Paper 03 History of the Americas Essays Organized by HL History Details Revised 2007 Topic 1 The Colonial Period political and economic relationship with the colonial lpowers: Britain, France, Spain, Portugal social and economic organization of the immigrant population role of religion in the New World treatment of indigenous peoples the origins of slavery 17 Compare and contrast British and Spanish colonial administrations in America in the eighteenth century. (HL) (1987) 37 Compare and contrast the economic and political role of the Roman Catholic Church in French and Spanish America. (HL) (1988) 57 What were the similarities and differences in the colonial policies of Britain and Spain in the New World in the eighteenth century? (HL) (1989) (HL) (1989) 97 How well did Britain and Spain govern their American colonies? (HL) (Nov 1991) 117 Define mercantilism and explain how TWO of the colonial powers applied it in the Americas in the eighteenth century. (HL) (1991) 127 Compare and contrast the role of agriculture in the colonial economies of TWO countries of the region. (HL) (1992) 146 Compare and contrast the role of religion in the settlement of TWO areas of the region. (HL) (1993) 167 Compare the reasons of TWO of the major imperial powers for undertaking colonization in the eighteenth century. (HL) (1994) 187 Compare and contrast the various types of labor in any TWO areas of the region in the second half of the eighteenth century. (HL) (1995) 207 How effective were TWO imperial powers in the government of their American colonies in the eighteenth century? (HL) (1996) 226 Compare and contrast the social and economic groupings of one Latin American and one North American colony in the eighteenth century. (HL) (1997)
Paper 03 Questions by Topic Page 2 246 Assess the impact of the Christian Churches on the native populations in the Americas during the colonial period. (HL) (1998) 271 Examine the role of religion in two colonies of the region. (HL) (1999) 296 Compare and contrast the treatment of indigenous peoples in two countries of the region in the eighteenth century. (HL) ( Nov. 99) 320 Analyze the social structure of the immigrant population of the colonial society in any two parts or countries of the region in the second half of the eighteenth century. (HL) (2000) 346 In what ways and for what reasons did the treatment of indigenous peoples in the eighteenth century differ in the Americas? At least two specific examples should be discussed. (HL) (2001) 371 To what extent did either Britain or France govern their colonies in the Americas for their own economic gain? (HL) (2002) 396 Explain why the treatment of indigenous peoples in the colonial period differed considerably according to the origin of the colonists.? (HL) (2003) 421 Compare and contrast the treatment of indigenous peoples in two countries of the region. (HL) (2004) 444 Compare and contrast the reasons for the establishment of slavery in two areas of the Americas. (HL) (2005) 469. Compare and contrast the main features of the administration of British and Spanish colonies by the middle of the eighteenth century. (HL) (2006) 494 Assess the role of Christianity in one of the following colonial areas: British; Spanish; French. (HL) (2006) 521 Analyse the effects of colonial rule on Native American societies in two areas of the region. (2008) Topic 2 Movement of Independence causes political, economic, social, intellecutal, religious and conflicts leading to war role of outside powers role of the social classes role of leadership: Washington, Jefferson, Bolivar, San Martin the Declaration of Independence
Paper 03 Questions by Topic Page 3 independence of Brazil Haitian Revolution and the Republic: Toussaint L Ouverture 2 Examine the view that the role of the mestizo during and after the Wars for Independence brought about significant changes in cultural, social and political order in Latin America. (1985) 20 Assess the nature and importance of the role of the Creoles in the Latin American Wars of Emancipation. (1987) 38 What were the major issues in the quarrel between Great Britain and her North American colonies in the years 1763-1776? (HL) (1988) 40 Assess the role of the individual leadership in the Latin American Wars of Emancipation. Include representatives of at least TWO different countries.(hl) (1988) 58 Why did Quebec not join the other thirteen colonies in their rebellion against Britain in 1776? (HL) (1989) 77 Why did the Thirteen Colonies rebel against Britain and how were they able to win their independence? (HL) (1990) 78 "A brilliant soldier but a poor politician." How far do you agree with this verdict on Simon Bolivar? (HL) (1990) 98 What was the role of class conflict in the Latin American Wars of Independence? (HL) (Nov 1991) 118 What were the roles of the different social classes in the Latin American Wars of Independence? (HL) (1991) 126 Why was Brazil's transition to independence basically peaceful? (HL) (1991) 128 "Wars of independence in the Americas were essentially conservative and not truly revolutionary at all." In reference to the aims of revolutionary leaders, to what extent do you agree with this assessment? Use at least TWO examples. (HL) (1992) 147 "The American Revolution and the Latin American Wars of Independence have absolutely nothing in common." Discuss. (HL) (1993) 168 Why did revolution occur in the United States in 1776 and not until after 1800 in Latin America? (HL) (1994) 188 Why were the causes of the wars of independence in Latin America more social than
