1 PUBLIC SECTOR - PRIVATE SECTOR RELATIONS, 50:567 SCHOOL OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION CARLETON UNIVERSITY Summer 1988 This was a standard graduate course at the masters level in the Carleton Public Administration Program. I had taken the course from Rianne Mahon in 1983. The School of Public Administration often used sessional lecturers to multiply the times popular courses were offered in any given year. When I was invited to teach the course during the summer term in 1988 I was happy for the opportunity since I had not had an opportunity to teach since the summer of 1986. I had used the outline of this course as a basis for my input into the Business-Government Relations course at Dalhousie in 1986. The Public Sector-Private Sector course covered themes overlapping with business-government relations but with a much stronger sociological and political economy orientation. The course design and reading list were well established and I inherited them. The course usually had a strong Canadian and first world orientation. The major innovation that I was able to introduce was to add to the course an international (development) stream. This was done at the request of several MA students who were doing international studies and who knew my particular interest in development policy. I developed a second reading list for the international stream. The students met as a single class but there were often alternative readings for each stream. Assignments could pursue either stream.
2 CARLETON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION PUBLIC SECTOR - PRIVATE SECTOR RELATIONS, 50:567 Instructor: John F. Devlin Summer 1988 <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Course Description The course examines various theoretical perspectives on the relationships between the public sector and the private sector, between state and society. The articles on the reading list have been selected to introduce liberal, social democratic, Marxist and neo-conservative views. The choice reflects the spectrum of positions represented in current debates on political sociology, political-economy and the state. Although the readings express differing theoretical positions none should be dismissed as mere "ideology". A11 have analytic value and have served as the conceptual basis for some policy analysts and practitioners. Required Reading There are two texts for the course: Samuel Bowles and Herbert Gintis Democracy and Capitalism: Property, Community and the Contradictions of Modern Social Thought (New York: Basic Books, 1987) Murry Knuttila State Theories (Toronto: Garamond Press, 1987) Both texts are available at Octopus Books, 732 Bank Street, te1. 236-2589 All other readings are available in either the Public Administration Resource Centre, Room 1020, Davidson Dunton Tower or at the Reserve Desk, main floor of the MacOdrum Library. Efforts will be made to have all readings available at both locations. Questions will be announced for each week's readings. Their purpose is to help you focus your reading for class discussions. The questions also serve as a suggested list of essay topics. Procedure The class is a seminar. It is important that readings be completed in advance of the class. Seminar discussion will be directed by the instructor so that all students are called upon to participate. The importance of participation is reflected in the allocation of 25 per cent of the final grade to class participation. Many students will find the first sets of readings difficult. The readings focus on a single theme but represent alternative approaches. The discussion questions should be used to identify the
3 central issues in each reading and draw out the features of the alternative approaches. Later readings build upon the themes and ideas set out in the earlier classes. Assignments Students are required to submit three (3) short essays, five to eight typewritten pages each (1,250 to 2,000 words). No essay exceeding 2,000 words will be accepted. There is one essay to be written for each of the three major divisions of the course. Evaluation 25% Seminar Participation 25% Each Essay Essays are due on June 28, July 19, and August 12
4 COURSE OUTLINE PART 1: THE ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL BASES OF POLITICS Week 1: INTRODUCTION (24 May) There is no required reading for this class. The instructor will present an introduction to the important themes of the course. There will be a discussion of assignments and other requirements. Recognizing that students will be coming to this course from a variety of academic backgrounds, the bulk of the class will be devoted to a discussion of basic concepts central to the discussion of politics and political-economy. This discussion will help to orient students and will provide the instructor with some idea of strengths and weaknesses within the class. Week 2: PROPERTY, FREEDOM AND RIGHTS (31 May) Milton Friedman, Capitalism and Freedom "Introduction" and Ch. 1, "The Relation Between Economic Freedom and Political Freedom" pp. 1-21 ( HB 501. F7) Bowles and Gintis (TEXT) Ch. 2 "Past: Citizens, Property and the Clash of Rights" pp. 27-51 Macpherson, C.B. "Elegant Tombstones: A Note on Friedman's Freedom" Canadian Journal of Political Science Vol. 1, #1 (March) 1968, pp. 95-106 Knuttila (TEXT) "Classical Liberalism" Ch.1, pp. 13-24 Questions 1. Friedman argues that freedom is rooted in the market economy. Bowles and Gintis disagree as does Macpherson. Is this disagreement rooted in different ways of defining "freedom", in different ways of operationalizing freedom or in something else? How would you define "freedom"? 2. Between the two assertions, "The rights of property should take precedence over all other rights" and "The rights of property should be abolished" most of us will seek some middle ground. Where is your middle ground and with reference to the readings how would you justify it in relation to the extreme positions. 3. What are "rights"?
