THE NEW REPUBLIC Chapter 1 Section 4
Historical Context Constitution Bill of Rights was finally ratified in 1791. During 1790 s and 1800 s the New Republic faced internal political issues and international affairs that tests the nation s strength.
U.S. Presidents from 1789-1817 George Washington No political Party John Adams Federalist Thomas Jefferson Democratic Republic James Madison Democratic Republic James Monroe Monroe Doctrine
President s Cabinet President: George Washington Secretary of State: Thomas Jefferson Secretary of Treasury: Alexander Hamilton
What is the Issue? And then National Bank War of 1812 Jefferson Presidency John Marshall France British Spain Ohio Alien and Sedition Acts
National Political Issues
Financial Plan What type of economy will have the U.S.? Alexander Hamilton Commercial and industrial. Finance a national army and navy. Pay war debts. Issue government bonds. New taxes to finance the government. Create a Bank of the United States. Argues that the Congress can enacted the laws that they need using the clause of general welfare. Thomas Jefferson A National Bank over the States Bank isn t possible. Federal government has to be limited. Federal government hasn t to pay war debts because most of them belongs to creditors of the Northeast. Consequence Emerge Political Parties
You got the Federal Reserve Bank on you!
Federalists Powerful Federal government Promoted the growth of manufacturing and trade Powerful Army and Navy Merchants and wealthy people. Led by Hamilton and Adams Democrats Republicans Weaker federal government and stronger state government. Promoted economy based on agriculture. Immigrants. Reduced Federal Government and less militarism. Led by Madison and Jefferson.
Jefferson, Madison, and the War of 1812 Jefferson was the first Democratic Republican elected President of the United States. He believed that federal government should respect public opinion and allow public criticism. He cut the national debt, reducing the budget of the navy and army.
John Marshalls War of 1812 Judicial Review: Marbury v. Madison
Foreign Policy Britain, France, Indians and Spain
France French Revolution 1789 French fought against the monarchy to defend their natural rights and declare a Republic. Europe s monarchies saw the revolutionaries as murderous mobs. They declare war against France. Because Federalist shares monarchies perspective about French Revolution and Democratic Republicans were agree with French, they decide that the United States will be neutral.
Britain During French Revolution They want to prove U.S. neutrality. 1793- Britain seize U.S. merchant ships trading with the French colonies in the West indies. American Soil Issues They were fighting for British forts on the American side of the Great Lakes. Jay s Treaty of 1794- Britain gave up the forts but continue with the shipping restrictions over American ships. 1807- Jefferson persuaded Congress to declare an embargo suspending trading between Britain and U.S.. At the end this order affect more the Americans than Britain.
Spain Pinckney s Treaty 1795 Negotiation with Spain that permitted American to export their produce through New Orleans.
Indians Ohio Country Conflict 1714 General Anthony Wayne won the pivotal victory at fallen Timbers. Indians give up 2/3 of modern Ohio State.
Louisiana Purchase Napoleon Bonaparte (New French Emperor) urge for money. He proposed that he want to sell the territory that he get from Spain. Thomas Jefferson agreed and brought Louisiana territory for $15 million and doubled the U.S. territory.
U.S Political Reaction Conflicts between France and US provokes a fullscale naval war. Federalists passed the Alien Act and Sedition Act in 1798. How these acts affected immigrants? Could be consider as a threat to Civil Rights?
War of 1812 President James Madison declare war against Britain. 1814- British invaded the United States and capture Washington D.C. U.S. government prevail, they proved that the are a strong government. They agree a Peace Treaty that did not change any boundaries.
New Issues in National Politics Differences between North and South
Classwork (15 points) Read pages 25-27. Complete the following comparative chart between North and South.
Answer What is the Industrial Revolution? How the Industrial Revolution impact the United States regions? Explain the Monroe Doctrine. Why the Monroe Doctrine is consider as a policy that unify the Americans but destroy a continent?