Paper 03 Questions by Topic Page 4 political? (HL) (1995) 208 What similarities and what differences do you find in the causes of the American Revolution (1776) and the Latin American Wars of Independence (1810 and after)? (HL) (1996) 210 Haiti s achievement of independence was unique in the hemisphere. How far do you agree with this judgement? (HL) (1996) 227 By what groups and for what reasons was independence opposed in the United States in 1776 and in one Latin American country in 1810 and after? (HL) (1997) 247 Wars of independence in the Americas were primarily caused by political factors. To what extent do you agree with this statement for the period 1775 to 1850? (HL) (1998) 272 Most revolutions in the Americas merely replaced the colonial rulers with a homegrown political elite. How valid is this claim that Wars of Independence in the Americas during the eighteenth and early nineteenth century did not mark a radical change from the past? (HL) (1999) 273 Analyze the economic causes of (a) the War of Independence in the United States and (b) one War of Independence in Latin America. (HL) (1999) 297 How did conflicts and rivalries among European nations both help and hinder the struggles for independence in America? (HL Nov. 99) 321 Wars of Independence in the Americas were primarily caused by economic grievances. Discuss how far this claim is justified with reference to any one war of independence in the region in the period 1775 to 1850. (HL) (2000) 347 Compare and contrast the leadership role of two of the following in Wars of Independence in the US and Latin America: Washington, Jefferson, Bolivar, San Martin. (HL) (2001) 349 How did Brazil achieve independence from Portugal in the nineteenth century, and why was the Brazilian path to independence different from that of Spanish America? (HL) (2001) 347 Compare and contrast the leadership role of two of the following in Wars of Independence in the US and Latin America: Washington, Jefferson, Bolivar, San Martin. (HL) (2001) 372 Assess the impact on the social classes, in at least two countries in the Americas, of the Wars of Independence in those countries. (HL) (2002)
Paper 03 Questions by Topic Page 5 397 Analyze the role of different social classes in the Wars of Independence in either the United States or Latin America.? (HL) (2003) 398 Compare and contrast the role of leadership of two of the following: Washington, Jefferson, Bolivar, San Martin. (HL) (2003) 422 Analyze the role, and assess the impact, of outside powers on two wars of independence in the Americas. (HL) (2004) 445 "Wars of Independence in the Americas were primarily caused by political grievances." To what extent do you agree with this view? Support your answer with detailed reference to any one war of independence in the period 1775 to 1824. (HL) (2005) 470. Evaluate the relative impact of economic measures and political ideas, in promoting independence in two colonies of the region. (HL) (2006) 495 Compare and contrast the leadership roles of George Washington and Simon Bolivar in the Wars of Independence in the United States and Latin America. (HL) (2007) 522 To what extent were the ideas of the Enlightenment a cause of independence movements in either the United States or Latin America? (2008) 523 In what ways did the Declaration of Independence of 1776 justify the United States separation from Britain? (2008) Topic 3 Evolution of new governments and confederation United States Constitution: --Articles of Confederation, philosophical underpinnings; major compromises. Emergence of political parties in the USA to 1830 Role of the executive and the emergence of caudillos. Regionalism and definitions of authority. Rebellions of 1837: the Durham Report and responsible government. Confederation Period in Canada. British North America Act 1867: compromises and unresolved issues, sectionalism, and effects 1 "Both the conservatism and radicalism found in British North America (Canada) emerged through the influence of the United States. To what extent and why is this observation correct or incorrect from the time of the American Revolution to the rebellions in the Canadas? (1985) 3 Discuss the struggle between Montreal and New York for the trade of the continental
Paper 03 Questions by Topic Page 6 interior of North America (1814-1866), bringing other Canadian and American metropolitan centers into the discussion where appropriate. Why was New York successful? (1985) 4 Explain the contrasts in the success of representative forms of government adopted in the United States and in Latin America countries after Independence. (1985) 5 Compare and contrast the effects of westward expansion from the mid-eighteenth to the end of the nineteenth centuries on the Indians of any TWO of the following countries: Argentina; Canada; the United States. (1985) 18 How and with what success did the U.S. Constitution attempt to solve the problems of the Confederation period? (1987) 19 Why was the War of 1812 of vital importance to the Canadas? (1987) 22 What were the problems of colonial government in the Canadas in the first half of the nineteenth century? How did Canadians attempt to deal with them? (1987) 23 Identify and explain at least THREE issues that divided political parties in TWO of the following countries in the nineteenth century: the United States; Mexico; Argentina. (1987) 24 Trace the steps by which the border between the United States and Canada was established and explain why it was essentially unfortified. (1987) 39 Discuss the nature and extent of trade relations between the United States and Canada in the first half of the nineteenth century. (HL) (1988) 42 All of the Canadian provinces had good reason to oppose Confederation. Why then did it occur? (HL) (1988) 59 How revolutionary was the US Constitution? (HL) (1989) 60 How did the War of 1812 influence US/Canadian relations in the nineteenth century? (HL) (1989) 62 What impact did Lord Durham have on developments in Canada? (HL) (1989) 79 What is meant EITHER by "Jeffersonian Democracy" OR "Jacksonian Democracy"? Explain the importance of the Presidency of either man to the development of the United States. (HL) (1990) 99 Which features of the US Constitution were new? (HL) (Nov 1991)
