AP U.S. History Unit 5 Exam Name: Date: Choose the best of the answers given 1. President Polk's claim that American blood [had been shed] on the American soil referred to news of an armed clash between Mexican and American troops near A) San Francisco. B) the Nueces River. C) Santa Fe. D) the Rio Grande. E) San Antonio. 2. The nomination of James K. Polk as the Democrats' 1844 presidential candidate was secured by A) southern expansionists. B) anti-texas southerners. C) Henry Clay. D) eastern business interests. E) proslavery forces. 3. The President above was best known for bringing Oregon and the Mexican cession into the U.S. His name is A) John Tyler B) James K Polk C) Zachary Taylor D) Millard Fillmore E) Franklin Pierce Page 1
4. The clash between Preston S. Brooks and Charles Sumner revealed A) the seriousness of political divisions in the North. B) the importance of honor to northerners. C) despite divisions over slavery, the House of Representatives would unite to expel a member for bad conduct. D) passions over slavery were becoming dangerously inflamed in both North and South. E) the division between the House and the Senate over slavery. 5. The man above is known as the great compromiser for his efforts during the Compromises of 1820 and 1850. His name is A) John C. Calhoun B) Stephen Douglass C) Daniel Webster D) Henry Clay E) Abraham Lincoln 6. President James Buchanan's decision on Kansas's Lecompton Constitution A) hopelessly divided the Democratic party. B) admitted Kansas to the Union as a free state. C) admitted Kansas to the Union as a slave state. D) reaffirmed the Democratic party as a national party. E) turned the focus of controversy to Nebraska. 7. In 1848, the Free Soil party platform advocated all of the following except A) support of the Wilmot Proviso. B) federal aid for internal improvements. C) free government homesteads for settlers. D) opposition to slavery in the territories. E) giving women the right to vote. Page 2
8. The Fugitive Slave Law included all of the following provisions except A) the requirement that fugitive slaves be returned from Canada. B) denial of a jury trial to runaway slaves. C) denial of fleeing slaves' right to testify on their own behalf. D) the penalty of imprisonment for northerners who helped slaves to escape. E) a higher payment if officials determined blacks to be runaways. 9. In 1846 the United States went to war with Mexico for all of the following reasons except A) the ideology of Manifest Destiny. B) the deaths of American soldiers at the hands of Mexicans. C) the desire to gain payment for damage claims against the Mexican government. D) to take over Mexico's large slave population E) Polk's desire to acquire California. 10. Abraham Lincoln opposed the Crittenden Compromise because A) it allowed the doctrine of popular sovereignty to be overridden once statehood was achieved. B) it permitted slavery in Utah territory. C) its adoption might provoke Kentucky to leave the Union. D) he felt bound by President Buchanan's earlier rejection of it. E) he opposed the expansion of slavery. 11. The shaded area shown above came through the A) Compromise of 1850 B) Crittenden Compromise C) Ostend Manifesto D) Gadsden Purchase E) Election of 1860 Page 3
12. The battle of the Alamo is related to which of the following? A) the Mexican American War B) the admission of Texas to the Union C) the creation of the Republic of Texas D) the Mexican cession E) the Gadsden Purchase 13. As a result of the Lincoln-Douglas debates, A) Lincoln was elected to the Senate. B) Lincoln's national stature was diminished. C) Douglas increased his chances of winning the presidency. D) Illinois rejected the concept of popular sovereignty. E) Douglas defeated Lincoln for the Senate. 14. The Free Soilers argued that slavery A) was unsuited to the West. B) would cause more costly wage labor to wither away. C) would, through its profits, enable small farmers to buy more land. D) should be gradually abolished. E) an immoral institution. 15. In the Oregon treaty with Britain in 1846, the northern boundary of the United States was established to the Pacific Ocean along the line of A) 42º. B) 52º 40'. C) 54º 40'. D) 36º 30'. E) 49º. 16. Stephen A. Douglas's plans for deciding the slavery question in the Kansas-Nebraska scheme required repeal of the A) Compromise of 1850. B) Fugitive Slave Act. C) Wilmot Proviso. D) Northwest Ordinance. E) Missouri Compromise. Page 4
17. The debate over slavery in the Mexican Cession A) threatened to split national politics along North-South lines. B) nearly resulted in the return of the territory to Mexico. C) resulted in the formation of the Republican party. D) resulted in strong hostility to further expansionism. E) led to the extension of the 36' 30" line all the way to the Pacific 18. A scheme to acquire Cuba from Spain in the 1850's was known as the A) Clayton-Bulwer Treaty. B) Wilmot Proviso. C) Kansas-Nebraska Act. D) Gadsden Purchase. E) Ostend Manifesto. 19. In the Compromise of 1850, Congress determined that slavery in the New Mexico and Utah territories was A) to be banned. B) protected by federal law. C) to be decided by popular sovereignty. D) to be ignored until either territory applied for admission to statehood. E) to be decided by the Supreme Court. 