Total Prison Population Alaska Data Analysis Part 1: Prison Drivers Presentation to the Alaska Criminal Justice Commission Thursday, June 18, 215 Summary Takeaways The prison population grew 27% in the last decade. Growth was seen in all inmate categories: o Pretrial population up 81% o Sentenced population up 14% o Supervision violator population up 15% More than half of Alaska s prison population is in for nonviolent offenses or supervision violations. Pretrial Inmate Population The number of pretrial defendants has increased 81% in the last decade. Half of pretrial defendants are detained on nonviolent charges, including misdemeanors. Fewer defendants are being admitted pretrial, but those admitted are staying longer. Sentenced Inmate Population The number of sentenced offenders increased 14% in the last decade. The most growth was seen in the number of violent and nonviolent felony offenders. Felony offenders are staying for longer periods of time, especially alcohol, public order, and sex offenders. Supervision Violator Population The number of supervision violators in prison grew 15% in the last decade. More offenders are entering prison both pre- and post-revocation than ten years ago, but staying for shorter periods of time. On average, supervision violators are staying in prison 33 days unsentenced and 16 days post-revocation. This analysis of Alaska Department of Corrections data was conducted for the Alaska Criminal Justice Commission by the public safety performance project of The Pew Charitable Trusts. Please direct questions to Terry Schuster (tschuster@pewtrusts.org) or Rachel Brushett (rbrushett@pewtrusts.org).
Alaska Data Analysis Part 1: Prison Drivers Alaska Criminal Justice Commission Anchorage, Alaska June 18, 215 ALASKA DATA ANALYSIS, PART I 1 1
Presentation Outline Crime and incarceration in Alaska Who is in Alaska s prisons? What s driving Alaska s prison growth? o Pretrial defendants up 81% in past decade o Sentenced offenders up 14% in past decade o Supervision violators up 15% in past decade Summary takeaways 2 Data Analyzed Alaska Department of Corrections Prison admissions, 25-214 Prison releases, 25-214 Snapshots of inmates in prison on July 1, 25-214 National Data Bureau of Justice Statistics, National Prisoner Series Federal Bureau of Investigation, Uniform Crime Reports United States Census Bureau 3 2
CRIME AND INCARCERATION IN ALASKA 4 Prison Population Up 27% in Last Decade 5,5 Alaska Prison Population, July 1, 25-214 5,267 5, 4,5 4,133 4, 3,5 3, 2,5 25 26 27 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 5 3
Resident Population Up 1% in Last Decade 8, Alaska Resident Population, 25-214 75, 7, 736,732 65, 6, 666,946 55, 5, 45, 4, 35, 3, 25 26 27 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 Source: U.S. Census Bureau 6 Prison Utilization Rate Up 13% 7 Prison Utilization Rate per 1, Residents, 25-214 687 692 68 66 64 642 665 653 636 656 672 667 62 612 6 58 56 25 26 27 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 ; US Census Bureau 7 4
Violent Crime Rate Dropped 5%, Property Crime Rate Dropped 2% 4, Alaska Crime Rates Per 1, Residents, 25-213 3,5 3, 2,5 2, 3,615 2,885 1,5 1, 5-632 63 25 26 27 28 29 21 211 212 213 Violent Crime Rate Property Crime Rate Source: FBI Uniform Crime Reports 8 WHO IS IN ALASKA S PRISONS? 9 5
Prison Population is Half Sentenced Offenders, Half Supervision Violators and Pretrial Defendants Prison Population on July 1, 214, by Status Supervision Violator 22% Sentenced 5% Pretrial 28% 1 More than Half of Prison Population is Nonviolent Inmates and Supervision Violators Prison Population on July 1, 214, by Offense Type Supervision Violator 22% Drug 7% Property 12% Alcohol 4% Sex 16% Public Order 6% Person 29% Other 4% 11 6
