Nations and Nation Building: Canada's Evolutionary Changes!
Movements Toward Confederation!
Initial Reasons for Confederation! Fear of USA domination! Belief that Britain was reluctant to defend against US aggression! Strength through unity! 1864! Province of Canada agreed! Nova Scotia and New Brunswick agreed! Charlottetown appointed as place for conference! 1867! Gained support of Catholic Church! 72 Resolutions! London Conferenc e and Constitutio n Act! Helped by British Colonial Office! Supported by Macdonald, Brown, Cartier, lanevin, and Galt! Opposed by Dorion and Rough!
Conflicts Between Upper and Lower Canada!
King William s War: 1688-1697! (Theater of the 9 Years War)! New England and the Iroquois vs. New France and the Wabanaki! Prestige and control of fur trade! Comte de Frontenac sent 3 war parties! Attack on Montreal! Treaty of Ryswick!
King George s War: 1744-1748! (Theater of War of the Austrian Succession)! French attacked Nova Scotia! British won Louisbourg! Treaty of Aixla-Chapelle in 1748!
French and Indian War: 1754-1763! Frontier Tensions! France, French colonists, and Native allies vs. Britain, the Anglo-American colonists, and the Iroquois! Ohio River Valley skirmish escalated into full-scale war! War in America settled into stalemate while war in Mediterranean and India escalated! Treaty of Paris!
Rebellion in Lower Canada!
Louis Joseph Papineau! Elected to Assembly of Lower Canada in 1809! Elected Speaker of Assembly in 1815! Accused of cowardice during rebellion yet was still supported! First effective political leader of his people! 92-Resolutions! 1834! Consisted of grievances and claims of Patriotes! Chateau Clique! Group of Anglophone merchants that were in charge of executive and legislative councils!
Upper Canada! Lower Canada!
Rebellion in Upper Canada!
William Lyon Mackenzie! May 1824; published 1 st Colonial Advocate! 1828 was elected to House of Assembly for York County! 1834 was named mayor of Toronto City Council! Family Compact! The Upper Canadian version of the Chateau Clique! Drew on Loyalist beliefs!
Connection to Britain!
Upper Canada! Some came from England others came from the colonies! English immigrants: Economical reasons! English-Colonial: political!
Connection to France!
Giovanni Verrazano! Jacques Cartier! Fishing boom! Fur boom!
Primary Source Document: Constitution Act!
1867! Confederation of the Province of Canada! Distribution of Powers!
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