Ch 5: The Strains of Empire Name MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) The British Proclamation of 1763: A) successfully ended an attempt by Ottawa Indians to drive the British out of the Ohio Valley. B) ended reckless speculation in western lands by eastern investors. C) removed all Indians west of the Mississippi River. D) allowed western Indians the right to trade with any European merchants. E) ordered colonial governors to reserve lands west of the Appalachian Mountains for Indian nations. 1) 2) The call for the meeting of a Continental Congress in 1774 came in response to the: A) Stamp Act. B) Quartering Act. C) Townshend Acts. D) Sugar Act. E) Intolerable Acts. 2) 3) The Intolerable Acts provided for all of the following EXCEPT the: A) immunity of British soldiers involved in suppressing civil disturbances from local court trials. B) stripping of the upper house of the Massachusetts legislative chamber of its veto power. C) individual punishment of participants in the Boston Tea Party. D) closing of Boston's port until Massachusetts paid for tea destroyed in the Boston Tea Party. E) replacement of Hutchinson as governor by the commander in chief of British forces in America. 3) 4) The Regulators of North Carolina opposed the: A) division of large landholdings. B) lower court fees. C) policies of an unresponsive government. D) issuance of paper currency. E) use of military tactics. 4) 5) During the 1760s and 1770s, urban artisans in America: A) feared political protests might provoke retaliation by powerful merchants. B) degenerated into radical and unruly mobs. C) remained deferential toward their economic superiors. D) used political discontent to demand internal reforms. E) opposed revolutionary agitation against England. 5) 6) The struggle with England over colonial rights between 1764 and 1776 revealed that: A) colonial merchants sided with their British counterparts. B) most colonists felt that Parliament had their best interests at heart. C) colonial society was not unified. D) newer immigrants held more conservative views. E) over time people tend to grow tired of politics. 6) 1
7) Much of the colonial clergy: A) urged their congregations to obey British laws. B) supported the revolutionary movement against English rule. C) saw the revolutionary movement as dangerously immoral. D) claimed that the British were not true Christians. E) denounced the revolutionary pamphleteers. 7) 8) Colonists protested the Stamp Act in all of the following ways EXCEPT: A) a Declaration of Independence. B) formation of an intercolonial Stamp Act Congress. C) boycott of British goods by American merchants. D) burning of stamp distributors in effigy. E) passage of formal resolutions by the Virginia House of Burgesses. 8) 9) The Boston Massacre, in which five townspeople were killed by British redcoats: A) convinced Governor Hutchinson to order British troops out of town. B) convinced Parliament to repeal all colonial taxes. C) resulted in a speedy conviction and execution of the soldiers. D) galvanized the colonies into further resistance to English policies. E) demonstrated the calculated desire of the British to crush colonial rebellion. 9) 10) Most colonial farmers of the 1750s and 1760s: A) feared that British troops would steal their crops. B) immediately joined the resistance movement. C) would fight with the British during the Revolution. D) suffered from declining prices and markets. E) seemed more concerned with local issues than English policies. 10) 11) Many Americans viewed English policies after 1763 as: A) a slow attempt to extinguish the lamp of liberty in England. B) a systematic attack on their constitutional liberties. C) threats to their economic interests. D) evidence of English corruption. E) all of the above 11) 12) Colonists protested England's arbitrary use of power. Arbitrary means: A) lacking in judgment. B) unrestrained. C) just and honorable. D) ungenerous. E) subject to arbitration. 12) 13) Even before the Second Continental Congress assembled in May 1775, most colonies had created extralegal, revolutionary governments which: A) operated the courts. B) created and armed militia units. C) bullied merchants and shopkeepers to conform to boycotts. D) levied taxes. E) all of the above 13) 2
