British International Thinkers from Hobbes to Namier

British International Thinkers from Hobbes to Namier

The Palgrave Macmillan History of International Thought Series seeks to publish the best work in this growing and increasingly important field of academic inquiry. Its scholarly monographs cover three types of work: (i) exploration of the intellectual impact of individual thinkers, from key disciplinary figures to neglected ones; (ii) examination of the origin, evolution, and contemporary relevance of specific schools or traditions of international thought; and (iii) analysis of the evolution of particular ideas and concepts in the field. Both classical (pre-1919) and modern (post-1919) thought is covered. Its books are written to be accessible to audiences in International Relations, International History, Political Theory, and Sociology. Series Editor: Peter Wilson, London School of Economics and Political Science Advisory Board: Jack Donnelly, University of Denver David Long, Carleton University Hidemi Suganami, University of Keele Also in the Series: Internationalism and Nationalism in European Political Thought by Carsten Holbraad The International Theory of Leonard Woolf: A Study in Twentieth-Century Idealism by Peter Wilson Tocqueville, Lieber, and Bagehot: Liberalism Confronts the World by David Clinton Harold Laski: Problems of Democracy, the Sovereign State, and International Society by Peter Lamb The War Over Perpetual Peace: An Exploration into the History of a Foundational International Relations Text by Eric S. Easley Liberal Internationalism and the Decline of the State: The Thought of Richard Cobden, David Mitrany, and Kenichi Ohmae by Per Hammarlund Classical and Modern Thought on International Relations: From Anarchy to Cosmopolis by Robert Jackson The Hidden History of Realism: A Genealogy of Power Politics by Seán Molloy Hugo Grotius in International Thought by Renée Jeffery The International Thought of Martin Wight by Ian Hall Honor in Foreign Policy: A History and Discussion by Michael Donelan Realist Strategies of Republican Peace: Niebuhr, Morgenthau, and the Politics of Patriotic Dissent by Vibeke Schou Tjalve Classical Liberalism and International Relations Theory: Hume, Smith, Mises, and Hayek by Edwin van de Haar From Hierarchy to Anarchy: Territory and Politics before Westphalia by Jeremy Larkins British International Thinkers from Hobbes to Namier Edited by Ian Hall and Lisa Hill

British International Thinkers from Hobbes to Namier Edited by Ian Hall and Lisa Hill

BRITISH INTERNATIONAL THINKERS FROM HOBBES TO NAMIER Copyright Ian Hall and Lisa Hill, 2009. Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2009 978-0-230-60849-8 All rights reserved. First published in 2009 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN in the United States a division of St. Martin s Press LLC, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010. Where this book is distributed in the UK, Europe and the rest of the world, this is by Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited, registered in England, company number 785998, of Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS. Palgrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the above companies and has companies and representatives throughout the world. Palgrave and Macmillan are registered trademarks in the United States, the United Kingdom, Europe and other countries. ISBN 978-1-349-37549-3 ISBN 978-0-230-10173-9 (ebook) DOI 10.1057/9780230101739 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data British international thinkers from Hobbes to Namier / edited by Ian Hall & Lisa Hill. p. cm. Product of a workshop held in Adelaide in July 2008. Includes bibliographical references. 1. International relations History. 2. International relations Philosophy History. 3. Political science Great Britain History. 4. Great Britain Intellectual life. I. Hall, Ian, 1975 II. Hill, Lisa, 1961 JZ1329.5.B75 2009 327.1092 241 dc22 2009018101 A catalogue record of the book is available from the British Library. Design by Newgen Imaging Systems (P) Ltd., Chennai, India. First edition: December 2009 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

Contents Acknowledgments Notes on Contributors vii ix 1 Introduction 1 Ian Hall and Lisa Hill 2 The Glorious Sovereign: Thomas Hobbes on Leadership and International Relations 11 Haig Patapan 3 John Locke s International Thought 33 David Armitage 4 Moral Sentiment Theory and the International Thought of David Hume 49 Renée Jeffery 5 Adam Smith on War (and Peace) 71 Lisa Hill 6 Edmund Burke and International Conflict 91 Richard Bourke 7 The International Political Thought of John Stuart Mill 117 Georgios Varouxakis 8 The Resilience of Natural Law in the Writings of Sir Travers Twiss 137 Andrew Fitzmaurice 9 James Bryce and the Two Faces of Nationalism 161 Casper Sylvest

vi Contents 10 Democracy and Empire: J. A. Hobson, Leonard Hobhouse, and the Crisis of Liberalism 181 Duncan Bell 11 The Never-Satisfied Idealism of Goldsworthy Lowes Dickinson 207 Jeanne Morefield 12 The Realist as Moralist: Sir Lewis Namier s International Thought 227 Ian Hall Index 247

