41 50 53 35 30 Base: Total (3,879), UAE (508), Saudi Arabia (1,160), Qatar (136), Kuwait (140), Bahrain (50), Oman (60), Lebanon (79), Jordan (265), Egypt (1,002), Morocco (140), Algeria (257), Tunisia (60)
Raise expected in 2017 Q. Can you please select the total percentage raise you expect to receive (or have already received) in the year 2017 (January 2017 December 2017)? Approximately one in two respondents do not expect to be given a raise in 2017, with those in Algeria (61%) being the most pessimistic about receiving a raise. Base: Total (3,879), UAE (508), Saudi Arabia (1,160), Qatar (136), Kuwait (140), Bahrain (50), Oman (60), Lebanon (79), Jordan (265), Egypt (1,002), Morocco (140), Algeria (257), Tunisia (60)
Section 2d COST OF LIVING AND SAVINGS
Summary Respondents from Egypt have experienced the highest increase in cost of living in 2016: one in two respondents claims that the cost of living has increased by more than 50%. Food & beverage and utilities are the top two elements for which respondents noticed an increase in costs in 2016 (76% and 74%, respectively). In the UAE (74%) and Kuwait (78%), respondents claim to have seen an increase in rents, a proportion which is higher than in other countries covered in the survey. The great majority (80%) expect a further increase in the cost of living in 2017. When probed on their savings, approximately one in two (45%) claim they do not save any of their monthly income. Lack of savings is more prominent among those in Levant and North Africa (58% and 54%, respectively vs. 36% for the Gulf). Almost two out of five respondents (37%) choose to repatriate up to 50% of their savings home. 43% do not repatriate any of their savings. Most respondents would prefer a 100% fixed pay structure (60%). 63% of respondents believe that their salary is lower than in other companies in their industry.
Increase in cost of living in 2016 Q. On average, by what percentage do you think your cost of living has increased in the year 2016 (January 2016 December 2016)? Respondents from Egypt have experienced the highest increase in cost of living in 2016: one in two claims that the cost of living has increased by more than 50%. Base: Total (3,879), UAE (508), Saudi Arabia (1,160), Qatar (136), Kuwait (140), Bahrain (50), Oman (60), Lebanon (79), Jordan (265), Egypt (1,002), Morocco (140), Algeria (257), Tunisia (60)
Factors that increased in cost in 2016 Q. For which of the following elements have you seen an increase in cost in the year 2016 (January 2016 December 2016)? Food & beverage and utilities are the top two elements for which respondents noticed an increase in costs in 2016 (76% and 74%, respectively). In the UAE (74%) and Kuwait (78%), respondents claim to have seen an increase in rents, a proportion which is higher than in other countries covered in the survey. Total UAE Saudi Arabia Qatar Kuwait Bahrain Oman Lebanon Jordan Egypt Morocco Algeria Tunisia Food and beverage 76 59 70 72 75 76 62 73 76 88 74 90 91 Utilities 74 57 72 54 43 62 73 60 82 87 68 86 84 Rents 60 74 57 62 78 62 31 40 58 60 53 50 55 Entertainment 45 32 39 32 34 32 36 40 47 62 24 38 52 Education 42 36 33 40 40 43 29 49 44 61 25 16 27 Other 8 6 5 6 5 5 7 5 8 12 5 6 9 Base: Total (3,879), UAE (508), Saudi Arabia (1,160), Qatar (136), Kuwait (140), Bahrain (50), Oman (60), Lebanon (79), Jordan (265), Egypt (1,002), Morocco (140), Algeria (257), Tunisia (60)
Expectation of future cost of living in 2017 Q. In the year 2017 (January 2017 December 2017) you expect your cost of living to: The great majority (80%) expect a further increase in the cost of living in 2017. Base: Total (3,879), UAE (508), Saudi Arabia (1,160), Qatar (136), Kuwait (140), Bahrain (50), Oman (60), Lebanon (79), Jordan (265), Egypt (1,002), Morocco (140), Algeria (257), Tunisia (60)