Minorities Disproportionately Confined State Population, 213 by Race/Ethnicity Hispanic 7% Black 4% Other 7% Hispanic 3% Prison Population on July 1, 214 by Race/Ethnicity Black 1% Other 5% Alaska Natives 15% White 67% Alaska Natives 36% White 46% and U.S. Census Bureau 12 In Past Decade, Most Growth in the 51 or Older Population 6, 5, Alaska Prison Population on July 1, 25 and 214, by Age Group 13% growth in 51 or older population 833 4, 3, 2, 1, - 41 1,89 1,139 1,278 1,7 994 557 947 985 25 214 51 or older 41-5 31-4 26-3 18-25 13 7
Female Inmates Growing in Proportion and Number Alaska Prison Population on July 1, 25, by Sex Alaska Prison Population on July 1, 214, by Sex Female 37 64% growth in female inmates Female 66 Male 3,763 Male 4,661 14 WHAT S DRIVING ALASKA S PRISON GROWTH? 15 8
Prison Population Up 27% in Last Decade 5,5 Alaska Prison Population, July 1, 25-214 5, 5,267 4,5 4, 4,133 3,5 3, 2,5 25 26 27 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 16 Largest Growth Among Pretrial Inmates 6, Alaska Prison Population on July 1,25 and 214, by Status 5, 1,161 4, 3, 2, 1, 1,13 817 2,33 1,479 2,627 25 214 Sentenced Pretrial Supervision Violator 17 9
Pretrial Population Pretrial Defendants Make Up 28% of Alaska s Prison Population Prison Population on July 1, 214, by Status Supervision Violators 1,161 Sentenced 2,627 Pretrial 1,479 18 Pretrial Population Number of Pretrial Defendants Up 81% in Last Decade Pretrial Detainees on July 1, 25-214 1,6 1,4 1,479 1,2 1, 8 6 817 4 2 25 26 27 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 19 1
Pretrial Population Half of Pretrial Defendants in on Nonviolent Charges Pretrial Detainees by Type, July 1, 214 Pretrial Detainees by Offense Category, July 1, 214 Alcohol 6% Violent 5% Nonviolent 5% Person 35% Sex 15% Drug 11% Property 15% Public Order 15% Other 3% 2 Pretrial Population Largest Growth Among Felony Defendants 1,6 Pretrial Detainees on July 1, 25 and 214, by Type 1,4 1,2 231 128 1, 8 6 167 76 55 Nonviolent Misd. Violent Misd. Nonviolent Felony Violent Felony 4 2 326 614 246 25 214 21 11
Pretrial Population Felony Defendants Number of Pretrial Felony Defendants Up 96% 1,2 Pretrial Detainees with Felony Charges on July 1, 25-214 1,119 1, 8 6 572 4 2 25 26 27 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 22 Pretrial Population Felony Defendants Violent Charges Growth Across Both Violent Felony Offense Types 7 Pretrial Detainees with Violent Felony Charges on July 1, 25 and 214, by Offense Category 6 5 224 4 3 Registerable Sex Offense Person 2 1 77 169 39 25 214 23 12
Pretrial Population Felony Defendants Nonviolent Charges Largest Growth Among Nonviolent Felony Drug and Property Defendants 5 45 4 35 3 25 2 15 1 5 Pretrial Detainees with Nonviolent Felony Charges on July 1, 25 and 214, by Offense Category 26 19 14 39 69 95 86 42 161 19 25 214 Other Public Order Alcohol Drugs Property 24 Pretrial Population Misdemeanor Defendants Number of Pretrial Misdemeanor Defendants Up 48% Pretrial Detainees with Misdemeanor Charges on July 1, 25-214 4 35 359 3 25 2 243 15 1 5 25 26 27 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 25 13
Pretrial Population Misdemeanor Defendants Violent Charges Violent Misdemeanor Defendants Up 68% 14 12 Pretrial Detainees with Violent Misdemeanor Charges on July 1, 25 and 214, by Offense Category 3 1 8 6 4 6 7 125 Registerable Sex Offense Person 2 25 214 26 Pretrial Population Misdemeanor Defendants Nonviolent Charges Nonviolent Misdemeanor Defendants up 38%, Most Growth Among Public Order Defendants 25 Pretrial Detainees with Nonviolent Misdemeanor Charges on July 1, 25 and 214, by Offense Category 2 2 15 1 5 19 75 128 43 43 5 1 29 35 25 214 Other Public Order Alcohol Drug Property 27 14
Days 6/18/215 Pretrial Population Misdemeanor Defendants Pretrial Admissions Down 13% 25, Number of Pretrial Admissions, 25 and 214, by Type 2, 15, 1, 5, 12,623 11,171 4,615 4,16 4,58 2,748 1,865 2,14 25 214 Nonviolent Misd. Violent Misd. Nonviolent Felony Violent Felony 28 Pretrial Population Misdemeanor Defendants Average Pretrial Length of Stay Up, Largest Growth for Felony Defendants Mean Length of Stay for Pretrial Detainees, 25 and 214 (Days) 8 7 67 6 5 4 3 34 24 44 25 214 2 1 1 16 6 9 Felony Violent Felony Nonviolent Misd. Violent Misd. Nonviolent 29 15