14) The ideology of revolutionary republicanism: A) provided a coherent doctrine to which all colonists could subscribe. B) originated in the struggle of American colonists against imperial despotism. C) rejected the authority of the king and Parliament. D) reflected common colonial interests and experiences. E) borrowed ideas from a variety of former Whig and Enlightenment thinkers. 14) 15) The turning point of the Seven Years' War in America occurred when: A) the French won the alliance of the powerful Iroquois Confederacy. B) Andrew Jackson won the battle of New Orleans. C) American representatives approved a plan for intercolonial action. D) General Edward Braddock claimed control of Fort Duquesne. E) English Prime Minister William Pitt threw his nation's full military might into the American campaign. 15) 16) General James Wolfe overcame the French on the Plains of Abraham in 1759 to capture the city of: A) Quebec. B) New Orleans. C) Detroit. D) Louisbourg. E) Montreal. 16) 17) The underlying cause of the Seven Years' War in America was (the): A) French attack on the western forces of George Washington. B) English colonial penetration of the Ohio Valley. C) French takeover of the western fur trade. D) France's attack on English colonies in India. E) English retaliation against western Indian attacks. 17) 18) As a result of the Molasses Act of 1733: A) New England merchants and shippers gained new respect for royal authority. B) Parliament reduced the tax on molasses from 6 pence to 3 pence. C) trade between New England and the French West Indies collapsed. D) many of New England's largest merchants and distillers resorted to smuggling. E) New England rum had to be shipped to England before being exported to another country. 18) 19) "England was quietly installing the machinery of imperial management..." Imperial management refers to one: A) dealing with colonies. B) out of control. C) concerned only with taxes. D) based upon popular consent. E) business model of imperial control. 19) 3
20) Some revolutionary ideas were expressed in the form of broadsides. A broadside is a: A) cartoon. B) street skit. C) newspaper. D) slogan. E) single printed sheet. 20) 21) Following the Glorious Revolution of 1688, England: A) tightened imperial controls over her American empire. B) relaxed customs regulations and reduced duties. C) forbade colonial merchants the right to engage in foreign trade. D) replaced all royal governors with elected representatives. E) entered a political alliance with France. 21) 22) Which of the following series of "steps on the road to revolution" is NOT in correct chronological order? A) Proclamation of 1763; Boston Massacre; Tea Act. B) Sugar Act; Quartering Act; Townshend Revenue Acts. C) First Continental Congress; Coercive Acts; Boston Tea Party. D) Sugar Act; Currency Act; Stamp Act. E) Currency Act; Stamp Act; Declaratory Act. 22) 23) England declared war on Spain in 1739 because of a desire to: A) dominate trade in the Atlantic basin. B) win commercial privileges from her ally France. C) avenge the loss of Robert Jenkin's ear. D) end Spanish involvement in smuggling activities. E) avenge Spanish piracy of English merchant ships. 23) 24) As a result of the Townshend duties of 1767, Parliament: A) forced American colonists to pay a higher tax on sugar. B) raised customs duties on American imports of paper, lead, paint, and tea. C) sent a circular letter to each colony explaining England's need for revenue. D) required colonial assemblies to pay the salaries of royal officials from local property taxes. E) permanently suspended New York's rebellious assembly for noncompliance with British regulations. 24) 25) Which of the following provisions was NOT a part of George Grenville's program to raise colonial revenue? A) prohibition of colonial currency B) increased taxes on imported French molasses C) an expanded list of enumerated commodities D) stamp duties on various colonial documents and products E) strict enforcement of the Sugar Act 25) 4
26) Discussions at the First Continental Congress were LEAST concerned with: A) writing a restrained Declaration of Rights and Resolves. B) defining and justifying American grievances against England. C) determining a colonial plan of resistance. D) preparing financially and militarily for war. E) overcoming sectional hostilities and jealousies. 26) 27) The end of the Seven Years' War left the American colonies: A) to deal with the anger of France. B) economically prosperous. C) reluctant to pursue western settlements. D) more dependent upon British support and leadership. E) debtridden and weakened in manpower. 27) 28) For a poor shoemaker like Ebenezer MacIntosh of Boston, the Seven Years' War and the turmoil leading to the American Revolution: A) destroyed his faith in democratic government. B) offered an opportunity for personal advancement. C) imposed economic hardships and deprivation. D) allowed him to demonstrate his religious faith. E) had little impact or significance. 