Proportion of monthly income saved Q. On average, what percentage of your monthly personal income do you save? When probed on their savings, approximately one in two (45%) claim they do not save any of their monthly income. Lack of savings is more prominent among those in Levant and North Africa (58% and 54%, respectively vs. 36% for the Gulf). Base: Total (3,879), UAE (508), Saudi Arabia (1,160), Qatar (136), Kuwait (140), Bahrain (50), Oman (60), Lebanon (79), Jordan (265), Egypt (1,002), Morocco (140), Algeria (257), Tunisia (60)
Proportion of salary repatriated Q. What percentage of your savings do you repatriate to your home country? Almost two out of five respondents (37%) choose to repatriate up to 50% of their savings home. 43% do not repatriate any of their savings. *Data for Tunisia not shown due to small base Base: Those who do not live in their home country (2,082), UAE (476), Saudi Arabia (764), Qatar (132), Kuwait (135), Bahrain (35), Oman (40), Lebanon (30) Jordan (84), Egypt (250), Morocco (45), Algeria (67)
Preferred pay structure Q. Which of the following do you think is a better pay structure for you? Most respondents would prefer a 100% fixed pay structure (60%). Base: Total (3,879), UAE (508), Saudi Arabia (1,160), Qatar (136), Kuwait (140), Bahrain (50), Oman (60), Lebanon (79), Jordan (265), Egypt (1,002), Morocco (140), Algeria (257), Tunisia (60)
Salary comparison Q. For the work that you do, is your salary 63% of respondents believe that their salary is lower than in other companies in their industry. Base: Total (3,879), UAE (508), Saudi Arabia (1,160), Qatar (136), Kuwait (140), Bahrain (50), Oman (60), Lebanon (79), Jordan (265), Egypt (1,002), Morocco (140), Algeria (257), Tunisia (60)
Section 2e PERCEPTION OF SALARIES IN THE COUNTRY AND QUALITY OF LIFE
Summary Approximately four out of ten (37%) claim to be better off than other people of a similar generation in their country of residence. With the exception of Bahrain, this belief is stronger among respondents from the GCC (43%) as compared to Levant (31%) and North Africa (30%). When asked about their plans in the next twelve months, just over half (53%) stated that they will look for a better job in the same industry. On a positive note, four in ten believe that salaries are increasing in their country of residence. Among those who think salaries are increasing, 42% believe that inflation/the rise in cost of living are the reasons for this rise, while 22% attribute it to good corporate performance and another 22% attribute it to the growth in opportunities. Of those who believe that salaries are either decreasing or staying the same in their country of residence, 54% blame the poor economy, while approximately one-third attribute it to employerfriendly laws. A quarter believe that there is a skills shortage in their country of residence. This belief is less prominent among Levant residents.
Overall quality of life Q. Thinking about your quality of life, how would you compare yourself to other people of a similar generation in your country of residence? Approximately four in ten (37%) claim to be better off than other people of a similar generation in their country of residence. With the exception of Bahrain, this belief is stronger among respondents from the GCC (43%) as compared to Levant (31%) and North Africa (30%). Base: Total (3,879), UAE (508), Saudi Arabia (1,160), Qatar (136), Kuwait (140), Bahrain (50), Oman (60), Lebanon (79), Jordan (265), Egypt (1,002), Morocco (140), Algeria (257), Tunisia (60)
Future plans Q. Which of the following do you intend to do in the next 12 months? When asked about their plans in the next twelve months, just over half (53%) stated that they will look for a better job in the same industry. Total UAE Saudi Arabia Qatar Kuwait Bahrain Oman Lebanon Jordan Egypt Morocco Algeria Tunisia Look for a better job in the same industry 53 55 54 64 61 50 42 46 57 53 46 37 48 Look for a better job in a different industry Look for a better job as an expat in a different country in the Middle East 36 45 39 30 41 46 43 34 31 31 31 31 25 32 15 24 30 33 28 27 28 39 43 31 51 53 Move to another region as an expat 15 12 11 14 12 10 8 9 18 17 16 25 18 Return to home country 4 5 8 8 9 4 5-1 - - 1 2 Staying at my current job 15 15 19 13 11 14 10 18 13 15 11 12 10 Other 4 3 5 4 1 2 7 5 6 3 6 2 7 Base: Total (3,879), UAE (508), Saudi Arabia (1,160), Qatar (136), Kuwait (140), Bahrain (50), Oman (60), Lebanon (79), Jordan (265), Egypt (1,002), Morocco (140), Algeria (257), Tunisia (60)