Paper 03 Questions by Topic Page 7 101 What role did Britain play in establishing the Canadian Confederation of 1867? (HL) (Nov 1991) 119 Identify three problems of the Confederation period in the USA. How was each resolved in the constitution? (HL) (1991) 120 Why did the Americans invade Canada in 1812? (HL) (1991) 122 To what extent was the United States the catalyst in Canadian Confederation in 1867? (HL) (1991) 128 What were the main political issues of the Jeffersonian period and how were they resolved? (HL) (1992) 131 What were the main problems of Latin American countries in the generation following independence? Use examples from at least TWO countries (HL) (1992) 132 What problems did Confederation hope to solve in Canada? (HL) (1992) 148 To what extent was the United States Constitution revolutionary? (HL) (1993) 151 Which groups gained and which lost from the Canadian Confederation in 1867? (HL) (1993) 169 Discuss the role of leadership in the formation of new governments in TWO countries of the region in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. (HL) (1994) 171 Analyze the political problems of Upper and Lower Canada prior to the rebellions of 1837. (HL) (1994) 189 Compare the role of the executive in the new governments of TWO countries of the region before 1860. (HL) (1995) 191 What were the political problems in the Canadas in the first half of the nineteenth century? How did both the Canadians and the British attempt to deal with them? (HL) (1995) 193 Why did Brazil become a monarchy in 1822 and a republic in 1889? (HL) (1995) 209 What were the goals of the Constitutional Convention of 1787 and to what extent did it achieve them? (HL) (1996) 211 What were the forces favoring Confederation in Canada and why? (HL) (1996)
Paper 03 Questions by Topic Page 8 228 What were the political and economic problems of the Confederation period in the United States and how successful were attempts to solve them? (HL) (1997) 230 How successful was Confederation in responding to Canada s political and social problems? (HL) (1997) 248 What problems faced the United States under the Articles of Confederation and how far did the United States Constitution solve them? (HL) (1998) 249 Analyze the problems of Upper and Lower Canada prior to the rebellions of 1837. (HL) (1998) 274 How and why did Brazil achieve independence from Portugal in the nineteenth century? (HL) (1999) 298 Assess the impact of the War of 1812 on both Canada and the United States. (HL) (November 1999) 299 Was the United States Constitution a revolutionary document? (HL) (November 1999) 303 Evaluate the effects of economic effects of the British North America Act (1867) on Canada. (HL) (November 1999) 322 Compare the problems that emerged in the formation of new systems of goverrnment in two countries of the region after their war of independence. (HL) (2000) 348 I have already intimated to you the danger of parties.... (George Washington, Farewell Address, 1796) Why, despite George Washington s warnings, did political parties emerge in the US in the period 1796-1828? (HL) (2001) 349 How did Brazil achieve independence from Portugal in the nineteenth century, and why was the Brazilian path to independence different from that of Spanish America? (HL) (2001) 350 The causes of the 1837 rebellions in Upper and Lower Canada had little in common. How far do you agree with this claim? (HL) (2001) 373 To what extent were the grievances expressed in the Declaration of Independence successfully addressed by the Articles of Confederation? (HL) (2002) 374 In 1865, a Canadian politician said, The British North American colonies face a choice between Confederation or absorption into the United States. How accurate, in your opinion, was this observation? (HL) (2002)
Paper 03 Questions by Topic Page 9 399 What were the main features of the Articles of Confederation, and how successful was the government that resulted from them? (HL) (2003) 400 Discuss the reasons why the Durham Report recommended French-Canadian assimilation. (HL) (2003) 423 The Constitution of the United States, agreed between 1789 and 1791, was a revolutionary document for its time. To what extent do you agree with this claim? (HL) (2004) 446 Analyse the main problems facing the United States under the Articles of Confederation (1781). How far did the United States Constitution (1788) solve them? (HL) (2005) 471. Why did the Articles of Confederation fail to provide strong government'? (HL) (2006) 472. "The nineteenth century did not bring Latin America the order and prosperity that the liberators had hoped for." With reference to two or more countries, to what extent do you agree with this judgment? (HL) (2006) 496 For what reasons, and in what ways, was the United States constitution of 1787 a bundle of compromises? (HL) (2007) 497 Analyse the political problems of Upper and Lower Canada prior to the rebellions of 1837. (HL) (2007) 524 Using examples from at least one country, explain why the caudillos emerged in Latin America in the nineteenth century. (2008) 525 Analyse the internal and external factors that led to the establishment of the Canadian Confederation. (2008) Topic 4 Slavery in the Americas conditions of enslavement: adaptation and resistance the pro-slavery argument insurrections and reactions life of the free African-Americans pro-abolition arguments 21 "Slavery was essentially a benign system." Using examples from at least TWO countries in the region, evaluate this historical viewpoint. (1987)
Paper 03 Questions by Topic Page 10 41 "Although few of them were slave-holders, the majority of farmers feared the abolition of slavery." Evaluate this statement in the light of (A) the economic role of slavery and (B) the social implications of slavery in TWO countries in the region. (HL) (1988) 61 Beginning in the 1830s, national governments began to support and implement the end of enslavement. Compare methods of manumission and abolition in at least TWO countries of the region. (HL) (1989) 80 What social and economic roles did slavery serve in EITHER the United States OR Brazil in the nineteenth century? (HL) (1990) 100 "Slavery in Latin America and the Caribbean was profoundly different from slavery in the United States." How far do you agree with this assertion? (HL) (Nov 1991) 121 "Slaves were basically content with their position. White reformers stirred them up." With specific reference to (A) the nature of slavery and (B) the abolitionist movements, show how far you agree with this statement. Reference should be made to at least TWO countries from the Caribbean and/or mainland America. (HL) (1991) 129 Why were slave insurrections and revolts generally unsuccessful? Use examples from TWO countries. (HL) (1992) 149 Assess the economic profitability of slavery in TWO countries of the region. (HL) (1993 170 What were the major arguments for and against slavery in the period before 1860? (HL) (1994) 190 What were the major similarities and differences in the master-slave relationship in the slave cultures of any TWO countries in the region? (HL) (1995) 229 Who opposed slavery in the Americas and why? (HL) (1997) 250 In the nineteenth century blacks were allowed greater economic and social mobility in Latin America than in the United States. How do you account for this difference? (HL) (1998) 275 Analyze the reasons why slavery in the Americas was supported by different social and economic groups. (HL) (1999) 300 How and why did the antislavery movement in the United States change during the course
