World Population T JLHE FIGURES presented here were derived from local censuses, communal registrations, estimates by informed persons, and data provided by organizations in response to a special inquiry by the YEAR BOOK (AJYB, 1961 [Vol. 62], pp. 382-88). Changes due to births and deaths were taken into account only in so far as they were reflected in figures supplied by local sources. During the period under review the demographic picture was changed by mass departures of Jews from North Africa, mainly to France and to a lesser extent to Israel, as well as immigration to Israel from other countries. At the time of writing (October 1962), only rough estimates as to these trends were available and there were substantial differences between figures from various sources. DISTRIBUTION BY CONTINENTS The estimated world population in mid-1962 was about 13,000,000. Some 6,560,000, or about half, were in North, Central, and South America and the West Indies; 3,907,000, or about 30 per cent, in Europe; 2,160,000, or 17 per cent, in Asia; 318,000, or 2.5 per cent, in Africa; and some 70,000, or about 0.5 per cent, in Australasia. 1 Europe Of the 3,907,000 Jews in Europe, 2,385,000 were in the Soviet Union, 340,000 in the countries of the Soviet bloc, and about 1,180,000 in the non- Communist countries. After the establishment of the independent Algerian state, the mass movement of Algerian Jews to France transformed the French community. It was estimated that by the fall of 1962 this migration, together with the previous influx of Tunisian and some Moroccan Jews, had raised the number of Jews in France to 500,000, making the community there the fourth largest in the world and the largest in Western Europe. The United Kingdom's 450,000 Jews formed the second largest community in Western Europe. For meaning of abbreviations, see p. 483. 1 Figures in the tables below are rounded out to the nearest 50. 424
WORLD JEWISH POPULATION / 425 TABLE 1. ESTIMATED JEWISH POPULATION IN EUROPE, BY COUNTRIES, 1962 Albania 1,660,000 300 Austria 7,074,000 11,000 Belgium 9,203,000 35,150 Bulgaria 7,943,000 7,000 Czechoslovakia 13,776,000 18,000 Denmark 4,617,000 6,000 England 52,777,000 450,000 Finland 4,467,000 1,500 France 45,960,000 500,000 Germany 72,814,000 30,000 Gibraltar 22,500 650 Greece 8,394,000 6,500 Hungary 10,057,000 90,000 Ireland 2,815,000 5,400 Italy 49,455,000 35,000 Luxembourg 317,000 1,000 Malta 329,000 50 Netherlands 11,797,000 27,000 Norway 3,611,000 900 Poland 29,965,000 30,000 Portugal 9,268,000 750 Rumania 18,567,000 180,000 Soviet Union 218,000,000 2,385,000b Spain 30,817,000 3,000 Sweden 7,520,000 14,000 Switzerland 5,470,000 19,050 Turkey 28,602,000 43,000^ Yugoslavia 18,836,000 7,000 TOTAL 674,133,500 3,907,250 a United Nations, Statistical Office, Monthly Bulletin of Statistics, October 1962, and other sources, including local publications. b Includes Asian regions of the USSR and Turkey.
426 / AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK North, Central, and South America The population of the United States was estimated at about 5,585,- 000 (p. 57). There were about 250,000 Jews in Canada (p. 261) and over 715,000 in Latin America. Cuba's populaton fell to 3,500. The population in Argentina was estimated at 450,000, and the previous estimate of 400,000 has been revised accordingly (AJYB, 1961 [Vol. 62], p. 490). TABLE 2. ESTIMATED JEWISH POPULATION IN NORTH, CENTRAL, AND SOUTH AMERICA AND THE WEST INDIES, BY COUNTRIES, 1962 Canada 18,600,000 254,000 Mexico 37,233,000 28,000 United States 186,511,000 5,585,000 Total North America 242,344,000 5,867,000 Barbados 243,000 100 Costa Rica 1,225,000 1,500 Cuba 7,068,000 3,500 Curasao 148,000 1,000 Dominican Republic 3,205,000 500 El Salvador 2,501,000 300 Guatemala 3,980,000 1,200 Haiti 4,346,000 150 Honduras 1,883,000 150 Jamaica 1,638,000 1,400 Nicaragua 1,527,000 200 Panama 1,084,000 2,000 Trinidad 859,000 400 Total Central America and West Indies 29,707,000 12,400 Argentina Bolivia 21,078,000 3,549,000 450,000 4,000 Brazil 75,271,000 125,000" Chile 7,827,000 30,000 Colombia 14,443,000 10,000 Ecuador 4,579,000 2,000 Paraguay 1,857,000 1,200 Peru 10,365,000 4,000 Surinam 270,000 1,000 Uruguay 2,827,000 45,000 Venezuela 7,788,000 8,500 Total South America 149,854,000 680,700 TOTAL 421,905,000 6,560,100 bfor other local estimate, see p. 283.