Perception of salaries in the country Q. In general, are salaries increasing or decreasing in your country of residence? On a positive note, four out of ten believe that salaries are increasing in their country of residence. Base: Total (3,879), UAE (508), Saudi Arabia (1,160), Qatar (136), Kuwait (140), Bahrain (50), Oman (60), Lebanon (79), Jordan (265), Egypt (1,002), Morocco (140), Algeria (257), Tunisia (60)
Factors causing salaries to increase Q. Which of these factors in your opinion are causing salaries to increase in your country of residence? Among those who think salaries are increasing, 42% believe that inflation/rise in cost of living are the reasons for this rise, while 22% attribute it to good corporate performance and another 22% attribute it to the growth in opportunities. Total UAE Saudi Arabia Qatar Kuwait Jordan Egypt Morocco Algeria Tunisia Inflation/rise in cost of living 42 32 31 30 29 40 57 15 48 57 Good corporate performance/ increased profitability 22 33 26 12 24 20 18 19 20 9 Growth in opportunities and economic growth in my country of residence 22 28 25 33 25 17 17 32 17 20 Economic growth and rising salaries in other countries 16 26 18 19 17 11 12 17 14 14 Intense competition for attracting/ retaining talent 15 19 16 12 27 15 12 11 18 14 Pay rises in public sector 14 17 12 14 17 12 10 19 29 20 Removal of NOC clause/ Greater flexibility to switch jobs 6 10 8 23 3 3 4 6 4 - Other (please specify) 2 1 1 4-2 2 2 1 2 Don t know/ not sure 15 10 16 9 30 26 14 26 10 7 *Data for Bahrain, Oman and Lebanon not shown due to small base Base: Total (3,879), UAE (508), Saudi Arabia (1,160), Qatar (136), Kuwait (140), Bahrain (50), Oman (60), Lebanon (79), Jordan (265), Egypt (1,002), Morocco (140), Algeria (257), Tunisia (60)
Factors causing salaries not to increase Q. Which of these factors do you think are causing salaries to not increase sufficiently in your country? Of those who believe that salaries are either decreasing or staying the same in their country of residence, 54% blame the poor economy, while approximately one-third attribute it to employer-friendly laws. Total UAE Saudi Arabia Qatar Kuwait Lebanon Jordan Egypt Morocco Algeria Poor economy 54 32 49 45 45 71 64 73 24 66 Employer-friendly laws 36 19 38 36 27 33 37 38 64 31 Poor corporate performance/ decreased profitability There is more top talent than top jobs in local recruitment market 28 33 31 23 46 29 24 24 14 27 13 19 13 14 18 12 22 12 11 8 Tax-free environment in GCC countries 6 8 8 9 6 7 6 3 3 - Don t know/ not sure/ not applicable 16 23 18 19 13 10 15 9 21 10 *Data for Bahrain, Oman and Tunisia not shown due to small base Base: Those who think salaries are decreasing/ remain the same (2,057), UAE (216), Saudi Arabia (737), Qatar (64), Kuwait (67), Lebanon (42), Jordan (156), Egypt (460), Morocco (80), Algeria (157)
Skills/labor supply status in country of residence Q. Which of the following exists in your country of residence? A quarter believe that there is a skills shortage in their country of residence. This belief is less prominent among Levant residents. Base: Total (3,879), UAE (508), Saudi Arabia (1,160), Qatar (136), Kuwait (140), Bahrain (50), Oman (60), Lebanon (79), Jordan (265), Egypt (1,002), Morocco (140), Algeria (257), Tunisia (60)
Section 2f DRIVERS OF LOYALTY
Summary 39% claim that their loyalty to their company is not linked to the salary they receive. This is significantly lower among GCC respondents where loyalty seems to be more linked to salary. Besides salary, the line manager (33%), opportunities for career advancement (33%), the nature of daily responsibilities (32%), training and development opportunities (32%), fun office environment (32%) and colleagues (31%) also drive loyalty.