Paper 03 Questions by Topic Page 11 of the nineteenth century. (HL) (November 1999) 323 Why was the slave rebellion in Haiti successful, while slave rebellions elsewhere in the Americas before 1850 failed? (HL) (2000) 351 Analyze the major similarities and differences in the master-slave relationship in the slave culture of two countries of the region during the nineteenth century. (HL) (2001) 375 Analyze the conditions that produced slave insurrections either in the United States or Brazil. To what extent were these insurrections successful? (HL) (2002) 401 The wasteful economy of slavery was replaced by the productive economy based on salary. With reference to two countries of the region, explain to what extent you agree with this view. (HL) (2003) 424 Who opposed slavery in the Americas and why? (HL) (2004) 447 Analyse the main arguments of (a) those who supported slavery; (b) those who opposed slavery. (HL) (2005) 473. For what reasons and, in what ways, did supporters of slavery in the nineteenth century use legal, religious, and economic arguments in its defence'? (HL) (2006) 498 Evaluate the economic and social conditions of free African Americans in one country of the region during the nineteenth century. (HL) (2007) 526 For what reasons, and with what impact, did abolitionism develop in the north of the United States? (2008) Topic 5 United States Civil War: causes, course and effects Political, economic, social causes. The course of the war: the role of African-American soldiers; the role of women. The impact of the war on society. Abraham Lincoln and the role of leadership. Political, economic, and cultural effects. Reconstruction and the post-reconstruction South. 6 Why was it possible for the North and the South in the United States to reach a compromise on the issue of slavery expansion in 1820 and 1850 but not in 1860? (1985) 25 Assess the importance of slavery as a cause of the American Civil War. (1987) 44 Discuss the significance of the following relationship between North and South in the
Paper 03 Questions by Topic Page 12 period 1820-1860: (A) the Missouri Compromise (B) the Compromise of 1850 (C) the Kansas-Nebraska Act. (HL) (1988) 64 Were the causes of the American Civil War primarily political, social, or economic? (HL) (1989) 81 "The surprising fact is not that the Confederacy lost the American Civil War but that it survived as long as it did." Discuss. (HL) (1990) 103 What were the main political results of the Civil War in the United States? (HL) (Nov 1991) 124 What were the political issues underlying the American Civil War? (HL) (1991) 130 How important were the abolitionists in the coming of the Civil War? (HL) (1992) 150 In what ways and to what extent were race relations in the South changed by the Civil War in the United States? (HL) (1993) 173 How successful was Reconstruction following the American Civil War? (HL) (1994) 192 "The United States Civil was entirely an economic struggle" To what extent do you agree with this assessment? (HL) (1995) 212 To what extent was the expansion of slavery into the territories the primary cause of the United States Civil War? (HL) (1996) 231 What were the political causes and results of the US Civil War? (HL) (1997) 251 Assess the contribution made by African-American soldiers during the United States Civil War. (HL) (1998) 276 Assess the successes and failures of Reconstruction in granting civil and political equality for former slaves in the southern states of the United States. (HL) (1999) 301 It was the result of tensions between two ways of life. The war was caused by unnecessary fanatical agitations. Which of these explanations for the outbreak of the Civil War in the United States do you consider to be the most appropriate and why? (HL) (November 1999) 324 Compare the political, economic, and military strengths and weaknesses of the North and South United States at the beginning of the United States Civil War in 1863? (HL)
Paper 03 Questions by Topic Page 13 (2000) 325 The attempts in the Reconstruction period 1865 to 1877 to solve problems caused by the Civil War failed African-Americans. To what extent do you agree with this statement? (HL) (2000) 351 Abraham Lincoln has been given greater credit than he deserves for the emancipation of slaves in the US. How far do you agree with this statement? (HL) (2001) 376 To what extent did economic and social differences cause the United States Civil War? (HL) (2002) 402 Analyze the immediate and longer-term political effects of the United States Civil War in the period 1865 to 1896. (HL) (2003) 425 Why did the United States Civil War break out in 1861? (HL) (2004) 448 "Abraham Lincoln's leadership was the main reason why the Union won the Civil War." To what extent do you agree with this claim? (HL) (2005) 474. Assess the relative strengths of the North and the South at the beginning of the United States Civil War in 1861. (HL) (2006) 499 Why, in spite of the advantages of the North over the South, did the civil War in the United States last so long? (HL) (2007) 527 Why was compromise no longer possible between the North and the South in the United States by 1860? (2008) Topic 6 Economic and social developments in the Americas from the mid-19th century to 1919. economic modernization: policies, characteristics and effects neocolonialism and dependency industrial developments and their impact on the Americas territorial expansion and evolution of the railroads labor and agrarian movements external and internal population movements: immigrants and indigenous peoples, economic and social effects. women and reforms 28 Analyze the contribution made, and the problems posed, by immigrants to any TWO countries in the region. (1987)
