Public Opinion Survey Residents of Ukraine August 27-September 9, 2013 International Republican Institute Baltic Surveys Ltd. / The Gallup Organization Rating Group Ukraine with funding from the United States Agency for International Development 1
Methodology The survey was conducted by the public opinion and market research company Baltic Surveys/The Gallup Organization on behalf of the International Republican Institute. The field work was carried out by Rating Group Ukraine. The main sample consisted of 1,200 permanent residents of Ukraine aged 18 and older and eligible to vote. It is representative of the general population by age, gender, education and religion. Data were collected on August 27 September 9, 2013 through face-to-face interviews with the respondents. The margin of error does not exceed plus or minus 2.8 percent. The response rate was 64 percent. The sample design was a multi-stage random sample. The closest birthday rule was used for selection of the respondent. The households were selected using the random route method. Stage one: Ukraine is divided into 27 official administrative regions (25 regions of Ukraine, Kiev and Sevastopol). All regions of Ukraine were surveyed. Stage two: selection of the settlements - towns and villages. Settlements were selected at random. The number of selected settlements in each region was proportional to the share of population living in a particular type of the settlement in each region. Towns were grouped into subtypes according to the size: City more than one million residents City 500,000-999,000 City 100,000-499,000 City 50,000-99,000 City to 50,000 Village Stage three: primary sampling units were described. 2
MOOD OF UKRAINE 3
Generally speaking, do you think that things in Ukraine are going in the right direction or wrong direction? September 2013 1 6 1 May 2013 1 6 1 August 2012 2 5 1 May 2012 1 6 March 2012 1 7 1 November 2011 1 7 1 6 8 10 Right direction Wrong direction DK/NA 4
Over the last 12 months, how has the financial situation of your household changed? September 2013 4 May 2013 4 1 August 2012 1 3 2 1 0. May 2012 4 1 March 2012 3 3 1 November 2011 3 3 1 6 8 10 Improved a lot Improved somewhat Stayed the same Worsened somewhat Worsened a lot DK/NA 5
In the next 12 months, how do you expect the economic situation in Ukraine to change? September 2013 1 2 2 1 0. May 2013 3 2 1 1 August 2012 3 2 1 1 May 2012 1 3 2 1 1 March 2012 3 3 1 1 Nov 2011 3 1 6 8 10 Improve a lot Improve somewhat Stay the same Worsen somewhat Worsen a lot DK/NA 6
ISSUES 7
Do you think it is acceptable or not if some groups of people use the following methods of protests? How acceptable is each of these forms? Collecting signatures for petition, letter 7 1 Legal demonstrations 6 2 Legal strikes 6 2 Boycott 5 3 1 Demonstrations without permission 3 5 1 Strikes without permission 3 5 1 Blocking of major roads 3 5 1 Occupation of buildings or enterprises 2 6 1 Acceptable Not acceptable DK/NA 8
Do you think it is acceptable or not if some groups of people use the following methods of protests? How acceptable is each of these forms? May 2013 Collecting signatures for petition, letter 7 1 Legal demonstrations 6 2 Legal strikes 5 3 Boycott 4 1 Demonstrations without permission 2 6 1 Strikes without permission 2 6 1 Blocking of major roads 2 6 1 Occupation of buildings or enterprises 7 1 Acceptable Not acceptable DK/NA 9
If Ukraine was able to enter only one international economic union, with whom should it be? September 2013 4 3 1 May 2013 3 1 August 2012 3 4 May 2012 3 4 March 2012 3 4 November 2011 4 1 5 6 7 8 9 10 European Union Customs Union with Russia, Belarus and Kazakhstan Other DK/NA 10
What is your expectation, will Ukraine and the European Union sign the Association Agreement in November 2013? DK/NA 2 Definitely yes Probably yes Definitely no Probably no 2 11
Which side will benefit more from the possible integration of Ukraine to the European Union? DK/NA 1 Ukraine It is disadvantageous for both sides European Union 2 It is beneficial for both sides 12
Which side will benefit more from the possible integration of Ukraine to the Customs Union with Russia? DK/NA 1 Ukraine It is disadvantageous for both sides Russia 3 It is beneficial for both sides 13