20. An event which helped the cause of compromise in 1850, was when President Zachary Taylor A) led an invasion of Texas to halt its attempts to take part of New Mexico. B) supported fellow southerner John C. Calhoun's plan for union. C) died suddenly and Millard Fillmore became president. D) ushered in a second Era of Good Feelings. E) decided not to run for re-election. 21. Secessionists supported leaving the Union because of all of the following EXCEPT A) they were dismayed by the success of the Republican party. B) they believed that the North would not oppose their departure. C) the political balance seemed to be tipping against them. D) they were tired of abolitionist attacks. E) they saw better economic benefits with England than with the north Page 5
22. Which of the following states saw the above poster appear in December 1860? A) Tennessee B) Kentucky C) Virginia D) North Carolina E) South Carolina 23. In the 1840s, the view that God had ordained the growth of an American nation stretching across North America was called A) continentalism. B) isolationism. C) anglophobia. D) Divine Mandate. E) Manifest Destiny. 24. In its order of secession, South Carolina used all of the following EXCEPT A) The Bible B) Nullification C) Property rights D) Article 4 of the Constitution E) States' Rights Page 6
25. In what year did the election represented above occur? A) 1844 B) 1848 C) 1852 D) 1856 E) 1860 26. The election of 1852 was significant because it A) saw the victory of a pro-south northerner. B) marked the return of issues-oriented campaigning. C) saw the rise of purely national parties. D) marked the end of the Whig party. E) saw the emergence of an antislavery third party. 27. One argument against annexing Texas to the United States was that the annexation A) could involve the country in a series of ruinous wars in America and Europe. B) might give more power to the supporters of slavery. C) was not supported by the people of Texas. D) offered little of political or economic value to America. E) would lead to tensions and possible war with the British. 28. The Wilmot Proviso, introduced into Congress during the Mexican War, declared that A) Mexican territory would not be annexed to the United States. B) slavery would be banned from all territories that Mexico ceded to the United States. C) the United States should annex all of Mexico. D) the United States should have to pay Mexico a financial indemnity for having provoked the war. E) slavery in the territories would be determined by popular sovereignty. Page 7
29. In 1850, rebuffed as buyers, some Southern adventurers undertook to shake the tree of Manifest Destiny by attempting to seize by force. A) Panama. B) Nicaragua. C) Cuba. D) Hawaii. E) the Dominican Republic. 30. The largest single addition to American territory was A) the Louisiana Purchase. B) the Mexican Cession. C) the Oregon Country. D) the Old Northwest. E) Alaska. 31. The situation in Kansas in the mid-1850s indicated the impracticality of in the territories. A) abolitionism B) free soil C) popular sovereignty D) slavery E) cotton growing 32. The painting above is best represented by which of the following events? A) The Oregon Trail B) Compromise of 1850 C) Election of 1860 D) Secession of South Carolina E) Kansas-Nebraska Act Page 8
33. The Lecompton Constitution proposed that the state of Kansas A) be free of all slavery. B) hold a popular referendum on slavery. C) be controlled by the free-soilers if approved. D) allow slavery but prohibit slave auctions. E) protect slave owners already in Kansas. 34. After John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry, the South concluded that A) the raid was an isolated incident. B) the U.S. army could not protect slavery. C) Brown should be put in an insane asylum. D) Brown had been attempting to defend his right to own slaves. E) the North was dominated by Brown-loving Republicans. 35. According to the principle of popular sovereignty, the question of slavery in the territories would be determined by A) the most popular national leaders. B) a national referendum. C) congressional legislation. D) a Supreme Court decision. E) the people in any given territory. 36. For a majority of northerners, the most outrageous part of the Supreme Court's ruling in the Dred Scott case was A) that as a slave Scott had no right to sue in federal court. B) that Scott did not automatically become free when his owner took him through free states and territories. C) that Congress had never had the power to prohibit slavery in any territory. D) that slaveowners had the right to flood into territories so as to control popular sovereignty. E) that the Bill of Rights did not apply even to free African Americans. 37. The terms of the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo ending the Mexican War included A) a guarantee of the rights of Mexicans living in New Mexico. B) United States annexation of all the territory south of the Rio Grande. C) the banning of slavery from all territory ceded to the United States. D) a requirement that Mexico pay $3.25 million in damages to the United States. E) United States payment of $15 million for the cession of northern Mexico. Page 9