5 Week 3: PROPERTY AND POWER (June 7) Bowles and Gintis (TEXT) Ch. 3 "Economy: The Political Foundations of Production and Exchange", pp. 64-91 R. Rowthorn, "Neo-Classicism, Neo-Ricardianism and Marxism" New Left Review 86 READ SECTION III ONLY, pp. 75-87 Knuttila (TEXT) Ch. 3 "Elite Theory" pp. 50-63 Leo Panitch, "Elite, Classes and Power in Canada" in Canadian Politics in the 80s, M. Whittington and G.Williams, eds. pp. 229-241 Week 4: OTHER DIMENSIONS OF POWER AND POLITICS (June l4) Bowles and Gintis (TEXT) Ch. 4 "Structure: The Mosaic of Domination" pp. 92-120 Galbraith, John Kenneth Economics and the Public Purpose (New York: Signet, 1975) Ch. 1 & 5; pp. 3-10, 38-50 Shulamith Firestone "The Dialectic of Sex" in A.M. Jaggar and P.S. Rothenberg Feminist Frameworks pp. 136-143 Wallace Clement "Property and Proletarianization: Transformation of Simple Commodity Producers in Canadian Farming and Fishing" in Clement Class, Power and Property; Essays on Canadian Society Ch. 10, pp. 225-243 Micheline Dumont The Women's Movement: Then and Now Andre Gunder Frank "The Development of Underdevelopment" reprinted in Charles K. Wilber The Political Economy of Development and Underdevelopment pp. 99-108 Lisa Leghorn and Katherine Parker "Shouldering the High Cost of Development" in Woman's Worth Ch.2, pp. 33-59 (HQ1381.L32)
6 Week 5: THE EVOLUTION OF LIBERAL DEMOCRATIC THEORY (June 21) Knuttila (TEXT) Ch. 1 "Classical Liberalism" particularly pp. 24-30 J. Schumpeter, "The Classical Doctrine of Democracy" and "Another Theory of Democracy" Chs. 21 and 22 in Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy Boles and Gintis (TEXT) "The Waning of the Madisonian Accommodation" pp. 51-55 Knuttila (TEXT) Ch. 4 "Pluralism" pp. 64-80 J. Brodie and J. Jensen Crisis, Challenge and Change Ch. 1 "Classes, Parties and Elections" pp. 1-17 Myron Weiner "Empirical Democratic Theory" in M. Weiner and E. Ozbudun Competitive Elections in Developing Countries Ch. 1, pp. 3-34 PART 2: THE EVOLUTION OF MODERN POLITICAL-ECONOMIES Week 6: THE STATE AND STATE AUTONOMY (June 28) Knuttila Ch. 2 "Sociological Concepts" particularly pp. 37-49 Ch. 5 "Classical Marxism" pp. 81-104 Ch. 6 "Neo-Marxist Theories of the State" pp. 105-128 Theda Skocpol "Bringing the State Back In: Strategies of Analysis in Current Research" in P.B. Evans, D. Rueschemeyer and T. Skocpol Bringing The State Back In Ch. 1, pp. 3-37 Clive Y. Thomas "State Power and Class Power: Autonomization in the Periphery" in Thomas The Rise of the Authoritarian State in Peripheral Societies Ch. 6, pp. 67-81
7 Week 7: THE EVOLUTION OF THE KEYNESIAN-WELFARE STATE (July 5) Bowies and Gintis (TEXT) "Contingent Harmonies: The Keynesian Accommodation as History" pp. 55-62 Peter Gourevitch "The Politics of Economic Policy" in Politics in Hard Times Ch. 1, pp. 17-34 C. Offe, "Competitive Party Democracy and the Keynesian Welfare State" in T. Ferguson and J. Rogers, eds. The Political Economy: in the Politics and Economics of American Public Policy M. Kalecki, "Political Aspects of Full Employment" in Ferguson and Rogers The Political Economy H.M. Hernes, "Women and the Welfare State: The Transition from Private to Public Dependence" in H. Hotter, ed., Patriarchy in a Welfare Society Ch. 2, pp. 26-45 [ HQ1683.P38 ] D.A. Wolfe, "The Rise and Demise of the Keynesian Era in Canada: Economic Policy, 1930-1982" in M.S. Cross and G.S. Kealy Modern Canada 1930-1980s: in Canadian Social History Clive Thomas "The Rise of the Authoritarian State" in The Rise of the Authoritarian State in Peripheral Societies Ch. 7, pp. 82-98 [ JF60.T46 ] Nigel Harris "The End of National Reformism" in The End of the Third World Ch. 8, pp. 187-203 Week 8: 12) THE INTERNATIONALIZATION OF THE POST-WAR ECONOMIES (July E.A. Brett "The Post-War Political Settlement" and "Multinational Corporations, Nation States, World Economy" Chs. 3 and 4 in Brett The World Economy since the War pp. 62-102 Jorge Niosi and Philippe Faucher "The Decline of North American Industry: The United States and Canada" in J. Holmes and C. Leys Frontyard/Backyard Ch. 3, pp. 57-78 Rianne Mahon "The textile case: a political economy approach" in Mahon The Politics of Industrial Restructuring: Canadian Textiles Ch. 1, pp. 6-25