Paper 03 Questions by Topic Page 14 45 What were the main problems in the creating of unified states that faced Argentina and Mexico in the nineteenth century? (HL) (1988) 43 Compare and contrast the role of the railroad in United States and Canadian growth. (HL) (1988) 46 Compare and contrast the patterns of urban growth in the United States and one country in Latin America prior to 1900. (HL) (1988) 47 Discrimination against Asians was a common problem in the western United States and Canada up to the First World War. Discuss the similarities in (A) origins of the prejudice and (B) the legal outcomes (HL) (1988) 48 What were the contributions of European immigrants in the twentieth century to the development of any TWO countries of the region. Be specific in reference to ethnic groups. (HL) (1988) 63 Describe the results of developing the transport systems in any TWO countries of the region the nineteenth century. (HL) (1989) 65 Compare and contrast the westward expansion of the United States and Canada. (HL) (1989) 66 Canada and most Latin American countries have been faced with serious cultural, geographic and linguistic obstacles to political integration. Choose ONE Latin American country and compare its approach to this problem with that of Canada. (HL) (1989) 70 Discuss the national origins and internal settlement patterns of European immigrants in TWO of the following in the period 1890-1920: (A) Canada; (B) the United States; (C) Argentina. (HL) (1989) 82 Compare and contrast the role of the railroad in the western expansion of the United States and Canada. (HL) (1990) 102 Compare and contrast the growth of industry before 1860 to any TWO countries of the region. (HL) (Nov 1991) 110 What were the politics behind government involvement or non-involvement in the economies of TWO countries in the region between 1890 and 1914? (HL) (Nov 1991) 125 How successful was the National Policy in Canada? (HL) (1991) 133 During the nineteenth century, the United States, Canada and Latin America turned to railroad construction to solve perceived problems. What were these problems and how successful were railroads in solving them in TWO countries of the region? (HL) (1992)
Paper 03 Questions by Topic Page 15 134 Compare the policies for settlement of unpopulated areas in the second half of the nineteenth century in TWO countries of the region? (HL) (1992) 152 Using specific examples from TWO countries, explain what factors influenced the growth of cities in the second half of the nineteenth century. (HL) (1993) 153 Compare the political and economic reasons for westward expansion in TWO countries in the region 1870 to 1900. (HL) (1993) 155 Compare the economic and cultural impact of immigration in any TWO countries of the region, 1890 to 1920. (HL) (1993) 172 Describe the progress of industrialization in any TWO countries of the region in the first half of the nineteenth century. (HL) (1994) 174 Describe and explain the reasons for the patterns of population growth in TWO countries of the region in the nineteenth century. (HL) (1994) 176 Compare the treatment of Asian immigrants in TWO countries of the region, 1890 to 1925. (HL) (1994) 194 How were native peoples treated during the territorial expansion of at least TWO countries of the region in the nineteenth century? (HL) (1995) 195 Which groups contributed to and benefitted from urbanization in TWO Latin American cities in the nineteenth century? (HL) (1995) 200 "The economic problems of Latin American countries all result from monoculture." Evaluate the statement using examples from at least TWO countries. (HL) (1995) 214 In the nineteenth century, immigration was the most important factor in economic growth Assess this view with evidence from TWO countries in the region. (HL) (1996) 232 Analyze the economic issues in Chile in the second half of the nineteenth century, and the various attempts to resolve them. (HL) (1997) 252 Examine the main characteristics of immigration and discuss its impact on one Latin American country during the second half of the nineteenth century. (HL) (1998) 277 Explain the various reasons for the growth of railroads in the region in the period before 1914. Support your answer with specific examples from two countires of the region. (HL) (1999) 302 Explain the effects of economic dependency in two countries of Latin America in the late
Paper 03 Questions by Topic Page 16 nineteenth century. (HL) (November 1999) 326 Analyze the factors which contributed to the movement of population in any two countries of Latin America in the second half of the nineteenth century. (HL) (2000) 353 Examine the positive and negative effects of immigration in two Latin American countries during the second half of the nineteenth century. (HL) (2001) 355 Examine the causes for, and the impact of, the growth of union in two countries of the region in the period 1890 to 1920. (HL) (2001) 353 Examine the positive and negative effects of immigration in two Latin American countries during the second half of the nineteenth century. (HL) (2001) 377 Define economic dependency and account for its emergence in, and importance for, one country of Latin America in the late nineteenth century. (HL) (2002) 253 How successful were French-Canadians outside the province of Quebec in retaining their linguistic and minority educational rights between 1867 and 1914? (HL) (1998) 277 Explain the various reasons for the growth of railroads in the region in the period before 1914. Support your answer with specific examples from two countires of the region. (HL) (1999) 403 Using specific evidence from one or more countries in the region, assess to what extent immigrants expectations of social and economic opportunities were fulfilled in the period 1865 to 1919. (HL) (2003) 426 Explain the problems faced by Canada between 1867 and 1900. To what extent had the problems been overcome by the end of this period? (HL) (2004) 427 In what ways, and for what reasons, were there changes in immigration policies in the second half of the nineteenth century in one country of the region? (HL) (2004) 450 In what ways, and to what extent, did the building of railroads stimulate economic activity in the Americas in the second half of the nineteenth century?(hl) (2005) 476. Explain why there was a high level of immigration into one country of the region, in the second half of the nineteenth century. (HL) (2006) 500 Assess the impact of immigration on one country of the region from the mid nineteenth to the early twentieth century. (HL) (2007) 528 In what ways did the building of railroads stimulate economic activity in one country of
