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Panel 1 Andrew Nathan is Class of 1919 Professor of Political Science at Columbia University. He is chair of the steering committee of the Center for the Study of Human Rights and chair of the Morningside Institutional Review Board (IRB) at Columbia. He served as chair of the Department of Political Science, 2003-2006, chair of the Executive Committee of the Faculty of Arts and Sciences, 2002-2003, and director of the Weatherhead East Asian Institute, 1991-1995. Off campus, he is a member and former chair of the board, Human Rights in China, a member of the board of the National Endowment for Democracy, and a member of the Advisory Committee of Human Rights Watch, Asia, which he chaired, 1995-2000. His teaching and research interests include Chinese politics and foreign policy, the comparative study of political participation and political culture, and human rights. He is engaged in long-term research and writing on Chinese foreign policy and on sources of political legitimacy in Asia. His publications include: Peking Politics, 1918 1923 (Berkeley 1976); Chinese Democracy (Knopf 1985); Popular Culture in Late Imperial China (Berkeley 1985); Human Rights in Contemporary China (Columbia 1986); China's Crisis (Columbia 1990); The Great Wall and the Empty Fortress: China's Search for Security (Norton 1997); China's Transition (Columbia 1997); The Tiananmen Papers (Public Affairs 2001); and Negotiating Culture and Human Rights: Beyond Universalism and Relativism (Columbia 2001). Shulong Chu is currently a Professor of Political Science and International Relations at the School of Public Policy and Management and is the director of the Institute of International Development and Global Governance Studies at Tsinghua University in Beijing, China. He had been a Professor at China s Ministry of Foreign Affairs Party School and an advisor to China s Central Television (CCTV) international reporting, director for the North American Studies Division of the China Institute of Contemporary International Relations (CICIR). He was a senior visiting fellow at the Center for U.S.-China Relations of New York University in January 2013, at the Brookings Institution in 2006-2007, and the East-West Center in Hawaii, the U.S. in 2001. Dr. Chu s major areas of research are international relations and global governance, American politics and foreign strategy and China policy, and China s foreign policy and relations. His most recent publications include Introduction of Political Theories, The Sino-US Relations in the Post-Cold War Era; Basic Theories of International Relations; China s Foreign Strategy and Policy, and American Government and Politics (three volumes). Thomas Christensen is Professor of Public and International Affairs and Director of the China and the World Program at Columbia University. He was William P. Boswell Professor of World Politics of Peace and War, Director of the Princeton-Harvard China and the World Program at Princeton University. From 2006-2008 he served as Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for East Asian and Pacific Affairs with responsibility for relations with China, Taiwan, and Mongolia. His research and teaching focus on China s foreign relations, the international relations of East Asia, and international security. He is a life member of the Council on Foreign Relations and a Non-Resident Senior Scholar at the Brookings Institution. He was presented with a Distinguished Public Service Award by the United States Department of State. His most recent book is The China Challenge: Shaping the Choices of a Rising Power (W.W. Norton). Vasileios (Vasilis) Trigkas is an Onassis scholar and research fellow at the Belt & Road Strategy Institute, Tsinghua University. A former visiting scholar at Columbia University s European Institute, Vasili s articles on Chinese economics and politics have been featured at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, Columbia Journal of International Affairs, South China Morning Post, the Diplomat, the China-US Focus, etc. Since 2015 Vasilis has served at the advisory board of the Tsinghua-Laskaridis visiting chair for Civilizational dialogue and Hellenic studies which aims to promote Sino-EU people-to-people exchanges and the study of Greece in China. Previously, Vasilis had been a non-resident Handa fellow and young leader for Pacific-Forum CSIS and a European China Talent for MERICS Berlin. He is a graduate of the Athens University of Business & Economics and Tsinghua University where he is also pursuing his Doctoral studies in International Affairs and Chinese Politics.