38. Which of the following coined the term Manifest Destiny? A) James K. Polk B) John L. O'Sullivan C) Henry Clay D) Zachary Taylor E) Franklin Pierce 39. The man above benefited from the strength of the Know Nothing Party. A) James K. Polk B) Millard Fillmore C) Franklin Pierce D) James Buchanan E) Stephen Douglas His name was 40. The public liked popular sovereignty because it A) stopped the spread of slavery. B) fit in with the democratic tradition of self-determination. C) provided a national solution to the problem of slavery. D) supported the Wilmot Proviso. E) upheld the principles of white supremacy. 41. The fatal split in the Whig party in 1852 occurred over A) the nomination of General Winfield Scott or Daniel Webster. B) slavery. C) the Gadsden Purchase. D) homestead laws. E) the transcontinental railroad route. Page 10
42. Arrange in chronological order the United States' acquisition of (A) Oregon, (B) Texas, (C) California. A) A, B, C B) C, B, A C) B, A, C D) B, C, A E) A, C, B 43. In his quest for California, President James K. Polk A) advocated war with Mexico from the beginning. B) argued strongly for annexation, because Americans were the most numerous people in the area. C) was motivated by his knowledge of gold deposits there. D) sought British help to persuade Mexico to sell the area to the United States. E) first advocated buying the area from Mexico. 44. Stephen A. Douglas proposed that the question of slavery in the Kansas- Nebraska Territory be decided by A) popular sovereignty. B) making Kansas a free territory and Nebraska a slave territory. C) the Supreme Court. D) admitting California, Kansas, and Nebraska to the Union as free states. E) the winner of the next presidential election. 45. The map above relates to which of the following? A) The admission of Missouri to the Union B) Compromise of 1850 C) The effort to build a northern route of the transcontinental railroad D) Dred Scott Case E) The admission of California to the Union Page 11
46. Those people most opposed to President James K. Polk's expansionist program were the A) western Democrats. B) antislavery forces. C) Senate Democrats. D) supporters of Nicholas P. Trist. E) proslavery Whigs. 47. Texas was annexed to the United States as a result of A) Senate approval of the Treaty of Annexation. B) President Tyler's personal desire to help his troubled administration. C) a presidential order by Andrew Jackson. D) the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo. E) a compromise to admit free-state Iowa at the same time. 48. Arrange these events in chronological order: (A) Dred Scott decision, (B) Lincoln- Douglas debates, (C) Kansas-Nebraska Act, (D) Harpers Ferry raid. A) A, C, B, D B) B, D, C, A C) C, A, B, D D) D, B, A, C E) A, C, D, B 49. In Bleeding Kansas in the mid-1850s, was/were identified with the proslavery element, and was/were associated with the antislavery free-soilers. A) Beecher's Bibles; border ruffians B) John Brown; Preston Brooks C) the Pottawatomie massacre; the sack of Lawrence D) the Lecompton Constitution; Beecher's Bibles E) Stephen A. Douglas; William Sumner 50. The most alarming aspect of the Compromise of 1850 to northerners was the decision concerning A) slavery in the District of Columbia. B) slavery in the New Mexico and Utah territories. C) the new Fugitive Slave Law. D) settlement of the Texas-New Mexico boundary dispute. E) continuation of the interstate slave trade. Page 12
51. Most Americans who migrated to the Oregon Country were attracted by the A) rich soil of the Willamette River Valley. B) expectation of fighting British troops. C) potential profits in the fur trade. D) discovery of gold and silver in the Cascade Mountains. E) hope of finding a better trade route to East Asia. 52. "I say to you that there is but one hope, one safety for this country, and that is to stand immovably by that principle which declares the right of each State and each Territory to decide these questions for themselves." Which of the following men said the above quote? A) Abraham Lincoln B) Henry Clay C) John C. Clay D) Stephen Douglas E) Frederick Douglass 53. Match each candidate in the 1856 election below with the correct party. A. John C. Frémont 1. Democratic B. Millard Fillmore 2. Republican C. Martin Van Buren 3. Know-Nothing D. James Buchanan A) A-2, B-3, C-1 B) B-1, C-2, D-3 C) A-2, B-3, D-1 D) A-3, C-1, D-2 E) A-1, B-3, C-2 54. In his raid on Harpers Ferry, John Brown intended to A) cause a slave rebellion. B) discredit abolitionists. C) force the North and South to compromise on the slavery issue. D) make Kansas a free state. E) overthrow the federal government. Page 13
55. I... am now quite certain that the crimes of this guilty land will never be purged away but with Blood. Who said the quote above? A) Abraham Lincoln B) Frederick Douglas C) Henry David Thoreau D) John Brown E) Jefferson Davis Page 14
Answer Key 1. D 2. A 3. B 4. D 5. D 6. A 7. E 8. A 9. D 10. E 11. D 12. C 13. E 14. B 15. E 16. E 17. A 18. E 19. C 20. C 21. E 22. E 23. E 24. A 25. E 26. D 27. B 28. B 29. C 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. E 34. E 35. E 36. C 37. E 38. B 39. D 40. B 41. B 42. C 43. E 44. A Page 15
45. C 46. B 47. B 48. C 49. D 50. C 51. A 52. D 53. C 54. A 55. D Page 16