Paper 03 Questions by Topic Page 17 the Americas in the second half of the nineteenth century? (2008) Topic 7 Political developments in the Americas from the mid-19th century to 1919 evolution of political institutions and ideological currents and movements progressives foreign and trade relations: Britain and France domestic policies involvement in the First World War African-Americans: Booker T. Washington and WEB DuBois. Role of leadership: Theodore Roosevelt, Woodrow Wilson, John A. MacDonald, or a Latin American leader of the candidate s choice. 9 Discuss the origins, nature and results of Canada's National Policy of tariff protection to 1914. (1985) 11 Discuss the causes and effects of the rise of the caudillo in Latin America, with specific reference to THREE caudillo from different countries. (1985) 83 Explain the significance of (A) the Durham Report and the Act of Union 1838-40 and (B) the British North America Act of 1867 in the development of Canadian self-government. (HL) (1990) 104 Evaluate MacDonald's 'National Policy' with regard to (A) immigration; (B) transportation; and (C) tariff protection. (HL) (Nov 1991) 110 What were the politics behind government involvement or non-involvement in the economies of TWO countries in the region between 1890 and 1914? (HL) (Nov 1991) 154 Explain the failure of representative government in TWO countries of Latin America in the nineteenth century. (HL) (1993) 159 What did Canada hope to gain by sending armed forces outside her borders in: (A) the Nile Campaign and (B) the Boer War? (HL) (1993) 175 Around what issues did political parties form in Latin America in the nineteenth century? With reference to TWO countries, explain the differences and similarities in issues and parties. (HL) (1994) 199 Why was the First World War so important both politically and economically to Canada's development as a nation?" (HL) (1995) 213 Compare the success of representative government in any TWO countries of the region in the nineteenth century. (HL) (1996)
Paper 03 Questions by Topic Page 18 217 The National Policy was a complete success. Evaluate its major aspects in relation to the statement. (HL) (1996) 237 Assess the importance of the conscription crisis in Canada s national development. (HL) (1997) 278 Discuss the short-term and long-term results of the British North America Act (1867) on Canada. (HL) (1999) 303 Evaluate the effects of economic effects of the British North America Act (1867) on Canada. (HL) (November 1999) 327 Explain the challenges faced by Canada between Confederation in 1867 and 1900, and assess how successfully they were overcome. (HL) (2000) 352 To what extent, and for what reasons, did French-Canadians outside Quebec province retain their linguistic and minority educational rights between 1867 and 1914? (HL) (2001) 358 Analyze the impact of the First World War upon the political and economic development of Canada between 1914 and 1930. (HL) (2001) 378 Analyze the treatment of the indigenous people of Western Canada between Confederation and the First World War. (HL) (2002) 405 In what ways and for what reasons, did the aims of the progressives appeal to people in the Americas from the late 1890s to 1914? Support your answer with specific evidence from one or more countries in the region. (HL) (2003) 429 Compare and contrast the ideas of Booker T. Washington and W. E. B. Du Bois on improving the position of African-Americans in the United States. (HL) (2004) 449 Why were many Canadian provinces initially opposed to Confederation, and why did some of them join the Confederation in 1867 sanctioned by the British North America Act? (HL) (2005) 452 What were the aims of the Progressives, and to what extent were they achieved by 1920? Support your answer with specific examples from one or more countries of the region. (HL) (2005) 454 Compare and contrast the views of Booker T Washington (1856-1915) and Martin Luther King Jnr (1929-68) on the advancement of African-Americans. (HL) (2005) 475. Why were some Canadian provinces not interested in Confederation by 1867? (HL)
Paper 03 Questions by Topic Page 19 (2006) 478. Explain how and why the position of African Americans improved in United States society between 1877 and 1945. (HL) (2006) 501 It was the U-boat campaign of 1917 which brought the United States into the First World War. To what extent would you agree with this statement? (HL) (2007) 529 Analyse the domestic and foreign policies of one leader in one country of the region between 1850 and 1919. (2008) 530 Assess the significance of Booker T Washington in the advancement of African-American rights. (2008) Topic 8 Cultural and intellectual developments in the Americas from the mid-19th century to the First World War liberalism, nationalism, positivism, romanticism, social Darwinism the arts, music and literature reform and increase of education technological and scientific developments 404 Assess the influence of intellectuals on society in one country in the region in the period 1890 to 1919. (HL) (2003) 428 Analyze the main features and impact of one cultural or one intellectual development in the Americas in the period from 1850 to 1919. (HL) (2004) 451 Compare and contrast the aims of education in any two countries of the region, in the period 1850 to 1919. (HL) (2005) 479 Analyse the main literary trends in two countries of the region between the 1850s and 1920s. (HL) (2006) 502 Analyse the main features and impact of one cultural or intellectual development in the Americas in the period 1850 to 1919. (HL) (2007) 531 Evaluate the influence of intellectuals on society in one country of the region during the period 1890 to 1919. (2008) Topic 9 United States Foreign Policy in Latin America, 1898 to 1945 Background of United States policy, The Monroe Doctrine and its redefinitions. Establishment of spheres of influence--spanish-american War; the Big Stick; Dollar Diplomacy.