Acknowledgments This book is the product of a workshop held in Adelaide in July 2008. The editors are grateful to the Academy of the Social Sciences in Australia and the Australian Academy of the Humanities for their joint sponsorship of the workshop, as well as to the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences at the University of Adelaide for additional funds. We would like to offer particular thanks to Emeritus Professor Wilfrid Prest for his generous support for the grant proposals and for the project as a whole. Mark Bode and Alan Goldstone provided editorial assistance on the manuscript and, together with Chris McElhinney, aided the organization of the workshop. The editors would also like to thank Kelly McKinley for compiling the index.

Contributors David Armitage is the Lloyd C. Blankfein Professor of History at Harvard University. Among his ten books to date are The Ideological Origins of the British Empire (Cambridge University Press, 2000), The Declaration of Independence: A Global History (Harvard University Press, 2007), and, as co-editor, The British Atlantic World, 1500 1800 (2nd ed., Palgrave, 2009), and Shakespeare and Early Modern Political Thought (Cambridge University Press, 2009). Duncan Bell is a Leverhulme Early Career Fellow in the Department of Politics and International Studies, University of Cambridge, and a Fellow of Christ s College. He is the author of The Idea of Greater Britain: Empire and the Future of World Order, 1860 1900 (Princeton University Press, 2007), and the editor of three volumes, the most recent of which is Political Thought and International Relations: Variations on a Realist Theme (Oxford University Press, 2008). Richard Bourke is a Senior Lecturer in the Department of History, Queen Mary, University of London. He is the author of Peace in Ireland: the War of Ideas (Pimlico, 2003) and is currently writing The Political Life of Edmund Burke. Andrew Fitzmaurice is an Associate Professor in the Department of History, University of Sydney. He is the author of Humanism and America (Cambridge University Press, 2003) and edited Shakespeare and Early Modern Political Thought (with David Armitage and Conal Condren) (Cambridge University Press, 2009). He is currently completing A History of Terra Nullius, a longue durée analysis of the idea of occupation in the law of nations and colonization. Ian Hall is a Senior Lecturer in the Department of International Business and Asian Studies, Griffith University, Australia. He is the author of The

x Contributors International Thought of Martin Wight (Palgrave, 2006) and a number of articles on international theory and the history of international thought. Lisa Hill is a Professor in the School of History and Politics at the University of Adelaide, Australia. She is author of The Passionate Society: The Social, Political and Moral Thought of Adam Ferguson (Springer, 2006) and coauthor of The Politics of Human Rights in Australia (Cambridge University Press, 2009). Renée Jeffery is a Research Fellow in the Griffith Asia Institute, Brisbane, Australia. She is the author of Hugo Grotius in International Thought (Palgrave, 2006) and Evil and International Relations: Human Suffering in an Age of Terror (Palgrave, 2008). Jeanne Morefield is an Associate Professor in the Department of Politics, Whitman College. She is the author of Covenants Without Swords: Idealist Liberalism and the Spirit of Empire (Princeton University Press, 2005). Haig Patapan is a Professor in the Department of Politics and Public Policy, Griffith University, Australia. His research interests are in political philosophy, political leadership, and comparative constitutionalism. His recent publications include Machiavelli in Love: The Modern Politics of Love and Fear (Lexington, 2007), and the co-edited books Dissident Democrats (Routledge, 2008) and Dispersed Leadership in Democracies (Oxford University Press, 2009). Casper Sylvest is an Associate Professor in the Department of Political Science, University of Southern Denmark. He is the author of British Liberal Internationalism, 1880 1930: Making Progress? (Manchester University Press, 2009) as well as a series of articles on the history of international thought. Georgios Varouxakis is a Reader in the History of Political Thought in the Department of History, Queen Mary, University of London. He is the author of Mill on Nationality (Routledge, 2002) and Victorian Political Thought on France and the French (Palgrave, 2002) as well as the co-editor of Utilitarianism and Empire (Lexington, 2005). He has also published many articles on J. S. Mill and on political thought on nationalism and international relations.