Panel 2 Pierre Vimont is a Senior Fellow at Carnegie Europe, and was the first Executive Secretary General of the newly-created European External Action Service (the European Union s diplomatic service), from 2010 to 2015. Before that, he was the French Ambassador to the United States (2007-2010), and also served as the Permanent Representative of France to the European Union and as the chief of staff of the French Foreign minister (2002-2007). He is currently a Visiting Professor at Columbia University. Charles Maier is the Leverett Saltonstall Professor of History at Harvard University. From 1991 to mid- 2002 he was Krupp Foundation Professor of European Studies and served, 1994-2001, as Director of the Minda de Gunzburg Center for European Studies. Maier was a Distinguished Fellow at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars in the spring of 2011. He is a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and of the Council on Foreign Relations and a Fellow of the Massachusetts Historical Society. He chaired the SSRC-ACLS Joint Committee on Western Europe in the early l980s, served on the German American Academic Advisory Council, 1998-1999, and was chair of the selection committee of the American Academy in Berlin, 1999-2004. He has been awarded the Commander s Cross of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany and the Cross of Honor for Science and Art (first class) by the Republic of Austria. His most recent book is Once within Borders: Territories of Power, Wealth, and Belonging since 1500 (Harvard University Press, 2016). Barry Eichengreen is the George C. Pardee and Helen N. Pardee Professor of Economics and Professor of Political Science at the University of California, Berkeley, where he has taught since 1987. He is a Research Associate of the National Bureau of Economic Research (Cambridge, Massachusetts) and Research Fellow of the Centre for Economic Policy Research (London, England). In 1997-98 he was Senior Policy Advisor at the International Monetary Fund. In 2011, he was named one of Foreign Policy Magazine s 100 Leading Global Thinkers. He is a past president of the Economic History Association (2010-11 academic year). His most recent books are The Populist Temptation: Economic Grievance and Political Reaction in the Modern Era (Oxford University Press, 2018) and How Global Currencies Work: Past, Present, and Future with Livia Chitu and Arnaud Mehl (November 2017). Victoria de Grazia, Moore Collegiate Professor of History, was educated at Smith College, University of Florence, and Columbia University where she received her Ph.D. in history with distinction in 1976. Before joining the Columbia faculty in 1994, she taught at Rutgers University. Her research interests lie in contemporary history, with longstanding commitments to studying western Europe and Italy from a gendered perspective and to developing a global perspective on commercial revolutions. Her publications include: Irresistible Empire: America's Advance Through Twentieth Century Europe (2005); The Sex of Things: Gender and Consumption in Historical Perspective (ed., 1996); How Fascism Ruled Women: Italy, 1922-1945 (1992); The Culture of Consent: Mass Organization of Leisure in Fascist Italy (1981). She is currently writing a book about intimacy and power in Fascist Italy.

Panel 3 Thomas Christensen is Professor of Public and International Affairs and Director of the China and the World Program at Columbia University. He was William P. Boswell Professor of World Politics of Peace and War, Director of the Princeton-Harvard China and the World Program at Princeton University. From 2006-2008 he served as Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for East Asian and Pacific Affairs with responsibility for relations with China, Taiwan, and Mongolia. His research and teaching focus on China s foreign relations, the international relations of East Asia, and international security. He is a life member of the Council on Foreign Relations and a Non-Resident Senior Scholar at the Brookings Institution. He was presented with a Distinguished Public Service Award by the United States Department of State. His most recent book is The China Challenge: Shaping the Choices of a Rising Power (W.W. Norton). Gayatri Spivak is University Professor, the highest honor given to a handful of professors across the university, and a founding member of the Institute for Comparative Literature and Society at Columbia University. She is a critical theorist whose work has been particularly influential to the field of post-colonialism, for which she is often referred to as having been a pioneer. An activist as well as an educator, she is involved in international women's movements and issues surrounding ecological agriculture. She has been deeply involved in rural education in Asia for nearly two decades. She is on the editorial Board of many journals, among them Cultural Critique, boundary 2. New Formations, Diaspora, ARIEL, Re-thinking Marxism, Public Culture, Parallax, Interventions. Her most recent book is An Aesthetic Education in the Era of Globalization (2012). Oliver Stuenkel is an Associate Professor of International Relations at the Getulio Vargas Foundation (FGV) in São Paulo, where he coordinates the São Paulo branch of the School of History and Social Science and the executive program in International Relations. He is also a non-resident Fellow at the Global Public Policy Institute (GPPi) in Berlin and a columnist for EL PAÍS and Americas Quarterly. His research focuses on Brazil s, India s and China's foreign policy and on their impact on global governance. He is the author of IBSA: The rise of the Global South? (2014), BRICS and the Future of Global Order (2015) and Post-Western World (2016). He is currently writing a book on Brazil's role in Latin American politics. Charles Armstrong is The Korea Foundation Profesor of Korean Studies in the Social Sciences in the Department of History at Columbia University. He is the former Director of Columbia s Center for Korean Research and former Acting Director of the Weatherhead East Asian Institute. Professor Armstrong is the author, editor or co-editor of five books, including most recently Tyranny of the Weak: North Korea and the World, 1950 1992 (Cornell University Press, 2013) and The Koreas (Routledge: second edition, 2014). His current research projects include a history of modern East Asia (forthcoming from Wiley-Blackwell publishers), a study of American cultural policy in East Asia during the early Cold War, and the interaction between urbanization and the environment in North Korea and Northeast China.