Pretrial Population Key Takeaways: Pretrial Inmate Population Pretrial defendants make up 28% of Alaska s prison population Number of pretrial defendants has increased 81% in last decade Half of pretrial defendants are detained on nonviolent charges, including misdemeanors Fewer defendants are being admitted pretrial but those admitted are staying longer 3 Sentenced Offenders Sentenced Offenders Make Up 5% of Alaska s Prison Population Prison Population on July 1, 214, by Status Supervision Violators 1,161 Pretrial 1,479 Sentenced 2,627 31 16
Sentenced Offenders Number of Sentenced Inmates Up 14% in Last Decade 2,9 Sentenced Offenders on July 1, 25-214 2,7 2,5 2,627 2,3 2,1 2,33 1,9 1,7 1,5 25 26 27 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 32 Sentenced Offenders 38% of Sentenced Population Convicted of Nonviolent Offenses Sentenced Inmates by Type, July 1, 214 Sentenced Inmates by Offense Category, July 1, 214 Violent 62% Nonviolent 38% Sex 23% Person 39% Alcohol 8% Drug 8% Property 12% Other 6% Public Order 4% 33 17
Sentenced Offenders Growth Among Felony Offenders 3, Sentenced Offenders on July 1, 25 and 214, by Type 2,5 2, 1,5 1, 336 224 595 299 165 652 Nonviolent Misd. Violent Misd. Nonviolent Felony Violent Felony 5 1,13 1,388 25 214 34 Sentenced Offenders Felony Offenders Offenses Number of Sentenced Felony Inmates Up 18% 2,5 Sentenced Offenders Convicted of Felony Charges on July 1, 25-214 2, 1,5 1,725 2,4 1, 5-25 26 27 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 35 18
Sentenced Offenders Felony Offenders Felony Offenses Violent Growth in Both Violent Felony Offense Categories 16 Sentenced Offenders Convicted of Violent Felony Charges, July 1 25 and 214, by Offense Category 14 12 1 8 395 571 Sex Person 6 4 735 817 2 25 214 36 Sentenced Offenders Felony Offenders Felony Offenses Nonviolent Growth Among Three of Four Nonviolent Felony Offense Categories 7 Sentenced Offenders Convicted of Nonviolent Felony Charges, July 1, 25 and 214, by Offense Category 6 5 4 3 75 121 181 114 92 198 Other Alcohol Drug Property 2 1 218 248 25 214 Note: Other includes public order offenses. Categories collapsed due to small numbers. 37 19
Sentenced Offenders Misdemeanor Offenders Offenses Number of Sentenced Misdemeanor Inmates Down 17% 8 Sentenced Offenders Convicted of Misdemeanor Charges on July 1, 25-214 7 6 5 4 3 56 464 2 1-25 26 27 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 38 Sentenced Offenders Misdemeanor Offenders Misdemeanor Offenses Violent Decline in Both Violent Offense Categories 25 Sentenced Offenders Convicted of Violent Misdemeanor Charges, July 1, 25 and 214, by Offense Category 2 18 15 1 26 1 Sex Person 155 5 25 214 39 2
Sentenced Offenders Misdemeanor Offenses Nonviolent Decline in Nonviolent Offense Categories, Except Property Offenders 4 Sentenced Offenders Convicted of Nonviolent Misdemeanor Charges, July 1, 25 and 214, by Offense Category 35 3 25 2 15 1 5 73 42 98 83 41 67 9 9 124 89 25 214 Other Public Order Alcohol Drug Property 4 Sentenced Offenders Admissions Down 9% 14, Number of Admissions for Sentenced Offenders, 25 and 214, by Type 12, 1, 8, 6, 7,573 6,569 Nonviolent Misd. Violent Misd. Nonviolent Felony Violent Felony 4, 2, 2,235 2,93 1,287 1,327 536 554 25 214 41 21
Days Days 6/18/215 Sentenced Offenders Post-Conviction Length of Stay Up for Felonies 8 Mean Sentenced Length of Stay, 25 and 214 (Days) 7 677 6 5 52 4 3 266 25 214 2 22 1 58 43 31 31 Felony Violent Felony Nonviolent Misd. Violent Misd. Nonviolent 42 Sentenced Offenders Felony Offenders Felony Offenses Violent Post-Conviction Length of Stay Up 86% for Sex Offenders 12 1 Mean Length of Stay for Sentenced Offenders Convicted of Violent Felony Charges, 25 and 214, by Offense Category 1,33 8 6 4 472 554 561 25 214 2 Person Registerable Sex Offense 43 22