If signed in November 2013, do you think the Association Agreement with the European Union will have positive or negative consequences for Ukraine? DK/NA 2 Definitely positive 1 Definitely negative Somewhat positive 3 Somewhat negative 2 14
What possible consequences will the signing of the Association Agreement between Ukraine and the European Union have for Ukraine in these particular areas? Freedom of movement in the European Union for Ukrainian citizens 3 3 1 Protection of human rights and freedoms 3 1 2 Standard of living of citizens 1 2 2 Fight against corruption 1 3 1 2 Protection of territorial integrity of Ukraine 1 3 1 2 Economic development 1 3 2 5 6 7 8 9 10 Definitely positive Rather positive Rather negative Definitely negative DK/NA 15
How would you evaluate your attitude towards the following entities? Russia 5 3 1 European Union 4 4 Poland 4 United States 2 5 1 5 6 7 8 9 10 Warm Neutral Cold DK/NA 16
Which of the following issues are the most important for Ukraine? (Three mentioned issues) Unemployment Low industry production Corruption within the state bodies Control over price growth Social protection for poor Government incompetence Crime Political instability Delay in salary/pension payments Relations with Russia Lack of/possibility of cutting off gas, electricity, water Hryvnia devaluation Rights to land ownership Russian language status Russian Black Sea Navy presence Other DK/NA 1 1 3 4 4 5 17
Which of the following issues are the most important for Ukraine? (Three mentioned issues, by gender and age) Male Female 18-29 years 30-49 years 50 years and older Unemployment 5 5 6 6 4 Low industry production 4 4 4 4 Corruption within the state bodies 4 3 4 4 Control over price growth 2 3 3 3 3 Social protection for poor 2 3 2 2 Government incompetence 1 1 1 1 Crime 1 1 1 1 Political instability 1 1 1 1 1 Delay in salary/pension payments 1 1 Relations with Russia 1 Lack of/possibility of cutting off gas, electricity, water Hryvnia devaluation Rights to land ownership Russian language status Russian Black Sea Navy presence Other DK/NA 18
Which of the following issues are the most important for Ukraine? (Three mentioned issues, by region) West Center South East Unemployment 7 4 6 4 Low industry production 3 4 5 3 Corruption within the state bodies 5 4 3 3 Control over price growth 3 2 3 4 Social protection for poor 2 2 Government incompetence 1 1 Crime 1 2 1 1 Political instability 1 Delay in salary/pension payments 1 Relations with Russia 1 Lack of/possibility of cutting off gas, electricity, water Hryvnia devaluation Rights to land ownership Russian language status Russian Black Sea Navy presence Other DK/NA 19
What are the most important problems facing Ukraine? (Top four issues identified) 10 9 8 Unemployment Low industry production Corruption within the state bodies Control over price growth 7 6 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 3 4 3 5 3 5 5 5 4 4 4 3 2 Nov-11 Mar-12 May-12 Aug-12 May-13 Sept-13 20
Which of the following issues are the most important for you personally? (Three mentioned issues) Control over price growth Unemployment Social protection for poor Corruption within the state bodies Low industry production Delay in salary/pension payments Crime Hryvnia devaluation Government incompetence Lack of/possibility of cutting off gas, electricity, water Political instability Relations with Russia Rights to land ownership Russian language status Russian Black Sea Navy presence Other DK/NA 1 1 2 2 5 5 21
Which of the following issues are the most important for you personally? (Three mentioned issues, by gender and age) Male Female 18-29 years 30-49 years 50 years and older Control over price growth 5 6 5 5 6 Unemployment 5 5 6 6 3 Social protection for poor 3 4 2 3 5 Corruption within the state bodies 2 2 2 2 Low industry production 2 2 2 2 1 Delay in salary/pension payments 2 1 1 2 Crime 1 1 1 1 1 Hryvnia devaluation 1 1 1 1 Government incompetence Lack of/possibility of cutting off gas, electricity, water Political instability Relations with Russia Rights to land ownership Russian language status Russian Black Sea Navy presence Other DK/NA 22