Loyalty towards the company linked to salary Q. To what extent is your loyalty to your company directly linked to the salary you receive? 39% claim that their loyalty to their company is not linked to the salary they receive. This is significantly lower among GCC respondents where loyalty seems to be more linked to salary. Base: Total (3,879), UAE (508), Saudi Arabia (1,160), Qatar (136), Kuwait (140), Bahrain (50), Oman (60), Lebanon (79), Jordan (265), Egypt (1,002), Morocco (140), Algeria (257), Tunisia (60)
Loyalty towards the company linked to other variables Q. What other variables most strongly drive your loyalty to the company besides salary? Besides salary, the line manager (33%), opportunities for career advancement (33%), the nature of daily responsibilities (32%), training and development opportunities (32%), fun office environment (32%) and colleagues (31%) also drive loyalty. Total UAE Saudi Qatar Kuwait Bahrain Oman Lebanon Jordan Egypt Morocco Algeria Tunisia Arabia My line manager 33 26 38 29 35 30 23 27 37 37 16 23 30 Opportunities for career advancement 33 34 33 33 28 26 22 35 34 36 16 27 45 The nature of my daily responsibilities 32 33 33 32 31 38 30 28 29 35 27 28 27 Training and development opportunities 32 27 34 34 34 26 17 28 32 34 24 29 43 Fun office environment 32 25 35 28 25 16 32 24 36 33 21 28 35 My colleagues 31 26 31 27 32 28 23 25 34 37 22 29 25 Senior management 24 24 29 28 21 22 20 18 24 26 11 11 18 The company brand and reputation 23 25 23 25 30 16 25 27 24 26 13 12 25 Physical location of my workplace 22 20 21 15 11 18 12 22 21 28 14 23 17 Opportunities to travel 15 13 13 18 11 8 8 15 15 19 9 12 18 Other 4 4 3 5 6 6 7 5 4 4 6 4 - Don t know can t say 8 10 7 7 6 10 17 9 8 6 13 9 5 Base: Total (3,879), UAE (508), Saudi Arabia (1,160), Qatar (136), Kuwait (140), Bahrain (50), Oman (60), Lebanon (79), Jordan (265), Egypt (1,002), Morocco (140), Algeria (257), Tunisia (60)
Section 2g END OF SERVICE BENEFITS AND OVERTIME
Summary 40% state that their company offers end-of-service gratuity. This benefit is offered more in the GCC (58%), where the expatriate working population is larger. On the other hand, pension on retirement is higher in the Levant (20%) and North Africa (26%), as compared to the GCC (12%). 62% of respondents claim that their company does not pay for overtime. Working overtime without pay seems to be more common in Lebanon (77%) in comparison to other MENA countries.
End of service benefits Q. Which of the following end of service benefits does your company presently offer all its employees? 40% state that their company offers end-of-service gratuity. This benefit is offered more in the GCC (58%), where the expatriate working population is larger. On the other hand, pension on retirement is higher in the Levant (20%) and North Africa (26%), as compared to the GCC (12%). Total UAE Saudi Arabia Qatar Kuwait Bahrain Oman Lebanon Jordan Egypt Morocco Algeria Tunisia End of service gratuity 40 63 56 66 59 36 35 23 17 22 15 19 23 Pension on retirement 18 10 14 7 6 22 13 23 18 19 23 53 33 Others 8 7 9 7 13 4 13 11 8 9 9 7 2 None of the above 40 24 29 22 24 46 40 52 62 57 61 32 52 Base: Total (3,879), UAE (508), Saudi Arabia (1,160), Qatar (136), Kuwait (140), Bahrain (50), Oman (60), Lebanon (79), Jordan (265), Egypt (1,002), Morocco (140), Algeria (257), Tunisia (60)
Pay for overtime Q. Does your company pay for overtime? 62% of respondents claim that their company does not pay for overtime. Working overtime without pay seems to be more common in Lebanon (77%) in comparison to other MENA countries. Base: Total (3,879), UAE (508), Saudi Arabia (1,160), Qatar (136), Kuwait (140), Bahrain (50), Oman (60), Lebanon (79), Jordan (265), Egypt (1,002), Morocco (140), Algeria (257), Tunisia (60)
Section 2h INVESTMENTS AND HOME OWNERSHIP
Summary Only 14% make financial investments regularly, and it is higher in the GCC (16%), especially in the UAE, Qatar and Oman (all at 23%). Among those who invest, 26% do so in their own business. Close to a fourth (23%) eat out on a daily basis. Rent and food/ dining out are the top monthly expenses (both at 28%). Rent is particularly high in the GCC (37% vs. 28% in the Levant and 17% in North Africa). A third owns a home in the MENA. Home ownership is higher in Egypt (49%). Half of respondents who do not own a home would like to purchase one in their country of residence, while 53% would want it to be located in their home country.