Days 6/18/215 Sentenced Offenders Felony Offenders Offenses Nonviolent Post-Conviction Length of Stay Up Across Nonviolent Offense Categories 3 25 Mean Length of Stay for Sentenced Offenders Convicted of Nonviolent Felony Charges, 25 and 214, by Offense Category 276 269 26 231 238 224 2 15 171 117 25 214 1 5 Property Drugs Alcohol Public Order 44 Sentenced Offenders Key Takeaways: Sentenced Inmate Population Sentenced offenders make up 5% of Alaska s prison population Number of sentenced offenders increased 14% in last decade Growth in number of violent and nonviolent felony offenders Felony offenders are staying for longer periods of time, especially alcohol, public order, and sex offenders 45 23
Supervision Violators Supervision Violators Make Up 22% of Alaska s Prison Population Prison Population on July 1, 214, by Status Supervision Violators 1,161 Sentenced 2,627 Pretrial 1,479 46 Supervision Violators Number of Supervision Violators Up 15% in Last Decade 1,4 Number of Supervision Violators, July 1, 25 and 214 1,2 1, 1,13 1,161 8 6 4 2 25 214 47 24
Days 6/18/215 Supervision Violators Number Admitted Unsentenced Up 135% 6, 5, Number of Admissions to Prison for Unsentenced Supervision Violators, 25-214 5,359 4, 3, 2, 2,282 1, - 25 26 27 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 48 Supervision Violators Unsentenced Length of Stay Down 6% 4 35 3 25 2 15 1 5 Mean Length of Stay for Unsentenced Supervision Violators, 25-214 (Days) 35 33 25 26 27 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 49 25
Days 6/18/215 Supervision Violators Admissions to Prison for Revocations Up 32% 3,5 Number of Admissions to Prison for Supervision Revocations, 25-214 3, 2,992 2,5 2, 2,275 1,5 1, 5 25 26 27 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 5 Supervision Violators Post-Revocation Length of Stay Down 27% 18 Mean Length of Stay for Supervision Revocations, 25-214 (Days) 16 14 146 12 1 8 16 6 4 2 25 26 27 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 51 26
Supervision Violators Key Takeaways: Supervision Violators Number of supervision violators in prison grew 15% in last decade More offenders entering prison both pre- and postrevocation than 1 years ago, but staying for shorter periods of time On average, supervision violators are staying in prison 33 days unsentenced and 16 days postrevocation 52 SUMMARY TAKEAWAYS 53 27
Summary Takeaways Total Prison Population Prison population grew 27% in last decade Growth in all inmate categories: Pretrial population up 81% Sentenced population up 14% Supervision violator population up 15% More than half of Alaska s prison population in for nonviolent offenses or supervision violations 54 Summary Takeaways Pretrial Inmate Population Number of pretrial defendants has increased 81% in last decade Half of pretrial defendants are detained on nonviolent charges, including misdemeanors Fewer defendants are being admitted pretrial but those admitted are staying longer 55 28
Summary Takeaways Sentenced Inmate Population Number of sentenced offenders increased 14% in last decade Growth in number of violent and nonviolent felony offenders Felony offenders are staying for longer periods of time, especially alcohol, public order, and sex offenders 56 Summary Takeaways Supervision Violator Population Number of supervision violators in prison grew 15% in last decade More offenders entering prison both pre- and post-revocation than 1 years ago, but staying for shorter periods of time On average, supervision violators are staying in prison 33 days unsentenced and 16 days postrevocation 57 29
Questions? 58 Contact Info Terry Schuster Office: 22.54.6437 Email: tschuster@pewtrusts.org Rachel Brushett Office: 22.54.6915 Email: rbrushett@pewtrusts.org Public Safety Performance Project www.pewtrusts.org/publicsafety 59 3