I am is a matching game where students read out the characteristics of a person, place, or event and is matched with another student. I am is a review game where students get an opportunity to speak, listen, and read at the same time they develop their vocabulary of the discipline. Why? How? What? The I am is broken down into different series. On the template, all four cards per page are matched. Run off the cards front to back so that the picture on the front corresponds with the name on the back. Separate and organize the cards. Have students stand in a circle. Distribute one card to each student. Depending on the size of the class, you will have left-over cards that can be placed on a table in the middle of the room, spread out. If a matching card is not with a student, then you can have a student go to the table to find the match. (Or a student who knows what the match is) Have one student read the bottom portion on the back side of the card out loud. As an alternative, have the student read one bullet at a time and pause to give the match a chance to identify him/herself. After the student has finished reading, the student with the match must come forward. Allocate sufficient time for the match to come forward. If no match is found, the person to the left of the reader must guess on who it is. If the person on the left cannot correctly guess then it passes on to the next person on the left and continues until the match is correctly identified. If the match is in the circle, then have the match what is on the bottom of his/her card and the game continues. If the match is on the Desk Pile, then the original reader finds that card and reads what is on the back of the match and the game continues. When? This is a good strategy when examining/reviewing vocabulary at the end of a unit of study or for a semester/full-year review. Page I- 3
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Rosa Parks Civil Rights Movement Movement in the United States beginning in the 1960s to establish equal rights for African Americans which spread out to other ethnicities. An amendment to the Constitution of the United States adopted in 1920; guarantees that no state can deny the right to vote on the basis of sex 19th amendment Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Civil rights leader and Baptist minister who campaigned against the segregation of Blacks (1929-1968) United States civil rights leader who refused to give up her seat on a bus to a white man in Montgomery (Alabama) and so triggered the national Civil Rights movement Page I- 5
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I Have a Dream Letter from Birmingham Jail Written by Martin Luther King Jr., that letter defends the strategy of nonviolent resistance to racism, arguing that people have a moral responsibility to break unjust laws. The process of ending the separation of two groups usually referring to races. This is most commonly used in reference to the United States. Desegregation Civil Rights Act of 1957 The law that prohibits intimidating, coercing or otherwise interfering with the rights of persons to vote for the President and members of Congress. Speech by Martin Luther King Jr., in which he called for racial equality and an end to discrimination. Page I- 7
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Lester Maddox Civil Rights acts of 1964 The legislation that outlawed racial segregation in the United States. Former governor of Alabama who opposed the desegregation of the University of Alabama George Wallace Orval Faubus Former governor of Arkansas who opposed the desegregation of Arkansas public schools, most known for his protests against the integration of Little Rock Central High School. He campaigned hard for states' rights and maintained a segregationist stance while in office. Upon the death of Martin Luther King, Jr., he denied the slain civil rights leader the honor of lying in state in the Georgia state capitol Page I- 9
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Congressional bloc status quo Means no change - keep things as they are Decision of the United States Supreme Court that declared state laws establishing separate public schools for black and white students and denying black children equal educational opportunities unconstitutional. Brown v. Board of Education Sweatt v. Painter Supreme Court case that successfully challenged the "separate but equal" doctrine of racial segregation established by the 1896 case Plessy v. Ferguson. (Civil Rights Movement) Group of Congressional representatives from Southern states who attempted to delay or deny national civil rights legislation Page I- 11
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lobbying non-violent protesting To protest against law/political action through the use of passive-resistance / resisting without the use of violence. The process of taking legal action litigation Thurgood Marshall American jurist who argued the Brown v. Board of Education case before the Supreme Court - First African American to serve on the Supreme Court Seek to influence (a politician or public official) on an issue Page I- 13
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Billy Graham 1968 In U.S. History, the year of the assassination of Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. in Memphis, Tennessee Hispanic labor leader who launched a boycott of grapes in the 1960s as a way of forcing better treatment of migrant farm workers. His work established the United Farm Workers union César Chavez Hector P. Garcia Mexican-American physician, surgeon, World War II veteran, civil rights advocate, and founder of the American G.I. Forum. American Christian evangelist who spoke out against communism and for civil rights Page I- 15
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Betty Friedan Black Panthers African-American revolutionary leftwing organization working for the selfdefense for black people. It was active in the United States from the mid-1960s into the 1970s. Legislation in the United States that outlawed discriminatory voting practices that had been responsible for the widespread disenfranchisement of African Americans in the U.S. Voting Rights Act of 1965 Mendez v. Westminster 1946 federal court case that challenged racial segregation in Orange County, California schools. United States feminist who founded a national organization for women Page I- 17
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Hernandez v. Texas Delgado v. Bastrop I.S.D. Court decision which declared the segregation of Mexican American students unconstitutional but upheld the separation of students in different classrooms on a campus Supreme Court ruled that the school funding system created by the Texas legislature was unequal and a violation of the Texas Constitution. The ruling demanded Texas create an equitable funding systems for all school districts. Edgewood I.S.D. v. Kirby Tinker v. Des Moines United States Supreme Court that defined the constitutional rights of students in U.S. public schools. The Tinker test is still used by courts today to determine whether a school's disciplinary actions violate students' First Amendment rights. United States Supreme Court case that decided that Mexican Americans and all other racial groups in the United States had equal protection under the 14th Amendment of the U.S. Constitution. Page I- 19
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Wisconsin v. Yoder White v. Regester During the redrawing of state district boundaries, the Supreme Court found that the Texas Legislature had drawn political boundaries to nullify (cancel) voting power of African-American and Mexican-American citizens within those boundaries and declared them unconstitutional Prohibits both Congress and the states from conditioning the right to vote in federal elections on payment of a poll tax or other types of tax. 24th Amendment 26th Amendment Amendment (Amendment XXVI) to the United States Constitution standardized the voting age to 18. It was adopted in response to student activism against the Vietnam War. United States Supreme Court found that Amish children could not be placed under compulsory education past 8th grade, as it violated their parents' fundamental right to freedom of religion. Page I- 21
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Phyllis Schlafly Great Society A domestic program in the administration of President Lyndon B. Johnson that instituted federally sponsored social welfare programs An action or policy favoring those who tend to suffer from discrimination, esp. in relation to employment or education Affirmative Action Title IX An amendment to the Higher Education Act of 1972, prohibits discrimination based on gender at any school, college or university in the United States. American conservative political activist and constitutional attorney known for her opposition to feminism and the Equal Rights Amendment. Page I- 23
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