Roundtable Jack Snyder is the Robert and Renee Belfer Professor of International Relations in the political science department and the Saltzman Institute of War and Peace Studies at Columbia University. His books include Electing to Fight: Why Emerging Democracies Go to War (MIT Press, 2005), co-authored with Edward D. Mansfield; From Voting to Violence: Democratization and Nationalist Conflict (Norton Books, 2000); Myths of Empire: Domestic Politics and International Ambition. (Cornell University Press, 1991); The Ideology of the Offensive: Military Decision Making and the Disasters of 1914 (Cornell 1984); and Civil Wars, Insecurity, and Intervention, co-editor with Barbara Walter (Columbia University Press, 1999). His articles on such topics as democratization and war, imperial overstretch, war crimes tribunals versus amnesties as strategies for preventing atrocities, international relations theory after September 11, and anarchy and culture have appeared in The American Political Science Review, Daedalus, Foreign Affairs, Foreign Policy, International Organization, International Security, The Journal of Democracy, and World Politics. His commentaries on current public issues such as the promotion of democracy abroad have appeared in The New York Times, The Washington Post, The International Herald Tribune, and on National Public Radio. Adam Tooze is the Kathryn and Shelby Cullom Davis Professor of History and the Director of the European Institute at Columbia University. He teaches and researches widely in the fields of twentieth-century and contemporary history. From a start in modern German history with a special focus on the history of economics and economic history his interests have widened to take in a range of themes in political, intellectual and military history, across a canvass stretching from Europe across the Atlantic. His most recent book is a new global history of the Great Financial Crisis of 2007 and after - Crashed: How a Decade of Financial Crises Changed the World. Shulong Chu is currently a Professor of Political Science and International Relations at the School of Public Policy and Management and is the director of the Institute of International Development and Global Governance Studies at Tsinghua University in Beijing, China. He had been a Professor at China s Ministry of Foreign Affairs Party School and an advisor to China s Central Television (CCTV) international reporting, director for the North American Studies Division of the China Institute of Contemporary International Relations (CICIR). He was a senior visiting fellow at the Center for U.S.-China Relations of New York University in January 2013, at the Brookings Institution in 2006-2007, and the East-West Center in Hawaii, the U.S. in 2001. Dr. Chu s major areas of research are international relations and global governance, American politics and foreign strategy and China policy, and China s foreign policy and relations. His most recent publications include Introduction of Political Theories, The Sino-US Relations in the Post-Cold War Era; Basic Theories of International Relations; China s Foreign Strategy and Policy, and American Government and Politics (three volumes). Thomas Christensen is Professor of Public and International Affairs and Director of the China and the World Program at Columbia University. He was William P. Boswell Professor of World Politics of Peace and War, Director of the Princeton-Harvard China and the World Program at Princeton University. From 2006-2008 he served as Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for East Asian and Pacific Affairs with responsibility for relations with China, Taiwan, and Mongolia. His research and teaching focus on China s foreign relations, the international relations of East Asia, and international security. He is a life member of the Council on Foreign Relations and a Non-Resident Senior Scholar at the Brookings Institution. He was presented with a Distinguished Public Service Award by the United States Department of State. His most recent book is The China Challenge: Shaping the Choices of a Rising Power (W.W. Norton). Victoria de Grazia, Moore Collegiate Professor of History, was educated at Smith College, University of Florence, and Columbia University where she received her Ph.D. in history with distinction in 1976. Before joining the Columbia faculty in 1994, she taught at Rutgers University. Her research interests lie in contemporary history, with longstanding commitments to studying western Europe and Italy from a gendered

perspective and to developing a global perspective on commercial revolutions. Her publications include: Irresistible Empire: America's Advance Through Twentieth Century Europe (2005); The Sex of Things: Gender and Consumption in Historical Perspective (ed., 1996); How Fascism Ruled Women: Italy, 1922-1945 (1992); The Culture of Consent: Mass Organization of Leisure in Fascist Italy (1981). She is currently writing a book about intimacy and power in Fascist Italy. Charles Maier is the Leverett Saltonstall Professor of History at Harvard University. From 1991 to mid- 2002 he was Krupp Foundation Professor of European Studies and served, 1994-2001, as Director of the Minda de Gunzburg Center for European Studies. Maier was a Distinguished Fellow at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars in the spring of 2011. He is a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and of the Council on Foreign Relations and a Fellow of the Massachusetts Historical Society. He chaired the SSRC-ACLS Joint Committee on Western Europe in the early l980s, served on the German American Academic Advisory Council, 1998-1999, and was chair of the selection committee of the American Academy in Berlin, 1999-2004. He has been awarded the Commander s Cross of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany and the Cross of Honor for Science and Art (first class) by the Republic of Austria. His most recent book is Once within Borders: Territories of Power, Wealth, and Belonging since 1500 (Harvard University Press, 2016).

