The Age of Jackson
1824 Election
A Corrupt Bargain? John Quincy Adams Strong central gov t national university. astronomical observatory naval academy. Supported land rights of Native Americans 1824 Election
1828 Election Adams Clay Seen as elitist Seen as corrupt Attacked for wasting $ Gambling devices National Republicans (later Whigs) Pro Bank Pro Tariff Pro National Improvements Roads, Railroads, Canals Jackson Farmers, artisans. Distrust of establishment, monopolies, & special privilege. Democrats Pro States Rights Anti Bank Anti Tariff Anti Federal funded transportation
1828 Election Results
1832 Election Results
What do these mean to you? #occupywallstreet #wearethe99 #blacklivesmatter #bringbackourgirls #arabspring
Culture of an American Hero Indian Fighter, Old Hickory War Hero New Orleans Tough, self made man Personification of the West Independent, strong values Anti Elitism Egalitarianism common man
The Age of Jackson How common was Andrew Jackson s common man?
How common was Andrew Jackson s Common Man? Who was Andrew Jackson trying to benefit when he signed the Indian Removal Act of 1830? Who was able to have a political voice during the Jacksonian era? How could a person make their political voice louder? Who benefited from Jackson s economic policies?
Who was Andrew Jackson trying to benefit when he signed the Indian Removal Act of 1830?
Indian Removal 1830 Pres. to trade Indian lands for lands west of the Miss. River. Cherokee were forcibly moved - approx 4,000 died ("Trail of Tears ).
Your Task Complete the chart using the resources provided. What Jackson thought the Indian Removal Act was all about Main Idea What Native Americans thought the Indian Removal Act was all about Main Idea Evidence from the text: Evidence from the text:
Who was able to have a political voice during the Jacksonian era? How could a person make their political voice louder?
Increased Democratization White male suffrage increased Party nominating committees. Voters chose electors. Spoils system, patronage (favors, rewards) Rise of Third Parties. Popular campaigning (parades, rallies, floats, etc.) Two-party system returned in the 1832 election: Natl. Reps.(1828) Whigs (1832) Republicans (1854) Democrats (1828)
Increased Democratization (looser voting requirements)
Increased Voter Turnout
Expansion of Democracy Questions Jeffersonian Democracy Jacksonian Democracy Universal white manhood suffrage Property requirement was a test of character Property requirements for voting had been eliminated Who should hold office? Educated elite should rule, although he proposed education for all. All men were qualified to hold office and political positions should be rotated Concepts of the chosen class Yeoman farmer as the chosen class Planters, farmers, laborers, and mechanics in chosen class Equality Owned slaves, but saw slavery as an evil that time would eradicate Had a particularly negative attitude toward Native Americans. Owned slaves, but seemed little interested in abolition Education Education was necessary for officeholding and for preparing citizens for participation in a democracy Had little education & believed education was relatively unimportant
Spoils System (Rotation in Office) Jackson fired many government employees and hired many of his supporters (even if unqualified) Unofficial advisors = his Kitchen Cabinet
Image Analysis
George Caleb Bingham, The County Election, oil on canvas, 1852. Saint Louis Art Museum, gift of Bank of America, 44:2001. Reproduced by permission.
Richard Caton Woodville, Politics in an Oyster House, oil on fabric, 1848. Walters Art Museum, Baltimore, Maryland, 37.1994. Reproduced by permission.
Agrarian Workingmen s Party of New York City, political cartoon, ca. 1830. Columbia University Libraries, Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Edwin Kilroe Ephemera Collection. Reproduced by permission.
Your Task Group and Rank slaves women indentured servants landless whites poor whites rich whites property owning whites campaign donors party leaders 1 Any other groups /demographics we need to add? 2 - Rank these groups based on amount of political power.
Who benefited from Jackson s economic policies?
Tariff of Abominations High tariffs were pushed through during JQA s presidency to make him look bad 1816 cheap textile imports 1824 iron, woolen, cotton imports 1828 higher on raw materials (passed after Jackson was elected)
Nullification 1832 SC nullified tariff (refused to enforce) 1832 Tariff was lower (Henry Clay compromise), but SC still wanted to secede Jackson chose the Union over farmer supporters Force Bill would allow Jackson to use military force against SC Tariff 1833 (another HC compromise) reduced rates over the course of 10 years.
Bank War 1832 33 Jackson thought bank had too much power and favored the rich in New England. 1832 Jackson vetoed early renewal of the 2 nd BUS, but it was up for renewal again in 1836 To prevent that from happening, he set out to reduce the bank s economic power. Federal funds would no longer be deposited into the BUS
Results of Bank War (1836 1837) Pet Banks gov t $ spread out to banks in the states Wildcat banks, speculators and loans fueled runaway inflation.
Results of Bank War (1836 1837) Specie Circular executive order to curb speculation and stabilize economy, only gold or silver to pay for gov t land Caused Panic of 1837
Be sure your answers are evidence based! Jackson Veto of the Bank of the United States (1832) Who did Jackson think the Bank of the U.S. benefited? Who did Jackson presumably benefit by vetoing the bank? South Carolina Exposition and Protest (1828) by John C. Calhoun Who did South Carolina think the Tariffs benefited? Who did South Carolina think made the sacrifice for this benefit? Why did South Carolina consider the Tariff unconstitutional (and thus able to be nullified)? SC typically supported Jackson/Democrats. Why do you think Andrew Jackson came down so harshly on this issue? Did he support the tariff or was it something else? Do not do the last part yet!
Soooo. How COMMON was Jackson s COMMON MAN? The People Who Benefited from the Jacksonian Era The People Who Did Not Benefit from the Jacksonian Era How COMMON is the group?
Is the COMMON MAN empowered today? Identify a group who has been disenfranchised they don t have the legal right to vote voting rules/regulations make it difficult to exercise their right
Is the COMMON MAN empowered today? Find an existing organization that has taken up this cause. Go to: http://todaysmeet.com/cartnerapush Fake Tweet out the link along with their hashtag and a personalized tweet of support.
Make it REAL Now, REAL TWEET out the link along with their hashtag and a personalized tweet of support.
Not this year
Jackson Mock Trial Whether or not Andrew Jackson is truly deserving of the title of common man president You will either be: Prosecution (not common man president ) Defense (yes the common man president ) Jury Witness Jackson Two Moons Davy Crockett
Suggested Time Format *Prosecution and defense will have equal time Judge: Introduce the issue of the trial. 1 min: Opening Statement Prosecution followed by the Defense 3 min: Presentation of Evidence Prosecution followed by the Defense Questioning of Witnesses 2:00 min Two Moons Prosecution followed by the Defense 2:00 min Davy Crockett Prosecution followed by the Defense 4:00 min Andrew Jackson Prosecution followed by the Defense 1:00 min Prep Time for Rebuttal 2:00 Rebuttal Prosecution followed by the Defense 1:00 Closing Statements Prosecution followed by the Defense 5:00 Jury Deliberates
Maysville Road Veto 1830 Maysville Road Bill proposed building a road in Kentucky (Clay's state) at federal expense. Jackson vetoed he didn't like Clay strict interpretation Fed gov t shouldn't pay for intrastate improvement