WORLD JEWISH POPULATION / 427 Asia and Australia-New Zealand Of some 2,160,000 Jews in Asia, exclusive of the Asian parts of Turkey and the USSR, over 2,000,000 were in Israel and 80,000 in Iran. Australia had a population of 66,000, and New Zealand 4,500. TABLE 3. ESTIMATED JEWISH POPULATION IN ASIA, BY COUNTRIES, 1962 Aden 7,300,000 500 Afghanistan 12,000,000 1,000 Burma China 22,342,000 646,530,000 500 200 Cyprus Hong Kong 581,000 3,178,000 150 200 India 441,631,000 20,000 Indonesia 96,385,000 100 Iran 20,678,000 80,000 Iraq 7,263,000 6,000 Israel Japan 2,293,000 94,050,000 2,035,000 1,000 Lebanon Pakistan 1,646,000 96,558,000 7,000 400 Philippines 29,698,000 500 Singapore Syria 1,687,000 4,930,000 750 5,000 Yemen 4,555,000 3,500 TOTAL 1,493,305,000 2,161,800 TABLE 4. ESTIMATED JEWISH POPULATION IN AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND, 1962 Australia 10,508,000 66,000 New Zealand 2,485,000 4,500 TOTAL 12,993,000 70,500
428 / AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK Africa The population in Africa declined to some 318,000, including 110,000 in the Union of South Africa. It was estimated that in the fall of 1962 only 10,000 Jews remained in Algeria, 40,000 in Tunisia, and about 130,000 in Morocco. Some of the oldest settlements in the Maghreb were in the process of liquidation. TABLE 5. ESTIMATED JEWISH POPULATION IN AFRICA, BY COUNTRIES, 1962 Algeria 11,020,000 10,000 Congo Republic 14,450,000 500 Egypt 26,578,000 5,000 Ethiopia 15,000,000 12,000 Kenya 7,287,000 1,000 Libya 1,216,000 3,750 Morocco (including Tangier) 11,925,000 130,000 Northern Rhodesia 2,480,000 1,500 Southern Rhodesia 3,150,000 5,000 Tunisia 4,254,000 40,000 Union of South Africa 14,929,000 110,000 TOTAL 112,289,000 318,750 COMMUNITIES WITH LARGEST JEWISH POPULATIONS Together, the United States, the Soviet Union, and Israel accounted for over 75 per cent of the total population of the world. Only four other countries had communities of more than 200,000. TABLE 6. COUNTRIES WITH LARGEST JEWISH POPULATIONS, 1962 Country population United States 5,585,000 Soviet Union 2,385,000 Israel 2,035,000 France 500,000 Argentina 450,000 England 450,000 Canada 254,000
WORLD JEWISH POPULATION / 429 TABLE 7. ESTIMATED JEWISH POPULATION, SELECTED CITIES, 1962 City population Amsterdam 14,000 Antwerp 10,000 Athens 2,850 Basle 2,450 Belgrade 1,500 Berlin 6,000 Berne 800 Bordeaux 5,000 Brussels 23,000 Calcutta 2,500 Cochin 500 Copenhagen 6,000 Florence 1,500 Geneva 2,650 Glasgow 13,400 Haifa 182,000 Helsinki Izmir 1,100 4,000 Jerusalem 166,000 Johannesburg 53,450 Leeds 2,500 London (Greater) 280,000 Luxembourg 850 Manchester 31,000 Manila 300 Melbourne 27,500 Milan 8,000 Oslo 700 Rio de Janeiro 40,000 Rome 12,000 Salonika 1,300 Santiago 25,000 Sao Paulo 50,000 Stockholm 7,000 Sydney 23,000 Teheran 30,000 Tel Aviv-Jaffa 386,000 Trieste 1,500 Valparaiso 4,000 Vienna 9,250 Warsaw 5,000 Zagreb 1,400 Zurich 6,150 LEON SHAPIRO