Paper 03 Questions by Topic Page 20 Good Neighbor Policy and war-time alliances; Franklin D. Roosevelt. Central America, including Panama, Nicaragua, and Cuba. 29 Compare and contrast U.S.-Latin American relations during the presidencies of Theodore Roosevelt and Franklin D. Roosevelt. (1987) 69 Define the nature and assess the effectiveness of the US "Dollar Diplomacy" policy in Latin America between 1900 and 1933. (HL) (1989) 128 What similarities and differences were there in the foreign policies of Theodore Roosevelt and Franklin Delano Roosevelt towards Latin America? (HL) (1991) 136 Trace the evolution of United States foreign policy in regard to Cuba from 1898 to 1959. (HL) (1992) 156 Why did the United States intervene so frequently in Central America before the Second World War? (HL) (1993) 177 Why was Panama the last republic in the region to gain independence and how did this occur? (HL) (1994) 197 How far was the Spanish-American War a turning-point in relations between the United States and Latin America? (HL) (1995) 218 Compare the Latin American policies of TWO United States presidents between 1900 and 1930. (HL) (1996) 235 Was Woodrow Wilson s Latin American policy consistent with his Fourteen Points? (HL) (1997) 256 How far was the United States successful in implementing a closed door policy in Latin America between 1898 and 1914? (HL) (1998) 280 Compare and contrast Woodrow Wilson s and Franklin D. Roosevelt s latin American foreign policy. (HL) (1999) 305 How did the Spanish - American War change United States policy toward the Caribbean? (HL) (November 1999) 330 For what reasons, and with what results, did the United States intervene in Latin America in the period 1898 to 1932? (HL) (2000) 356 In what ways and for what reasons, did the US intervene in Latin America in the period 1898 to 1932? (HL) (2001)
Paper 03 Questions by Topic Page 21 381 How successful was the United States foreign policy towards Latin America in the first decade of the twentieth century? (HL) (2002) 406 With reference to two countries in the region, analyse the reasons for, and the effects of, the Good Neighbor Policy of the United States.. (HL) (2003) 430 Analyze the key developments of United States policy in Latin America in the period 1898 to 1936. (HL) (2004) 453 "The Spanish-American War of 1898 was a turning point in relations between the United States and Latin America." To what extent do you agree with this statement? (HL) (2005) 479. "The main aim of Franklin Roosevelt's policy towards Latin America (1933-45) was to improve relations between the two regions." Assess the validity of this statement. (HL) (2006) 503 Compare and contrast the policies towards Latin America of two United States presidents between 1900 and 1945. (HL) (2007) 532 Define what the Monroe Doctrine was and analyse how it was applied in the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century. Support your answer with specific examples. (2008) Topic 10 The Mexican Revolution: 1910 to 1940 Causes and course of the revolution. Aims and roles of the leaders--including Zapata and Pancho Villa. The Constitution of 1917. Effects--immediate and long-term; political, social, economic and cultural The role of the USA. 11 Compare and explain the outcomes of two revolutions in Latin America, one successful, and one unsuccessful. (1985) 30 Compare and contrast TWO twentieth century Latin American revolutions with respect to (a) causes, (b) goals, (c) leadership and (d) achievements and failures. (1987) 49 What were the aims of the leaders of the Mexican Revolution? How far had these aims been achieved by 1940? (HL) (1988) 68 To what extent did the Mexican Revolution succeed? (HL) (1989) 105 What were the main problems in Mexico in the second half of the nineteenth century and how successful were both the proposed and the attempted solutions? (HL) (Nov 1991) 137 Why did the Mexican Revolution last so long? (HL) (1992)
Paper 03 Questions by Topic Page 22 158 What were the results of the Mexican Revolution? (HL) (1993) 198 "The revolution that began in Mexico in 1910 was the most genuine of the many Latin American revolutions up to that time." To what extent do you support this statement? (HL) (1995) 216 Who deserves the title Father of the Mexican Revolution and why? (HL) (1996) 236 What were the economic problems which caused the Mexican Revolution and to what extent were they solved by the Constitution of 1917? (HL) (1997) 257 Evaluate the extent to which the leaders of the Mexican Revolution could be considered as either revolutionaries or reformers. (HL) (1998) 281 Emiliano Zapata s aim was Land and Freedom. How successful and how lasting was the influence of Zapata on the Mexican Revolution? (HL) (1999) 282 Analyze the role of the United States in the Mexican Revolution. (HL) (1999) 306 Francisco Madero has been called the Father of the Mexican Revolution. To what extent do you agree with this description? (HL) (November 1999) 331 The Mexican Revolution of the early twentieth century was not one but two revolutions, one led by reformers and the other led by revolutionaries. To what extent do you agree with this view? (HL) (2000) 357 How important were economic grievances in causing the Mexican Revolution that began in 1910 and to what extent were these grievances solved by the Constitution of 1917? (HL) (2001) 358 How important were economic grievances in causing the Mexican Revolution that began in 1910, and to what extent were these grievances solved by the Constitution of 1917? (HL) (2001) 382 To what extent were the aims of Emiliano Zapata and Pancho Villa realised during the Mexican Revolution (1910 to 1940)? (HL) (2002) 407 To what extent did foreign intervention prolong the Mexican Revolution?. (HL) (2003) 431 By the end of the 1920s the original objectives of the Mexican Revolution had been abandoned. To what extent do you agree with this judgment? (HL) (2004) 455 How successful were both moderates and radicals in achieving their aims in the Mexican Revolution by the end of the 1920s? (HL) (2005)