28) 29) The most important revolutionary role for colonial women was: A) facilitating the boycott of English goods. B) organizing political protests. C) offering medical support to military units. D) praying for deliverance from English oppression. E) organizing fast days. 29) 30) Passage of the Declaratory Act by Parliament: A) demonstrated British desire to reach a compromise solution with the colonies on matters of taxation. B) politicized the American resistance movement. C) resolved the problems that had created the Stamp Act crisis. D) asserted Parliament's power to enact laws for the colonies in "all cases whatsoever." E) forced American colonists to obey the Stamp Act. 30) 31) Americans objected to the Tea Act of 1773 because it would: A) require them to drink an inferior tea. B) raise the price of tea in America. C) increase Parliament's taxation of tea. D) cause smuggled Dutch tea to be undersold. E) bankrupt the popular East India Company. 31) TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false. 32) Economic difficulties in the 1760s and 1770s led craftsmen in Philadelphia to band together within their craft and their community. 32) 33) The agricultural areas of the colonies formed the vital core of revolutionary agitation. 33) 5
34) The era from 1689 to 1763 was one of chronic warfare in both Europe and North America. 34) 35) Parliamentary restrictions passed after the Boston Tea Party were deemed "intolerable" by Americans, but justly "coercive" by most Englishmen. 35) 36) Colonial leaders gathered at the First Continental Congress for the purpose of declaring independence and preparing for war. 36) 37) To avoid potential violence, Governor Hutchinson of Massachusetts tried to convince the East India Company to return its shiploads of tea to England rather than attempt unloading in Boston. 37) 38) George Grenville's program to raise revenue proposed that all imperial debts be paid by the American colonists. 38) 39) The Declaratory Act, passed in response to the colonial turmoil over the Stamp Act, failed to resolve the issue of Parliament's right to tax the colonies. 39) 40) The Seven Year's War proved to be one of the bloodiest wars fought in the New World. 40) SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question. 41) The Townshend Acts suspended New York's assembly until that colony ceased its noncompliance with the Act of 1765, which required public funds for support of British troops garrisoned in the colonies. 41) 42) Even after the French surrender in the Seven Years' War, the Ottawa Chief gathered many of the northern tribes that had aided the French for an assault on English western forts. 42) 43) At Fort Duquesne, the French rebuffed the attempts of young Virginia militia colonel to establish an English fort at the forks of the Ohio River. 43) 44) In 1772, a band of Rhode Island colonists attacked and burned a British patrol boat, the. 44) 45) In 1696, Parliament tightened imperial administration in America with the creation of additional courts, which functioned without juries, to prosecute smugglers who evaded trade restrictions. 45) 46) Urging restraint and further colonial attempts at reconciliation with England, served as a moderate delegate to the First Continental Congress from Pennsylvania. 46) 47) England declared war on Spain in 1739, presumably because the Spanish severed the ear of English sea captain. 47) 48) During the Seven Year's War, England relocated the, the first time a civilian population was relocated by force. 48) 6
49) To discuss creation of a colonial union and possible alliance with the Iroquois Indians, colonial representatives met in 1754 at. 49) 50) Composed mainly of artisans, shopkeepers, and ordinary citizens, groups calling themselves the carried out violent protests against the Stamp Act. 50) ESSAY. Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper. 51) How did growing revolutionary sentiment from 1764 to 1776 impact urban artisans, women, and backcountry farmers in America? 52) What made republicanism a revolutionary ideology in the eighteenth century? What criticisms did revolutionary Americans level against the British monarchy? 53) Discuss the causes and important developments of the Seven Years' War in North America. Analyze the consequences of the war for the various "winners" and "losers." 54) Discuss the proposed program of George Grenville in 1764-1765 to raise revenue to reduce England's debts. How and why did the Stamp Act politicize American colonists as never before? 7