Regularly make financial investments* Q. Do you regularly make financial investments? *By regularly we mean at least once a month. Only 14% make financial investments regularly, and it is higher in the GCC (16%), especially in the UAE, Qatar and Oman (all at 23%). Among those who invest, 26% do so in their own business. Base: Total (3,879), UAE (508), Saudi Arabia (1,160), Qatar (136), Kuwait (140), Bahrain (50), Oman (60), Lebanon (79), Jordan (265), Egypt (1,002), Morocco (140), Algeria (257), Tunisia (60)
Investment products Q. Which of the following products do you invest in? Please select all that apply. Among respondents who invest regularly, 26% do so in their own business. Total UAE Saudi Arabia Qatar Egypt Algeria Own business 26 21 28 16 32 33 Property (local) 12 7 18 13 12 10 Gold 12 15 11 16 11 10 Savings certificates 12 12 12 10 17 - Stocks 12 11 19 6 6 10 Insurance plus investment plans 9 11 8 13 8 3 Property (regional) 8 8 8 19 6 5 Property (international) 8 13 11 6 3 - Jewellery 6 8 7 6 5 5 Mutual funds (international) 5 7 6 3 4 5 Mutual funds (local) 5 7 4 3 3 3 Bonds 5 6 6 3 2 3 Mutual funds (regional) 4 5 5 3 2 - Other 17 15 19 6 15 25 None of the above 16 13 13 23 14 13 *Data for Kuwait, Bahrain, Oman, Lebanon, Jordan, Morocco and Tunisia not shown due to small base Base: Those who invest regularly (539), UAE (119), Saudi Arabia (145), Qatar (31), Egypt (), Morocco (109), Algeria (40)
Frequency of eating out Q. How often do you eat out? Close to a fourth of respondents (23%) eat out on a daily basis. Base: Total (3,879), UAE (508), Saudi Arabia (1,160), Qatar (136), Kuwait (140), Bahrain (50), Oman (60), Lebanon (79), Jordan (265), Egypt (1,002), Morocco (140), Algeria (257), Tunisia (60)
Top-ranked monthly expenses Q. Please rank the following items from 1 to 3, where 1 is the item on which you spend the most on. Rent and food/ dining out are the top monthly expenses (both at 28%). Rent is particularly high in the GCC (37% vs. 28% in the Levant and 17% in North Africa). Total UAE Saudi Arabia Qatar Kuwait Bahrain Oman Lebanon Jordan Egypt Morocco Algeria Tunisia Rent 28 46 31 43 55 28 22 23 29 15 29 13 25 Food / Dining out 28 15 29 26 13 26 18 18 22 38 28 34 22 Education / Children's schooling / Books 11 10 10 13 11 18 12 15 10 15 7 6 8 Transportation 9 7 7 4 4 6 12 10 17 9 7 11 10 Health/ Medical bills 7 5 5 3 5 6 3 8 6 9 11 13 13 Clothing 4 5 3 4 1 2 3 3 8 5 5 7 7 Investment (property, stocks, insurance, etc.) 3 3 4 1 3 4 13 9 0 3 2 4 2 Entertainment/ Traveling 3 4 4 3 2 4 8 5 3 2 3 2 5 Electronics 3 2 3 1 3 2 2 4 2 2 4 5 5 Exercise/ Fitness 2 2 2 1 2 4 7 6 2 2 4 4 2 Furniture 1 1 1 1 1 - - - 2 1 1 1 2 Base: Total (3,879), UAE (508), Saudi Arabia (1,160), Qatar (136), Kuwait (140), Bahrain (50), Oman (60), Lebanon (79), Jordan (265), Egypt (1,002), Morocco (140), Algeria (257), Tunisia (60)
Home ownership Q. Do you own a home? One third of respondents report that they own a home. Home ownership is higher in Egypt (49%). Base: Total (3,879), UAE (508), Saudi Arabia (1,160), Qatar (136), Kuwait (140), Bahrain (50), Oman (60), Lebanon (79), Jordan (265), Egypt (1,002), Morocco (140), Algeria (257), Tunisia (60)
Interest in owning a home Q. Would you like to own a home? Half of respondents who do not own a home would like to purchase one in their country of residence, while 53% would want it to be located in their home country. Total UAE Saudi Arabia Qatar Kuwait Bahrain Oman Lebanon Jordan Egypt Morocco Algeria Tunisia Yes, in my country of residence 50 43 51 32 23 49 39 48 54 58 49 60 49 Yes, in my home country 53 64 54 65 79 62 56 42 46 45 49 40 65 Yes, in another country 13 13 9 19 12 8 2 17 13 13 14 33 14 No 2 1 2 1 2 3 5 2 3 2 2 1 - Don t know/ Can t say 3 2 2 1-3 2 8 3 3 2 2 5 Base: Those who do not own a home (2,593), UAE (346), Saudi Arabia (864), Qatar (78), Kuwait (90), Bahrain (37), Oman (41), Lebanon (52), Jordan (197), Egypt (512), Morocco (125), Algeria (192), Tunisia (43)
Section 3 DEMOGRAPHICS
Respondent Profile Gender Male 84% Female 16% Age 18-24 9% 25-34 56% 35-44 25% 45+ 10% Nationality group Gulf 15% Levant 15% North African 51% Westerner 1% Asian 14% Other 4% Main earner Yes 72% No 28% Base: Total (3,879)
Respondent Profile Base: Total (3,879) Other: 10%
Thank You