Workshop Victoria de Grazia, Moore Collegiate Professor of History, was educated at Smith College, University of Florence, and Columbia University where she received her Ph.D. in history with distinction in 1976. Before joining the Columbia faculty in 1994, she taught at Rutgers University. Her research interests lie in contemporary history, with longstanding commitments to studying western Europe and Italy from a gendered perspective and to developing a global perspective on commercial revolutions. Her publications include: Irresistible Empire: America's Advance Through Twentieth Century Europe (2005); The Sex of Things: Gender and Consumption in Historical Perspective (ed., 1996); How Fascism Ruled Women: Italy, 1922-1945 (1992); The Culture of Consent: Mass Organization of Leisure in Fascist Italy (1981). She is currently writing a book about intimacy and power in Fascist Italy. Maria Adele Carrai is a recipient of a three-year Marie Curie Fellowship at the Leuven Centre for Global Governance KU Leuven (2017-20) and a Fellow at Harvard University Asia Center (2018-19). Her research focuses on China s legal history and how it affects the country s foreign policy. Her book project A Genealogy of the Concept of Sovereignty in China since 1840 is forthcoming with Cambridge University Press. The book looks at the way Chinese intellectuals, political figures, and diplomats appropriated and articulated the notion of sovereignty in their foreign policy within the new discourse of international law in the period between 1840 to the present. By tracing a genealogy of the notion of sovereignty in China from the earliest introduction of international law until the present, the book provides a historical perspective through which to better understand the path China is taking as a normative actor within the international global order. Maria Adele s general research interests include international law and relations, Western and Chinese legal and political philosophy, legal history, and Chinese foreign policy. Vasileios (Vasilis) Trigkas is an Onassis scholar and research fellow at the Belt & Road Strategy Institute, Tsinghua University. A former visiting scholar at Columbia University s European Institute, Vasili s articles on Chinese economics and politics have been featured at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, Columbia Journal of International Affairs, South China Morning Post, the Diplomat, the China-US Focus, etc. Since 2015 Vasilis has served at the advisory board of the Tsinghua-Laskaridis visiting chair for Civilizational dialogue and Hellenic studies which aims to promote Sino-EU people-to-people exchanges and the study of Greece in China. Previously, Vasilis had been a non-resident Handa fellow and young leader for Pacific-Forum CSIS and a European China Talent for MERICS Berlin. He is a graduate of the Athens University of Business & Economics and Tsinghua University where he is also pursuing his Doctoral studies in International Affairs and Chinese Politics. Mark Aronchick is a litigator and past Chancellor of the Philadelphia Bar Association. Mark was a member of Mayor William J. Green s administration and was appointed as the youngest City Solicitor in the history of Philadelphia. Mark has been a member of both the Civil Rules Committee of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania and the Judicial Council of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. He has also served as a member of the Disciplinary Board of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania and the Bench-Bar Relations Task Force of the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit. He has served as Chair of the City of Philadelphia Board of Ethics. He has also served as a federal and state court-appointed arbitrator and mediator and as a Judge Pro Tem of the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County. A former Treasurer and member of the Philadelphia Bar Association s Board of Governors, he has also co-chaired the Philadelphia Bar Association s Trial Advocacy Course.