8 Roger Dale "Nation state and international system: The world-system perspective" in G. McClennan, D. Held and S. Hall (eds.) The Idea of the Modern State Ch. 7, pp. 183-207 James Petras "The 'Peripheral State': Continuity and Change in the International Division of Labour" in Petras Capitalist and Socialist Crises in the Late Twentieth Century (HC59.C2645) PART III: STATE AND SOCIETY Week 9: THE EVOLVING CRISIS (July 19) A. Lipietz, "The Globalization of the General Crisis of Fordism, 1967-84" in J. Holmes and C. Leys, eds. Frontyard/Backyard: The Americas in the Global Crisis L. Panitch and D. Swartz From Consent to Coercion Chs. 1, 2 & 3 John Calvert "Regressive Tax Policies and the Undermining of Government Finances" in J. Calvert Government Limited: The Corporate Takeover of the Public Sector in Canada Ch. 5, pp. 88-103 E.A. Brett "The LDCs and the Official Agencies" in The World Economy Since the War Ch. 8, pp. 207-228 E. A. Brett "Private Banks, LDC Debt, Global Disequilibrium" in The World Economy Since the War Ch. 9, pp. 229-248 Week 10: INTERVENTIONIST AGENDAS (August 2) S. Strange, "Protectionism and World Politics" International Organization Vol. 39, No. 2 (1985) Richard Harris "Beyond Comparative Advantage: The Paradigm Problem" in D. Cameron The Free Trade Papers Ch. 12, pp. 97-106 Peter Katzenstein "Small Nations in an Open International Economy: The Converging Balance of State and Society in Switzerland and Austria" in Bringing the State Back In Ch. 7, pp. 227-251
9 R. Mahon, "Textiles and the politics of industrial restructuring: into the 1980s" Ch. 8 in The Politics of Industrial Restructuring: Canadian Textiles pp. 129-150 L. Panitch, "Capitalist Restructuring and Labour Strategies" Studies in Political Economy Vol. 24 (Autumn 1987) Nigel Harris "States and Economic Development" in The End of the Third World Ch. 6, pp. 145-169 Peter Evans "Class, state and dependence in East Asia: Lessons for Latin Americanists" in F.C. Deyo The Political Economy of the New Asian Industrialism Ch. 7, pp. 203-226 Week 11: THE NEO-CONSERVATIVE AGENDA (July 26) Milton Friedman Capitalism and Freedom Ch. 2 "The Role of Government in a Free Society" pp. 22-36 George Gilder Wealth and Poverty Chs. 1, 4, 7, 8, 18, 19, 21 R. Whitaker "Neo-Conservatism and the State" Socialist Register 1987 C. Leys "Neo-Conservatism and the Organic Crisis in Britain" Studies in Political Economy 4, 1980 E. Brett "States, Markets and Private Power in the Developing World: Problems and Possibilities" IDS Bulletin Vol. 18, No 3, pp. 31-37 Week 12: THE DEMOCRATIC AGENDA (August 9) Bowies and Gintis, Ch. 5 "Action: Learning and Choosing" pp. 121-151 Ch. 7 "Future: Postliberal Democracy" pp. 176-213 Alec Nove The Economics of Feasible Socialism Part 5, pp. 197-230
10 Warren Magnusson "Local Autonomy and Community Politics" in W. Magnusson et al. After Bennet pp. 227-242 R.B.J. Walker "Politics, Ideology and Everyday Life" in After Bennet pp. 325-335 E.A. Brett "Conclusion: Out of Anarchy" in The World Economy Since the War: The Politics of Uneven Development pp. 249-272 Clive Thomas "The Rise of the Authoritarian State" in The Rise of the Authoritarian State in Peripheral Societies Ch.7, pp. 98-104 only (Socialism and Democracy in the Periphery)