Which of the following issues are the most important for you personally? (Three mentioned issues, by region) West Center South East Control over price growth 6 5 5 6 Unemployment 6 5 5 3 Social protection for poor 3 5 4 Corruption within the state bodies 2 2 2 2 Low industry production 1 1 3 2 Delay in salary/pension payments 1 2 1 2 Crime 1 1 Hryvnia devaluation 1 Government incompetence Lack of/possibility of cutting off gas, electricity, water 1 1 Political instability Relations with Russia Rights to land ownership Russian language status Russian Black Sea Navy presence Other DK/NA 23
What are the most important problems facing residents of Ukraine? (Top three issues identified) 10 9 Control over price growth Unemployment Social protection for poor 8 7 6 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 5 5 5 3 4 3 3 3 Nov-11 Mar-12 May-12 Aug-12 May-13 Sept-13 24
POLITICS 25
If pre-term parliamentary elections were announced today, would you vote in such elections? September 2013 3 3 May 2013 3 3 1 6 8 10 Definitely yes Rather yes Rather no Definitely no DK/NA 26
If Ukrainian presidential elections were held next Sunday, would you vote in such elections? September 2013 3 3 May 2013 3 3 6 8 10 Definitely yes Rather yes Rather no Definitely no DK/NA 27
Do you feel that the next presidential election will be free and fair? DK/NA 1 Absolutely free and fair Rather free and fair Absolutely not free and fair 2 Rather not free and fair 3 28
In the past two years, has the situation in the following areas improved or worsened? Prices 7 2 Employment 5 2 Healthcare 5 3 Economy of Ukraine 5 1 Fight against corruption 5 3 Relations with Russia 5 1 Government competence 4 3 Housing and communal services 4 Agriculture 4 3 1 Political stability 4 3 1 Social protection 4 3 1 Fight against criminality 4 3 Small and medium business 4 2 2 Rights to land ownership 3 3 2 Stability of hryvnia 3 5 Salary/Pension payments 5 1 European integration of Ukraine 4 2 1 Situation with languages 6 1 6 8 10 Worsened Stayed the same Improved DK/NA 29
How many times per week do you access the Internet? September 2013 2 4 May 2013 2 4 August 2012 1 5 May 2012 2 4 March 2012 2 5 November 2011 1 5 5 6 7 8 9 10 Every day 5-6 times per week 3-4 times per week 1-2 times per week Less often Never DK/NA 30
How many times per week do you access the Internet? Every day 5-6 times per week 3-4 times per week 1-2 times per week Less often Never DK/NA ALL RESPONDENTS 28 6 9 8 6 42 1 ALL RESPONDENTS 28 6 9 8 6 42 1 GENDER Male 32 6 11 8 6 35 2 REGIONS Female 24 6 7 8 6 48 1 West 25 5 7 6 5 51 1 AGE Center 25 7 11 8 9 36 4 18-29 years 51 11 13 10 4 11 30-49 years 36 7 10 12 10 23 2 South 32 8 9 4 5 41 50 years and older 9 3543 73 3 East 31 5 7 11 3 41 2 6 8 10 6 8 10 31
SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHICS 32
10 9 8 7 6 5 Gender 5 4 Female Male 10 Age groups 8 6 4 3 2 50+ 30-49 18-29 33
10 8 6 Education 2 2 University, higher Non-complete higher Vocational secondary General secondary Non-complete secondary 10 8 6 Religion 7 DK/NA Atheist Other Believe in God but don't belong to any religion Greek Catholic Orthodox 34
10 8 6 Sector of employment 5 1 2 Do not work Public nongovernment sector State sector Private sector 10 8 6 Occupation 2 2 Other Unemployed Housewife Student Pensioner Higher and medium level executive White collar Farmer Blue collar 35
10 8 Ethnicity Other 6 Russian 8 Ukrainian 10 8 6 Language usually spoken at home 1 Other Ukrainian and Russian equally Russian Ukrainian 36
10 8 6 Membership in a political party or nongovernmental organization 9 Member of nongovernmental organization Member of a party None 3 2 1 2 Regions* West Ukraine Center Ukraine South Ukraine East Ukraine *Oblasts included in each region: West Ukraine Volyn, Zakarpartia, Ivano-Frankivsk, Lviv, Rivne, Ternopil, Khmelnitskiy, Chernivtsi Center Ukraine Vinnitsya, Zhitomyr, Kyiv, Kirovohrad, Poltava, Sumy, Cherkasy, Chernihiv, Kyiv City South Ukraine Crimea Autonomous Region, Zaporizhia, Mykolaiv, Odesa, Kherson East Ukraine Dnipropetrovsk, Donetsk, Luhansk, Kharkiv 1 2 37