President James Monroe Elected in 1816 (Democratic- Republican [Republican]) Two Terms: 1816-1824 Era of Good Feelings Monroe Doctrine
John Quincy Adams Monroe s Secretary of State Architect of the Monroe Doctrine Wide experience in international politics Brilliant thinker and politician Son of 2nd president, John Adams and future president (1824-1828)
Treaties w/ John Quincy Adams 1817 - Rush-Bagot Agreement Limited naval armament on Great Lakes Established unfortified boundary with Canada 1818 - British American Convention Established the US-Canadian border along the 49th parallel Signaled better relations with the British and British Canada 1819 - Adams-Onis Treaty (Florida Land Purchase) Andrew Jackson attacked raiders from Florida Spain ceded Florida to the US Western boundary w/ Spain settled (New Spain) Spain nearly done as a colonial power Mexican Revolution of 1821 would oust Spanish rule and establish Mexican independence.
The West and Northwest, 1819-1824
JQ Adams - Treaties
U.S.-British Boundary Settlement, 1818
Rush-Bagot Treaty Naval Disarmament Treaty with Britain -- negotiated by JQ Adams US and Great Britain also agree to joint-occupation of the Oregon Territory for the next 10 years
The Southeast, 1810-1819
The Monroe Doctrine 1823 (Sec. Of State - John Quincy Adams) No more European colonization in Western Hemisphere US dominance of Western Hemisphere established
The Monroe Doctrine QuickTime and a Sorenson Video 3 decompressor are needed to see this picture.
Implications in the Western Hemisphere US dominance until the present US role in Latin American affairs European direct influence limited
Nationalism (Cultural and Political) and the Era of Good Feelings Star-Spangled Banner (1814 Francis Scott Key) Basically a one-party system (Democratic-Republicans) Solidified American expansion and borders Secured US as a respected nation Growth of a national economy Webster s school speller Various paintings of Revolutionary War heroes, etc.
Supreme Court Nationalism JOHN MARSHALL COURT continually supports the power of the federal government over the states Why? He is a FEDERALIST Marbury v. Madison established the principle of judicial review (constitutional vs. unconstitutional) [Judiciary Act of 1789]
Supreme Court Nationalism McCulloch v. Maryland - State of Maryland sued the Bank of the United States in Baltimore for taxes court ruled that states could not impose taxes on federal government Gibbons v. Ogden New York gave a monopoly on ferry service across the Hudson River court ruled that a state did not have that power only the federal government regulates INTERstate commerce.
Supreme Court Nationalism Martin v. Hunter s Lessee Supreme Court has authority over state courts in civil matters of federal law deals with land ownership (Denny Martin in VA was a Loyalist) Dartmouth v. Woodward Privacy of contracts are protected by the federal government
The Era of Good Feelings QuickTime and a Sorenson Video 3 decompressor are needed to see this picture.
Economic Nationalism Tariff of 1816 - high tariff rates to protect US industry American System proposed by Henry Clay and John Calhoun Panic of 1819 2nd Bank of US (BUS) - tighter money supply State banks closed = money deflated (lost value) Hardest hit was the WEST Changed politics Political changes as a result of economic changes: Changes in old Republican Party (Jefferson s Democratic- Republicans) Federalist party = Dead Splits emerge in (Jeffersonian) Republican party based on regional differences
Evolution of Major Parties
Panic of 1819 QuickTime and a Sorenson Video 3 decompressor are needed to see this picture.
The American System (Henry Clay) Henry Clay proposed an American System which called for: Protective tariffs National bank Internal (transportation and infrastructural improvements Not a formal document or plan Tariff and bank were in place. National leaders differed on the spending of federal money on road-building and other improvements
Missouri Statehood Missouri - applied for statehood in 1819 Balance of free and slave states in question Tallmadge Amendment - limited attempt ot eliminate slaver in MO - angered southern states Henry Clay (Kentucky) proposed a compromise: 1. MO Admitted as a slaveholding state 2. Maine Admitted as a free state Louisiana Territory - north of 36 30 N - slavery prohibited Monroe signed in 1820
The Missouri Compromise and Slavery, 1820-1821
The Missouri Compromise, 1820 1821 23
Map 9.3 The Missouri Compromise, 1820 1821 (p. 272)
The Missouri Compromise QuickTime and a Sorenson Video 3 decompressor are needed to see this picture.
Election of 1824 John Quincy Adams Henry Clay Andrew Jackson National Republican Whig Democrat
Corrupt Bargain Election Jackson 41% Electoral Vote Adams 31% Electoral Vote Clay 18% Electoral Vote NO ONE HAS A MAJORITY!!!! Election goes to House of Representatives Clay was Speaker of the House from Kentucky
Corrupt Bargain Election Clay threw his support as Speaker of the House behind John Quincy Adams Adams won in the House Clay was appointed to the office of Secretary of State Jacksonian Democrats cried foul play and corruption Clay wanted to be Secretary of State because that was the stepping stone office to the Presidency