Paper 03 Questions by Topic Page 23 480. Examine the major stages of the Mexican Revolution (1910-20) and explain the programmes of three of the most important leaders. (HL) (2006) 506 Analyse the political causes of the Mexican Revolution of 1910. (HL) (2007) 533 Compare and contrast the aims of Pancho Villa and Emiliano Zapata in the Mexican Revolution (1910 1 923) (2008) Topic 11 The Great Depression in the Americas impact of the First World War in the Americas economic growth in the 1920s causes of the Depression: United States, Canada, Latin America impact on society: the changing view of government s role i nthe economy; effects on minorities nature and efficacy of solutions: Canada: MacKenzie King and R. B. Bennett; Latin America: Vargas of Brazil and Concordancia of Argentina; USA: Hoover, Franklin D. Roosevelt and the New Deal. Import Substitution Industrialization (ISI) in Latin America; causes and effects. 32 Compare and contrast the economic impact of the 1929 Depression on TWO of the following: (a) the United States (b) Canada (c) one country in Latin America. (1987) 33 What were the antecedents of the New Deal programs? How "new" was the New Deal? (1987) 54 Describe how two countries of the region attempted to deal with the Depression of 1929. (HL) (1988) 89 How effective was the New Deal in solving the problems facing the United States in the 1930s? (HL) (1990) 111 "The Roosevelt Revolution": is this an appropriate description of the 1930s in the United States? (HL) (Nov 1991) 131 To what extent did the New Deal solve the problems of the Great Depression the United States? Be specific with regard to problems and programs. (HL) (1991) 139 What were the problems of labor in the Great Depression and how did TWO countries of the region attempt to solve them? (HL) (1992) 160 Give examples from TWO countries in the region which made significant changes in their economic systems in response to the Great Depression. (HL) (1993)
Paper 03 Questions by Topic Page 24 180 What lasting changes did the Great Depression (1929) bring to the economic structures of any TWO countries of the region? (HL) (1994) 219 Evaluate the programs of TWO countries in the region for solving the Depression (1929) problems of labor and the farmer. (HL) (1996) 240 How and to what extent was the economic role of government changed by the Great Depression of 1929? Draw your examples from at least TWO countries in the region. (HL) (1997) 258 What changes in economic philosophy did the Great Depression produce in the Americas? Reference should be made to at least two countries in the region. (HL) (1998) 283 How successful was Import Substitution Industrialization (I.S.I.) in the 1930s and 1940s in two Latin American countries? (HL) (1999) 307 Examine the causes of the Great Depression in two countries of the region. (HL) (November 1999) 333 How and why did F. D. Roosevelt s domestic policies in the 1930s affect the power of the presidency, the power of the states and attitudes towards governemnt regulation of the economy? (HL) (2000) 360 With reference to any two countries in the region, evaluate the effectiveness of governmental programs in solving the problems confronting agriculture and industry during the Great Depression. (HL) (2001) 383 Assess the impact of the Great Depression on the society of any one country of the region. Provide specific examples to support your answer. (HL) (2002) 408 How successful were government programs in solving the Great Depression in two countries of the region? (HL) (2003) 433 How, and with what success, did the government of any one country in the Americas try to solve the problems caused by the Great Depression? (HL) (2004) 456 With reference to one country of the region, analyse the causes of the Great Depression and assess the political impact of the Great Depression on that country. (HL) (2005) 482. Analyse the causes of the Great Depression in one country in the Americas. (HL) (2006) 507 To what extent was the Wall Street crash a cause of the Great Depression of 1929? Support your argument with specific examples from one country of the region (HL) (2007)
Paper 03 Questions by Topic Page 25 534 The Great Depression changed governments views of their role and responsibility. With reference to two countries of the region, to what extent do you agree with this statement? (2008) Topic 12 th Canadian politics in the first half of the 20 century French-Canadian nationalism impact of the world wars: conscription, nationalism, sovereignty regionalism and minorities relations with the United States and Britain the Commonwealth of Nations 10 "Most Canadians love the British Empire with a passion in 1896, but by the end of the 1950's the British connection had lost much of its appeal." What were the reasons for this development? (1985) 15 Why, and with what effects, did Canada and a number of Latin American countries experience a rapid expansion of settlement and agriculture at the beginning of the twentieth century? (1985) 27 At the beginning of the twentieth century, the vote seemed the remedy to women's unequal status. Compare and contrast the effects of gaining the suffrage on women's lives in TWO countries of the region. (1987) 51 What were the major issues of Canadian political life in the inter-war period and how were they resolved? (HL) (1988) 71 Compare Canadian and US foreign policy in the inter-war period (1919-1939). (HL) (1989) 138 Why did Canada take so long to achieve her independence from Britain? (HL) (1992) 179 Evaluate the contributions of Wilfrid Laurier to Canadian growth, 1896 to 1911. (HL) (1994) 259 How and why did the relationship between Canada and Britain change between 1900 and 1931? (HL) (1998) 284 Analyze the political and economic impact of the First World War on Canada. (HL) (1999) 308 Analyze the relations between Canada and the United States in the first half of the twentieth century? (HL) (November 1999)
Paper 03 Questions by Topic Page 26 332 As a result of the First World War, Canadians were much more united in 1918 than they had been in 1914. How justified is this claim? (HL) (2000) 334 With reference to both domestic and foreign policy, assess the achievements and limitations of Mackenzie King as Prime Minister of Canada. (HL) (2000) 359 Analyze the impact of the First World War upon the political and economic development of Canada between 1914 and 1930. (HL) (2001) 384 In what ways, and for what reasons, did the relationship between Canada and Britain change between 1900 and 1931? (HL) (2002) 409 The political and economic impact of the First World War on Canada was more positive than negative. How far do you agree with this judgment?. (HL) (2003) 432 Examine the immediate and longer-term effects of the First World War on the economimc and political development of Canada. (HL) (2004) 457 In what ways, and for what reasons, did the relationship between Canada and Britain change between 1900 and 1939? (HL) (2005) 481. Analyse the main developments in Canada's economic relations with the United States in the first half of the twentieth century. (HL) (2006) 508 How and why did the relationship between canada and Britain change between 1900 and 1931? (HL) (2007) 535 Analyse the short-term and long-term effects of the First World War on the economic and political development of Canada. (2008) th Topic 13 Latin American politics in the first half of the 20 century evolution of nationalism, indigenism, and populism role of the military leaders, single-party states and populism: Vargas, Perón nature and effectiveness of dissent 30 Compare and contrast TWO twentieth century Latin American revolutions with respect to (a) causes, (b) goals, (c) leadership and (d) achievements and failures. (1987) 34 Explain the rise and fall of Juan Peron and evaluate his impact on Argentina. (1987) 90 Who supported and who opposed Juan Peron in Argentina between 1943 and 1955? (HL) (1990)